Monodispersed PEG‐b‐PSt nanoparticles prepared by atom transfer radical emulsion polymerization under microwave irradiation

Atom transfer radical emulsion polymerization of styrene using PEG‐Cl as macroinitiator under microwave irradiation was successfully conducted and monodispersed nanoparticles were prepared. The PEG‐Cl macroinitiator was synthesized, and confirmed by FTIR spectrum. The structure of the PEG‐b‐PSt diblock copolymer was characterized by ¹H‐NMR and the number of styrene unit in the diblock copolymer was calculated. The morphology, size, and size distribution of the nanoparticles were characterized by transmission electron microscope (TEM) and photon correlation spectroscopy (PCS). The effects of the ratio of macroinitiator and monomer, the ratio of catalyst and macroinitiator on the size and size distribution of nanoparticles were investigated. It was found that the diameters of PEG‐b‐PSt nanoparticles prepared under microwave irradiation were smaller (<50 nm) and more monodispersed than those prepared with conventional heating. Moreover, with the increasing of the ratio of St/PEG‐Cl, the hydrodynamic diameters (D_h) of the nanoparticles increased and the poly index decreased, both D_h and poly index of the nanoparticles prepared under microwave irradiation were smaller then those prepared with conventional heating; as the concentration of catalyst increased, the D_h of the nanoparticles decreased and the poly index of the nanoparticles increased. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 46: 481–488, 2008     

具有变时滞的离散双向联想记忆神经网络的全局指数稳定性

利用Lyapunov函数和线性矩阵不等式(LMI),给出了判定一类双向联想记忆(BAM)神经网络模型的指数稳定的充分性条件.该条件去掉了以往论文中所要求的激活函数单调,可微分的条件,而且所得结果利用里的工具易于检测.并举例说明本文结果的有效性.     

Enantioselective Resolution of γ-Lactam by a Whole Cell of <Emphasis Type="Italic">Microbacterium hydrocarbonoxydans</Emphasis> (L29-9) Immobilized in Polymer of PVA–Alginate–Boric Acid

Using immobilized cells of a novel strain of Microbacterium hydrocarbonoxydans L29-9 in polymers of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA)–alginate–boric acid, enantioselective resolution of racemic γ-lactam to produce (−)γ-lactam was successfully carried out. A 6:1 ratio of PVA:sodium alginate not only prevented agglomeration of the matrix but also produced beads with high gel strength. The optimum biotransformation conditions were 1 g/L substrate, pH 7.0, reaction temperature of 30 °C, and reaction time of 3 h. After every two cycles, the immobilized cell beads were separated and immersed in 0.5 mM KCl solution at 4 °C for preservation. At optimum conditions, the enantiomeric excess and the yield of (−)γ-lactam were >99% and 34%, respectively. The beads showed a slight decrease in the enantiomeric excess when re-used up to 14 cycles (the enantioselectivity of the immobilized cells decreased slightly after 14 cycles of usage).     

碳纤维上电沉积Pd-Ag合金纳米粒子链及其氢传感性能

在碳纤维上采用三脉冲电沉积的方法制备出钯银合金纳米粒子链.把表面覆盖有Pd-Ag合金纳米粒子链的碳纤维组装成氢气传感器.采用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)和X射线能谱(EDX)表征了合金纳米粒子链的形貌和成分,应用CHI660B电化学工作站测试其氢传感性能.结果表明,在钯、银离子摩尔比为15∶1的电解液中,在-1.0--1.5 V下,成核5-40 ms;在-0.25--0.35 V,生长200-300 s的条件下,即可获得银的质量分数为16.0%-25.0%的钯银合金纳米粒子链阵列.在室温下,传感器对在0.30%-5.00%(φ,体积分数,下同)范围内的氢气有响应,最快响应时间约为300 s,灵敏度最高可达31.0%;氢在0.30%-1.20%的范围内响应电流与氢气浓度成线性关系,超过4.00%时响应电流不再随浓度的增加而变化;在低于3.50%的浓度下氢传感器的重现性良好.     

傅里叶变换红外光谱法研究核辐照对三七总皂苷粉成分的影响

采用傅里叶变换红外光谱(卷积谱)法对经不同剂量y-射线核辐照的三七总皂苷粉进行了对比研究.辐照剂量不高于9kGy时,三七总皂苷粉样品的化学成分几乎没有发生变化;三七总皂苷粉样品经15kGy及以上的辐照剂量辐照后,可能产生新的化学成分;经21kGy的剂量辐照,三七总皂苷粉产生了人参、三七粉所含的普通成分(非三七总皂苷成分...     

一类推广后的Feigenbaum函数方程的光滑解

考虑一类推广后的Feigenbaum函数方程｛g（0）=1,-1≤g（x）≤1,x∈[-1,1],h（g（x））=g（g（h（x）））其中h（x）是[-1,1]上的递减光滑奇函数且满足h（0）=0,-1〈h’（x）〈0,z∈[-1,1]．利用构造性方法讨论上述方程的光滑解的存在性及唯一性．     

Controlled release of ketorolac through nanocomposite films of hydrogel and LDH nanoparticles

A novel nanocomposite film for sustained release of anionic ophthalmic drugs through a double-control process has been examined in this study. The film, made as a drug-loaded contact lens, consists principally of a polymer hydrogel of 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA), in whose matrix MgAl-layered double hydroxide (MgAl-LDH) nanoparticles intercalated with the anionic drug are well dispersed. Such nanocomposite films (hydrogel-LDH-drug) contained 0.6–0.8 mg of MgAl-LDH and 0.08–0.09 mg of the ophthalmic drug (ketorolac) in 1.0 g of hydrogel. MgAl-drug-LDH nanoparticles were prepared with the hydrodynamic particle size of 40–200 nm. TEM images show that these nanoparticles are evenly dispersed in the hydrogel matrix. In vitro release tests of hydrogel-LDH-drug in pH 7.4 PBS solution at 32 °C indicate a sustained release profile of the loaded drug for 1 week. The drug release undergoes a rapid initial burst and then a monotonically decreasing rate up to 168 h. The initial burst release is determined by the film thickness and the polymerization conditions, but the following release rate is very similar, with the effective diffusion coefficient being nearly constant (3.0 × 10⁻¹² m²/s). The drug release from the films is mechanistically attributed to anionic exchange and the subsequent diffusion in the hydrogel matrix.     

甲烷再燃还原NO过程中SO2的交互作用

综合Leeds机理,采用Chemkin程序的PFR模块,以Glarborg实验中的柱塞流反应器作为模拟对象,研究了甲烷再燃还原NO过程中SO2交互作用的影响.利用该模型计算甲烷再燃还原NO的结果与Glarborg的实验结果吻合;存在最佳空气过量系数0.8时甲烷再燃还原NO效率最高.进一步分析SO2对再燃还原NO影响的结...     

Studies on Micellization of a Polystyrene-b-poly(acrylic acid) Copolymer in Aqueous Media by Pyrene Fluorescence

The aggregation of amphiphilic block copolymers is a crucial phenomenon that controls various applications, and has been extensively treated in the literature1-3. Pyrene is a widely used fluorescence probe for the relative intensities of the vibrational fine structure (five bands) of its fluorescence spectra have been found to be sensitive to the polarity of its environment, the so-called Ham effect4. We report the studies of the aggregation properties of a PS-b-PAA copolymer using pyrene …     

吸附式空调系统的原理及添加剂强化吸附工质性能的研究

氯化锂晶体具有很高的吸水性能，在吸附式空调制冷系统中常常被用作吸附剂。本文介绍了吸附式空调制冷系统的原理，研究了吸附剂（氯化锂）、吸附质（水汽）的性质；采用高真空吸附重量法测定氯化锂的等温吸附曲线及氯化锂吸附水汽的速率，并通过添加一种既有吸附增稠作用，又能强化氯化锂吸附性能的添加剂,改善氯化锂的等温吸附特性,降低氯化锂的再生温度。采用氯化锂混合吸附剂-水的开式旋转吸附式空调系统，具有显著的节能效果和双重杀菌功能，提供人们所喜爱的舒适空调域（室内温湿度26．7℃／50%RH），同时改善室内空气品质。