Safety neighbournoods for the invariants of the matrix similarity

We give safety neighbourhoods for the necessary conditions in the change of the Jordan canonical form of a matrix under small perturbations. We also obtain the minimum distance from an n × n complex matrix which has less than k nonconstant invariant factors (2≤ k≤ n) to the set of matrices which have more or equal to k. When k= 2, we get in particular the distance from a nonderogatory matrix to the set of derogatory matrices.     

A comparative study of particle swarm optimization and its variants for phase stability and equilibrium calculations in multicomponent reactive and non-reactive systems

Particle swarm optimization is a novel evolutionary stochastic global optimization method that has gained popularity in the chemical engineering community. This optimization strategy has been successfully used for several applications including thermodynamic calculations. To the best of our knowledge, the performance of PSO in phase stability and equilibrium calculations for both multicomponent reactive and non-reactive mixtures has not yet been reported. This study introduces the application of particle swarm optimization and several of its variants for solving phase stability and equilibrium problems in multicomponent systems with or without chemical equilibrium. The reliability and efficiency of a number of particle swarm optimization algorithms are tested and compared using multicomponent systems with vapor–liquid and liquid–liquid equilibrium. Our results indicate that the classical particle swarm optimization with constant cognitive and social parameters is a reliable method and offers the best performance for global minimization of the tangent plane distance function and the Gibbs energy function in both reactive and non-reactive systems.     

Studies on PNPP Hydrolysis Catalyzed by Divalent Metal Ion Macrocyclic Schiff Base Complexes in Micellar Solution

Two transitional metal ion macrocyclic Schiff base complexes, NiL and CuL were synthesized and characterized, and the metallomicelles made up of the nickel(II) and copper(II) complexes and surfactants(LSS, Brij35, CTAB), as mimic hydrolytic metalloenzyme, were used in catalytic hydrolysis of carboxylic ester (PNPP). The analysis of specific absorption spectrums of the hydrolytic reaction systems indicates that key intermediates, made up of PNPP and Ni(II) or Cu(II) complexes, have formed in the reaction processes of the PNPP catalytic hydrolysis. In this, based on the analytic result of specific absorption spectrum, the mechanism of PNPP catalytic hydrolysis has been proposed; a kinetic mathematical model, applied to the calculation of the kinetic parameter of PNPP catalytic hydrolysis has been established on the foundation of the mechanism proposed; the acid effect of reaction system, structure effect of the complexes, effect of temperature and effects of micelle on the rate of PNPP hydrolysis catalyzed by the complexes also have been discussed.     

阴离子型芘基探针用于水体中对硝基苯胺的荧光检测

本研究利用阴离子型芘衍生物8-羟基芘-1,3,6-三磺酸三钠盐(HPTS),建立了一种快速、可视化的对硝基苯胺(PNA)荧光检测方法.检测原理主要是基于PNA通过非共价作用而导致的HPTS的荧光淬灭.通过测量加入PNA后HPTS在512 nm处荧光强度的变化,可以实现PNA的荧光检测.本方法的线性范围为10~120μmol/L,检出限(3σ/s)为4.6μmol/L.对本方法的抗干扰性以及方法的实际应用性进行了考察.结果表明,本方法具有低成本、高灵敏度、高选择性、操作简便等优点.     

高光谱图像识别霉变花生的光谱特征分析与指数模型构建

霉变花生极有可能含强致癌物质-黄曲霉素，快速识别并分离霉变花生可从源头上阻止其进入食物链，并降低人类摄入黄曲霉素的风险。利用可见光-近红外高光谱数据，通过光谱分析确定能有效识别霉变花生的光谱特征或指数模型。共获取霉变花生样本253个，健康花生247个，并取其霉变(或健康)部位的均值光谱。在对光谱进行连续统去除后，首先对其求取了不同步长的一阶微分，并在可分性较优的光谱区域计算了Area_500～650指数；其次，用连续小波变换提取了光谱的形状和位置信息，并利用Index_cwt指数识别霉变花生样本。结果显示，指数Area_500～650的J-M距离为1.95，Index_cwt模型的J-M距离为1.99，表明霉变和健康花生在构建的指数模型Area_500～650和Index_cwt的特征空间可分性均较优。