一种经验型疲劳小裂纹扩展模型

金属材料疲劳寿命由裂纹萌生和裂纹扩展寿命两部分组成,其中对于萌生寿命中的小裂纹分析是精确描述裂纹萌生寿命的关键．而小裂纹在扩展过程中由于尺寸相对较小,导致传统线弹性断裂力学预测方法失效,需要对其进行改进,考虑裂纹尖端塑性区引起的残余压应力对小裂纹扩展速度的影响．本文针对此问题进行了初步分析,通过对塑性区引起的残余应力的量化,结合小裂纹门槛值特性,提出了一种经验型修正的小裂纹扩展模型,用于定量预测裂纹的萌生寿命．使用铝合金6082-T6缺口试样进行了疲劳实验,并与理论结果进行了对比,验证了所提模型的有效性．     

实用高温超导MCG系统研究

本文研究了一种自建的低成本简易磁屏蔽室及其操控条件,提出了能被高温超导rf SQUID仪器所接受的简易磁屏蔽室,并且运用由该磁屏蔽室和rf SQUID梯度计所构成的组合系统测量了微弱的生物磁信号.研究结果表明,该磁屏蔽室能够有效降低电磁干扰,确保SQUID长时稳定工作,基于该磁屏蔽室的复合MCG测量系统具备捕捉微弱生物磁信号的能力,且所得信号具有可接受的信噪比.这将使得开发一种低造价的实用高温超导MCG测量系统成为现实.     

基于RLS自适应算法的音频数字水印检测技术

实现了一种基于音频信号掩蔽曲线的水印嵌入方法，提出了一种基于RLS（递归最小二乘方）自适应滤波算法的水印检测算法，该算法在检测水印时无需原音频文件，实验结果表明，在不影响听觉效果的前提下，这种水印嵌入和检测方法对MPEG压缩，常规滤波，加噪等处理均具有很好的抗攻击性即鲁棒性。     

基于Turbo码的图像数字水印技术

在详细分析数字水印系统等效信道的基础上，提出了一种基于Turbo码的图像数字水印算法．该算法利用Turbo码的纠错性能和人眼视觉特性，以实现静止图像中数字水印的嵌入和提取；在水印嵌入之前，对水印序列进行Turbo码编码，然后利用人眼视觉特性进行水印嵌入，并采用了Turbo迭代译码算法进行水印提取，最后进行了数值仿真和算法比较．实验结果表明，该算法降低了水印在传输过程中的误码率，提高了水印的抗攻击能力，同时较好地解决了水印的鲁棒性和不可见性之间的矛盾．     

Pulsed electrodeposition and magnetism of two-dimensional assembly of controlled-size Co particles on Si substrates

We present an extremely simple and inexpensive way to obtain controlled-size and density Co metallic particles on Si(1 1 1) using electrodeposition. When unpatterned substrates are used, the particle density and size can be controlled by adjusting the pulse frequency and the total deposition time. Randomly arranged cobalt particles with diameters of few tens of nanometres are obtained for short deposition times. Continuing the deposition, the particle size and density can be increased until coalescence. Magnetic force microscopy images show magnetically coupled/uncoupled particles depending on the size and distance between them. For small decoupled particles, no in-plane uniaxial anisotropy is found, in agreement with transmission electron microscopy observations which show randomly oriented single crystal particles. As the particle coalescence increases, the in-plane anisotropy evaluated from magnetization loops increases as well. When deposited on focused ion beam patterned substrates, well organized nanoparticles with adjustable magnetic anisotropy are obtained. Ferromagnetic resonance measurements performed on these samples reveal that the magnetic anisotropy originates mainly from the particle shape.     

在局域非线性响应的光折变晶体中的对称光扇

在具有非局域非线性响应的所有光折变晶体中几乎都能观察到光折变光扇效应．最近我们在具有局域非线性响应的光折变晶体（LiNbO₃∶Fe）观察到对称光扇．基于前向简并三波作用，从理论上研究了这种对称光扇的形成 关键词：     

光折变晶体中的稳态光扇

指出在高增益的光折变晶体内光束自身的多波混合是光扇形成的一个可能起因．通过光束自身的多波耦合作用，光能从低空间频率成分转移至高频成分上，从而形成宽角分布的扇形轮廓，所以放大噪声和放大光束中高频成分在光扇效应中都起重要的作用． 关键词：     

Scanning thermal microwave resonance microscopy

Local detection of ferromagnetic resonance in magnetically ordered materials is achieved by local thermal modulation of the microwave resonance absorption with a scanning thermal microscope. A scanning thermal microwave resonance microscope was constructed based on a microwave bridge with an X-band cavity and a thermal nano-probe contacted to the sample at the wall of the cavity. The technique has been tested on an epitaxial iron film which exhibited lateral inhomogeneities due to a partial oxidation of iron. Different types of oxidation could be distinguished. The locally resolved ferromagnetic resonance spectra are compared with the result of an integral measurement using conventional detection techniques of the ferromagnetic resonance with the same set-up. The lateral resolution achievable with the thermally modulated ferromagnetic resonance measurements was about 200 nm for the investigated iron film.     

Thermal expansion imaging and finite element simulation of hot lines in high power AlGaN HEMT devices

The temperature and thermo-elastic expansion of the heated area in a high power, high electron mobility transistor (HEMT) device have been investigated by means of finite element calculations and scanning thermal expansion microscopy. With both procedures a hot line is located near the gate line of the transistor. To determine the absolute temperature, the thermo-elastic response was calibrated on the basis of the force–distance curve of the AFM and the thermal expansion of the gold layer on top of the heated areas. The maximum temperatures deduced by the two procedures are in reasonable agreement whereas discrepancies are found for the temperature profile of the hot line, pointing towards a possible influence of the large aspect ratio of the device on the thermo-elastic measurement.     

替代M-型钡铁氧体纳米粒子的微波吸收性能

The microwave-absorbing behavior of substituted M-type barium ferrite nano-particles was investigated. The nano-particles were synthesized with coprecipitation-melted salt method. For the purpose of comparison, corre-sponding micro-particles were also prepared through direct coprecipitation and sintering. XRD and TEM of the nano-particles showed that the ferrite was hexagonal in structure and widely distributed in size with particle size being less than 100nm, the complex permittivity and permeability of a 1.50mm thick specimen and a 1.40mm thick specimen containing 60% by weight of substituted M-type barium ferrite nano-particles and micro-particles were measured respectively in X band (8.2～12.4GHz) range, from which the reflection loss (R.L.) of microwaves was calculated and two comparative absorption curves were given. The results showed that the synthetic nano-particles could well absorb microwaves in X band. The absorption was larger than 10dB in the range of 9.2～12.4GHz while the maximum absorption was 38.6dB at 10.6GHz.