介质球极化强度矢量的辨析

问题的提出:将一介电常数为ez,半经为a的介质球置于均匀外场E0中,若球外充满另一介电常数为e1的介质,求球内、外的电场,进而讨论介质球的极化强度矢量.很显然,球内、外的电场是原来的均匀电场与球面上极化电荷的场的叠加,用分离变数法容易求得叠加后球内电场仍为均匀场　　　　　　　,而球面上极化电荷在球外的场则等效于一个位于球心、电矩 的电偶极子所激发的.由于球内的场是均匀的,介质球的极化也是均匀的,因此在有的教科书[1]和参考书[2]中,得出介质球的极化强度矢量 必须指出,用(1)式来表示介质球的极化强度矢量是错误的.因为电矩 是…     

Dependence of Isoscaling Parameters on Nucleon-Nucleon Cross Section and Momentum-Dependent Interaction

Inltuences of the isospin dependence of the in-medium nucleon-nucleon cross section and the momentum-dependent interaction （MDI） on the isotope scaling are investigated by using the isospin-dependent quantum molecular dynamics model （IQMD）. The results show that both the isospin dependence of the in-medium nucleon-nucleon cross section and the momentum-dependent interaction affect the isoscaling parameters appreciably and indepen- dently. The inltuence caused by the isospin dependence of two-body collision is relatively larger than that from the MDI in the mean tield. Aiming at exploring the implication of isoscaling behaviour, which the statistical equilibrium in the reaction is reached, the statistical properties in the mass distribution and the kinetic energy distribution of the fragments simulated by IQMD are presented.     

Humidity Effects on Imaging and Nanomanipulation of Individual DNA Molecules on HOPG Surface

Single DNA molecules are aligned on highly ordered pyrolytic graphite （HOPG） surface in ambient air. It is shown that environmental humidity has a remarkable influence on the measured height of DNA by atomic force microscopy （AFM）, probably due to the conformation transition of DNA. We also demonstrate that DNA molecules deposited on HOPG surface can be ＇pushed＇ much more easily by AFM tip at high humidity than at 10W one.     

Deuterium Clusters Fusion Induced by the Intense Femtosecond Laser Pulse

Neutrons （2.45MeV） from deuterium cluster fusion induced by the intense femtosecond （3Ors） laser pulse are experimentally demonstrated. The average neutron yield 103 per shot is obtained. It is found that the yield slightly increases with the increasing laser spot size. No neutron can be observed when the laser intensity I 〈 4.3 × 10^15 W/cm^2.     

正庚烷复合均质压燃的燃烧与排放特性研究

本文对参比燃料正庚烷(n-heptane)在一台单缸柴油机上进行了复合均质压燃试验,在缸内直喷正庚烷的同时使用电控燃油喷射系统控制进气道的正庚烷喷射量,以达到控制和改善HCCI着火和燃烧的目的.研究了常温常压下,不同预混合比例和不同负荷的正庚烷复合HCCI燃烧和排放特性.研究发现:在保持NOx排放较低的情况下(100×10-6),这种燃烧方式可以有效的拓宽HCCI的运行范围,大幅降低HC排放(平均降低1/3),同时对降低小负荷时的CO排放也有明显效果.     

Fourier变换光谱仪信噪比测量方法研究

对一种测量计算Fourier变换光谱仪信噪比的方法进行了修正.讨论了该方法与传统信噪比测量方法之间的关系,发现采用本修正方法计算的信噪比较传统方法计算的信噪比高约1.5倍,并通过计算机模拟和理论分析给予证明.讨论了Fourier变换光谱仪的主要误差源,特别提出在设计Fourier变换光谱仪时,为了避免零光程差采样位置的变化引起的复原光谱强度失真,采样频率应适当高于Nyquist频率.     

A study of hadronic shower development in the ECAL of the alpha magnetic spectrometer Ⅱ

In this paper, we studied the development of hadronic shower in an electromagnetic calorimeter of Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer Ⅱ. Two parametrized empirical formulae were proposed to describe the hadronic shower shape in calorimeter. Using 100 GeV proton beam incident on the center of the ECAL, detailed plots of lateral and longitudinal hadronic shower behavior were given and we found the formulae can describe the development of the hadronic shower with the test beam data. The possible application of the parametrized formulae including e^±-π^± discrimination and tau jet reconstruction was discussed.     

测定高分子聚合物-金属配合物稳定常数及平均配位数的新方法

建立了基于化学平衡理论模型以及凝胶过滤色谱(GFC)-电感耦合等离子体质谱(ICPMS)联用技术的高分子聚合物-金属配合物稳定常数、平均配位数测定新方法。以聚乙烯亚胺(PEI)和Cu²⁺为例,对形成的PEI-Cu配合物稳定常数、平均配位数进行测定,以0.02mol·L^-1HAc-NaAc为流动相,凝胶色谱柱分离大分子PEI-Cu配合物以及Cu的小分子配合物、游离态离子,最后用ICPMS测定不同形态金属元素的浓度;利用建立的化学平衡理论模型,计算PEI与金属离子形成配合物的稳定常数、平均配位数,测得25℃,pH4.1~5.3时,PEI-Cu配合物稳定常数为10^9.6~10^10.7,平均配位数为1.0~1.3。建立的在线分离、测定方法具有快速、准确的特点,为高分子聚合物-金属配合物的研究提供新的技术手段。     

大孔径静态干涉成像光谱仪光谱信噪比研究

大孔径静态干涉成像光谱仪获取图谱数据立方体的过程包含干涉仪调制、探测器矩形函数卷积采样和光谱反演,其光谱信噪比评估模型复杂。从光谱能量调制、采样、反演的完整传输过程入手,根据探测器矩形卷积采样原理,采用离散傅里叶变换取实部的光谱反演方法,进行信号与噪声的理论推导,建立了大孔径静态干涉成像光谱仪光谱信噪比评估模型。考虑了与波数相关的光学系统透过率、干涉仪分束面效率、探测器量子效率等仪器设计参数和主要电路噪声参数,进行了光谱信噪比仿真计算。利用LASIS仪器进行了光谱信噪比实验测试,测试结果与模型仿真计算结果平均偏差为3.58%,单谱段信噪比趋势基本吻合,验证了评估模型的正确性。评估模型中包含了典型LASIS成像光谱仪由输入光谱辐射到输出光谱数据的各项主要技术环节,在信噪比计算公式中带入干涉仪分束面干涉效率、探测器矩形采样方式等因素对仪器光谱信噪比的影响算子,并利用实际仪器进行了实验验证,对提高LASIS成像光谱仪工程设计水平具有指导意义。