Nature of anion-templated π(+)-π(+) interactions

Interaction between positively charged aromatic groups (π(+)-π(+)) is characterized by anti-parallel, displaced-stacked structures in the presence of counteranions. Binding energies of pyridinium, N-methylpyridinium and N-methylimidazolium dimers are much larger than that of benzene-pyridine (π-π) and pyridinium-benzene (π(+)-π). Stabilization is attributed to attractive electrostatic interaction with significant dispersion contribution.     

Total Synthesis of (+)Villosol

Villosol,aniridoid,wasisolatedin1985fromChineseherbmedicineP8triniaviIios8'itSstrUctUrewasproPOsedas(A)ll].lnourpreviouspaperi2],wehavereP0rtedthesynthesisofthesubstance(l)A,andf0undittobesPectraIlynonidenticalwiththenaturalisolate.Later,throughX-rayanalysisl'],wehaveconfirmedthatthesmictUreofvillosolwasB.Herein,wedisclosethefirstStereoselectivetotalsynthesisof(+)B.Oursynthesisbeganwithcompound2,whichwasreadilypreparedandresolvedtoitSoPticalformsinlargescalebyAnownmethodI41.After(l)2w…     

Stereoselective Synthesis of (+)-Boronolide

(+)-Boronolide (1) and its deacetylated products have attracted much attention of synthetic chemists due to their diverse biological properties as well as their structural complexities.[1] Many of these reported synthesis involved dehydrogenation of δ-lactone by using benzeneseleninic anhydride or ring-closing olefin metathesis (RCM) to introduce the requisite α,β-unsaturated δ-lactone in boronolide. Here, we report the synthesis of boronolide with diastereoselective propargylation of α-hydroxy aldehyde as the key step and D-gluconolactone as the starting material.     

Asymmetric total syntheses of (+)-goniopypyrone and (+)-9-deoxygoniopypyrone

Asymmetric total syntheses of (+)-goniopypyrone (1) and (+)-deoxygoniopypyrone (2) from methyl cinnamate (7) via (DHQ)2-PHAL-OsO4 catalyzed asymmetric dihydroxylation and highly stereoselective 2-furylcopper addition in eight steps and eleven steps with overall yield of 20% and 13%,respectively,are described.     

Total syntheses of macrosphelides (+)-A, (−)-A and (+)-E

Total syntheses of (+)-macrosphelide A 1 (18.5% overall yield in 11 steps) and (+)-macrosphelide E 2 (23.9% overall yield in 11 steps) have been achieved via the chemoenzymatic reaction product (4R,5S)-4-benzyloxy-5-hydroxy-2(E)-hexenoate 4. The enantiomer (−)-A (1) (14.2% overall yield in 11 steps) of (+)-1 was also synthesized from the chemoenzymatic reaction product (4S,5R)-4-benzyloxy-5-hydroxy-2(E)-hexenoate 4.     

The Formal Stereoselective Synthesis of(+)-Preussin

(+)-Preussin(l).apolysubstitutedpyrrolidinealkaloidisolatedfromthendcroorganismsPrc~SP.andAsPedusocboccllsinthelatel98o'sl'],isofconsiderableimportanceduetoitsbio-activib'asgro\vthi11llibitorofthebacte1ja,thedall,andfilan1entousfungi,includingTI7toop~,ncntaandM~mcanisMoreover,(+)-preussinanditsacetateestershowabroaderspectrUmofantlifungalachvity'againdbothfilamentousfungiandyeaStsthanitSstrUcturallyrelatedanhbioticanisomycin(2).Consequenhy,muchattenhonhasbeendevotedtotheSynthesisl']of(+)-…     

A Concise Total Synthesis of S-(+)-Tylophorine

Phenanthroindolizidine alkaloids, which exhibit extensively biological properties, are widely present at various plants of the Asclepiadaceae family.[1] The significantly biological importance of these natural products has attracted considerable synthetic efforts.[2] We herein report an efficiently asyinmetric synthesis of S-(+)-tylophorine (1), as a typically representative alkaloids.     

Synthesis of (+)- and (−)-Phaselic Acid

The syntheses of both enantiomers of phaselic acid (2-O-caffeoylmalate) are described. The previously unreported acetate-protected caffeic acid anhydride was used with appropriately protected malic acid derivatives as coupling partners to provide fully protected phaselic acid. Sequential unmasking of the protecting groups afforded phaselic acid in an acceptable overall yield.

Supplemental materials are available for this article. Go to the publisher's online edition of Synthetic Communications® to view the free supplemental file.     

Total syntheses of (+)-polygalolide a and (+)-polygalolide b: elucidation of the absolute stereochemistry and biogenetic implications

The total syntheses of (+)-polygalolide?A and (+)-polygalolide?B have been completed by using a carbonyl ylide cycloaddition strategy. Three of the four stereocenters, including two consecutive tetrasubstituted carbon atoms at C2 and C8, were incorporated through internal asymmetric induction from the stereocenter at C7 by a [Rh(2) (OAc)(4)]-catalyzed carbonyl ylide formation/intramolecular 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition sequence. The arylmethylidene moiety of these natural products was successfully installed by a Mukaiyama aldol-type reaction of a silyl enol ether with a dimethyl acetal, followed by elimination under basic conditions. We have also developed an alternative approach to the carbonyl ylide precursor based on a hetero-Michael reaction. This approach requires 18 steps, and the natural products were obtained in 9.8 and 9.3?% overall yields. Comparison of specific rotations of the synthetic materials and natural products suggests that polygalolides are biosynthesized in nearly racemic forms through a [5+2] cycloaddition between a fructose-derived oxypyrylium zwitterion with an isoprene derivative.     

Enantioselective syntheses of (+)- and (−)-brazilin

Two enantiomers of brazilin were prepared in 9 steps from 7-hydroxychroman-4-one using the AD-mix-α and AD-mix-β-directed enantioselective dihydroxylation of 3-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-2H-chromen-7-ol as a key step.     

Asymmetric Synthesis of (+)‐epi‐Cytoxazone

The asymmetric synthesis of (+)‐epi‐cytoxazone, a stereoisomer of potent cytokine modulator cytoxazone, starting from anisaldehyde in six steps, is described. The required configuration was established via Sharpless kinetic resolution followed by the Mitsunobu reaction.     

Synthesis of (+)-altholactone, (+)-7-epi-altholactone, (−)-etharvensin,and (+)-alumheptolide-A using Pd-catalyzed carbonylation

Syntheses of (+)-altholactone isolated from Goniothalamus giganteus and its C-7 epimer (+)-7-epi-altholactone, (?)-etharvensin and (+)-alumheptolide-A were achieved. The lactone ring of these compounds was constructed using Pd-catalyzed carbonylation.     

Enantiodivergent synthesis of (+)- and (−)-isolaurepan

The enantiodivergent synthesis of (+)-and (?)-isolaurepan was achieved from a common chiral template easily available from tri-O-acetyl-d-glucal, using as key step a diastereoselective thermal Claisen rearrangement, combined with a ring expansion reaction using trimethylsilyldiazomethane.     

Synthesis and pesticidal activity of aminoesters of (+)-α-pinene

Optically active (\t-)-(1R,2R,3R) aminoesters of isopinocampheol (2,6,6-trimethylbicyclo[3.1.1]heptan-3-ol) were synthesized from (+)-α-pinene. The antifidant, juvenoidal, growth-regulating, and herbicidal activities of the newly synthesized compounds were studied. __________ Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 4, pp. 359–362, July–August, 2008.     

Terpenes in organic synthesis 13. Synthesis of s-(+)-methoprene from (+)-β-citronellene

S-(+)-Methoprene (I) was synthesized from (+)--citronellene (III) with an optical purity of about 50%. The optical purity of the key intermediate, S-(–)-7-methoxy-3,7-dimethyl-1-octanol (IV), can be increased by fractional crystallization of the optically active acid phthalate salt (VI) followed by hydrolytic regeneration of alcohol (IV). The yield of (I) at the final synthetic stage can be increased by use of interphase catalysis. S-(+)-Methoprene has a higher morphogenetic activity than the racemic form.For previous communication, see [1].Translated from Izvestiya Akademii Nauk SSSR, Seriya Khimicheskaya, No. 4, pp. 842–846, April, 1991.     

A stereoselective total synthesis of (+)-α-herbertenol

A stereoselective total synthesis of (+)-α-herbertenol starting from the allyl alcohol 12, readily available in three steps from the monoterpene (R)-limonene, is described. Claisen rearrangement of the aryl allyl ether 10 and concomitant cyclisation furnished a 5:3 mixture of the tricyclic compounds 13 and 14. Degradation of the isopropenyl group followed by cleavage of the central ring and functional group manipulation transformed 13 into (+)-α-herbertenol (1b).     

Asymmetric synthesis and biosynthetic implications of (+)-fusarisetin A

Starting from equisetin, the asymmetric synthesis of (+)-fusarisetin?A has been accomplished in a one-pot transformation including a biomimetic oxidation and an intramolecular Diels-Alder/Roskamp reaction. Peroxyfusarisetin is proposed as a plausible biosynthetic intermediate based on studies of the oxidation of equisetin.     

Synthesis of (−)-okundoperoxide and determination of the absolute configuration of natural (+)-okundoperoxide

The first enantioselective synthesis of (3S,4aR,8aR)-1 (the enantiomer of natural okundoperoxide) has been accomplished. The synthesis features: 1) stereoselective installation of the peroxy functionality (16 → 17); 2) ring opening of peroxyacetal and subsequent intramolecular reaction between the hydroperoxide and the vinyl epoxide to form the peroxy six-membered ring (5 → 1). The absolute configuration of okundoperoxide was determined to be 3R,4aS,8aS by comparing specific rotations of the synthetic sample and the natural product.     

First Synthesis of (+)-2,14-Deoxyalatol from -Santonin

IntroductionAlargenumberofthedihydroagarofuransesquiter-penes,isolatedfromCelastraceaeplantshavebeendemonstratedtoexhibitmanyimportantbiologicalac-tivities,suchascytotoxic,1antitumor,2immunosuppres-sive,3insecticided,4anti-HIVactivities,5etc.Therefore,synthesisofthiskindofcompoundshasbeenattractingthegreatinterestoforganicchemists,andsomemethodshavebeenreported.6Theseapproaches,however,areusuallyapplicabletothosecompoundswiththespecialhydroxylgroupnumberand/orspecialhydroxylsubsti-tutionfash…     

Divergent Total Syntheses of (+)-Vulgarisins A–E

The asymmetric total syntheses of (+)-vulgarisins A–E, which share a rare and highly oxygenated [5-6-4-5] tetracyclic core structure that were isolated from P. vulgaris Linn., have been described for the first time in a divergent manner. Key transformations include: 1) a catalytic asymmetric intramolecular cyclopropanation to forge the A ring bearing desired stereochemistry at C14; 2) a one-pot borylation/conjugate addition process for creation of the C1−C11 bond; 3) a Wolff ring contraction to assemble the bicyclo[3.2.0]heptane subunit (CD rings); and 4) a stereocontrolled pinacol cyclization for construction of the central B ring of the natural products.