邻羟基α-叠氮苯乙酮衍生物的合成

以邻羟基苯乙酮衍生物为原料,经溴化反应和叠氮化反应合成了一系列邻羟基α-叠氮苯乙酮衍生物,其结构经1H NMR,13C NMR,IR及HR-MS表征.     

辛弗林衍生物的合成

以苯甲醚为起始原料,与乙酰氯发生付-克酰基化后脱甲基得到4-羟基苯乙酮,然后与液溴进行α-溴代得到2-溴-1-(4-羟苯基)乙酮,再与叔丁胺进行胺化得到1-(4-羟基苯基)-2-(叔丁基氨基)乙酮,最后用氢硼化钠还原合成目标产物1-(4-羟基苯基)-2-(叔丁基氨基)乙醇,总收率约为42.3%。     

取代邻羟基苯乙酮的简便绿色合成

以对甲(氯、溴)苯酚(1a-c)为起始原料经酰化得对甲(氯、溴)苯酚乙酯,再以BF3·2HAc为催化剂无溶剂条件下实现Fries重排,以77.3%-80.4%的收率分别得到了5-甲基(氯、溴)邻羟基苯乙酮(2a-c);应用环境友好的聚乙二醇-400为溶剂,N-氯(溴、碘)代丁二酰亚胺为卤代试剂对邻羟基苯乙酮进行卤代反应,以61.8%-92.4%的收率制备3,5-二氯(溴、碘)邻羟基苯乙酮(4a-c);以邻羟基苯乙酮为原料,硝酸铈铵(CAN)为绿色硝化试剂,分别以29.8%和63.9%的收率得到了3位和5位硝化产物1-(2-羟基-3-硝基苯基)乙酮、1-(2-羟基-5-硝基苯基)乙酮(5a-b)。以上制备过程具有反应条件温和、后处理简单、环境友好等优点,为制备取代邻羟基苯乙酮提供了简单且绿色的新方法。     

2-甲基-4-羟基-6-苯基嘧啶和2-甲基-4-羟基-5-溴-6-苯基嘧啶的高效液相色谱法分离测定

采用ODS-C18色谱柱和紫外检测器,对2-甲基-4-羟基-6-苯基嘧啶和2-甲基-4-羟基-5-溴-6-苯基嘧啶的含量进行HPLC分离测定.以甲醇水=4555为流动相,紫外检测波长为237 nm,样品线性范围为0.001～0.1 mg/mL.2-甲基-4-羟基-6-苯基嘧啶的RSD为0.5%;2-甲基-4-羟基-5-溴-6-苯基嘧啶的RSD为1.0%.     

2-芳基-2-吗啉醇的合成

醇胺分别与2-溴-4′-甲氧基苯乙酮、2-溴-3′-氯苯丙酮、2-溴-4′-苄氧基苯基丙酮、2-溴-4′-苄氧基苯戊酮、6-甲氧基-2-溴乙酰基萘和6-甲氧基-2-(2-溴丙酰基)萘反应,合成相应的2-芳基-2-吗啉醇(产率80.7%～97.5%)及其盐酸盐.其结构经1H NMR,IR,MS确证.     

5,7-二溴-8-羟基喹啉锰配合物催化H_2O_2选择氧化乙苯

设计合成了5,7-二溴-8-羟基喹啉锰的四齿和六齿配合物(Q2MnⅡ和Q3MnⅢ),并用傅里叶变换红外(FT-IR)光谱对两个配合物进行了表征.以醋酸铵和醋酸为助剂,丙酮-水作溶剂,两个锰配合物在室温20℃下能高选择性催化双氧水氧化乙苯制苯乙酮的反应,Q3MnⅢ比Q2MnⅡ具有更高的催化活性和选择性.在优化的反应条件下,乙苯转化率达27%,苯乙酮的选择性95%;而且催化剂稳定性良好,可循环使用三次.     

使用DBDMH和Et3N·3HF的苯乙酮一锅法α-亲核氟代

报道一种通过溴代和氟代的一锅法操作,从苯乙酮直接制备α-氟代苯乙酮的新方法.使用1,3-二溴-5,5-二甲基海因(DBDMH)作为溴代试剂,三乙胺三氟化氢作为氟代试剂,除了p-和m-硝基苯乙酮之外,α-氟代苯乙酮以82%～87%的收率被获得.本方法使用的试剂价廉、收率较高、操作简单方便,有较高的应用价值.     

α-羰酰氧基苯乙酮及α-羟基苯乙酮的制备

以季铵盐为催化剂,由α-溴代苯乙酮合成α-羰酰氧基苯乙酮,然后在碱性条件下,高效制备了α-羟基苯乙酮,转化率和选择性分别为100.0%和91.2%,其结构经¹H NMR确证。      

(±)-5,3’-二羟基-7,8-(2,2-二甲基吡喃)-4’-甲氧基黄烷酮的首次全合成

以廉价的异香草醛和2,4,6-三羟基苯乙酮为起始原料,经过C-异戊烯基化、环化、选择性的保护酚羟基、羟醛缩合、催化环化等步骤,脱保护基,以6.7%的总收率首次完成了天然吡喃型黄烷酮(±)-5,3’-二羟基-7,8-(2,2-二甲基吡喃)-4’-甲氧基黄烷酮的全合成.所有新化合物的结构都经过IR,1H NMR,MS,HRMS确认.     

新型4-羟基香豆素衍生物的合成

以DMSO为溶剂,碳酸二乙酯为酰化试剂,4-取代-2-羟基苯乙酮在氢化钠的催化下,经一步反应合成了7个新型的7-取代-4-羟基香豆素,产率49%~90%,其结构经1H NMR表征。     

利用手持技术改进测定乙醇分子结构实验

利用压强传感器代替排水集气法,改进测定乙醇分子结构实验的仪器装置,并探索最佳反应条件。另外,设计两个空白实验,结合压强变化曲线对实验误差进行相关讨论。     

Neutral diterpenoids of oleoresins of five species of conifers of Transcarpathia

The compositions of the neutral diterpenoids of the oleoresins of five species of conifers growing in the Transcarpathia have been studied. It has been found that the oleoresins ofAbies alba M.,Larix decidua M., andPicea excelsa L. contain more than 50% of neutral diterpenoids. The group and qualitative compositions of the oxygen-containing diterpenoids have been determined. In the oleoresins ofAbies alba,Picea excelsa, andPicea abies tertiary alcohols — cis-abienol and isocembrol — predominate, while inLarix decidua the main component is the hydroxy ester larixyl acetate. Primary alcohols related to the resin acids have been found in all the oleoresins investigated. Features of the distribution of diterpenoids according to the species of conifers have been revealed. The results obtained are necessary for the chemotaxonomy of conifers of the family Pinceae.Novosibirsk Institute of Organic Chemistry, Siberian Branch, Academy of Sciences of the USSR. Translated from Khimiya Prirodynkh Soedinenii, No. 6, pp. 812–816, November–December, 1988.     

非那雄胺合成工艺改进

非那雄胺能抑制5α-还原酶的活性,明显降低二氢睾酮水平,是一种治疗良性前列腺增生的有效药品。该合成工艺以甾烯酮酸为原料,将其与氯化亚砜反应,无须分离即与叔丁胺反应得17β-酰胺化合物,再氧化开环,环合,氢化,脱氢合成了非那雄胺。经元素分析、IR、1HNMR、13CNMR、MS分析表征了其结构。该法无须使用昂贵的2,2-二吡啶二硫化物和剧毒药品苯亚硒酸酐,且以乙酸铵代替氨气,降低了对设备的要求和腐蚀,更适用于工业生产。     

Calculation of enthalpies of hydrogenation of hydrocarbons

Sets of hydrogen molecule equivalents have been developed which permit the calculation of hydrogenation of different types of carbon-carbon bonds from ab initio total energies (3-21G and 6-31G* basis sets, and, to a more limited extent, for MP2/6-31G* data) of reactants and products. The calculated enthalpies of hydrogenation are in good agreement with experiment for unstrained molecules, with average errors on the order of 2 kcal/mol. The 6-31G* equivalents allow the enthalpies for strained molecules to be calculated accurately, but the 3-21G equivalents do not. The equivalents for both basis sets have been tested by calculating the enthalpies of hydrogenation of carbon-carbon bonds in nitrogen- and oxygen-containing organic molecules, free radicals, and classical carbocations. The results are in good agreement with experiment in most cases.     

Neutral diterpenoids of oleoresins of five species of conifers of Transcarpathia

The compositions of the neutral diterpenoids of the oleoresins of five species of conifers growing in the Transcarpathia have been studied. It has been found that the oleoresins ofAbies alba M.,Larix decidua M., andPicea excelsa L. contain more than 50% of neutral diterpenoids. The group and qualitative compositions of the oxygen-containing diterpenoids have been determined. In the oleoresins ofAbies alba,Picea excelsa, andPicea abies tertiary alcohols — cis-abienol and isocembrol — predominate, while inLarix decidua the main component is the hydroxy ester larixyl acetate. Primary alcohols related to the resin acids have been found in all the oleoresins investigated. Features of the distribution of diterpenoids according to the species of conifers have been revealed. The results obtained are necessary for the chemotaxonomy of conifers of the family Pinceae.     

光谱仪测试范围的扩展

由于石化行业的生产需要，其材质的使用具有多样性和广泛性，经常会出现顾客委托的测试样品的一个或几个元素跨越光谱仪现有测试程序测量范围的情况。本法通过对光谱仪测试原理的认识，根据光谱仪的测试能力及标样的采集，实现了一个或几个元素测量范围的扩展，并对其测量的影响因素进行了研究。     

物质分配系数的测定实验改进

实验教学目的是从解决实际问题出发,以实验技术训练和实验设计思想培养为目标。介绍了将单一的物质分配系数测定实验改进为综合实验,提高了实验效果及实验资源利用率。