钛硅分子筛（TS－1）的合成、结构表征及催化性能研究

在不同条件下成功地合成了钛硅分子筛ＴＳ－１，并利用ＩＣＰ－ＡＥＳ、ＸＲＤ、ＦＴ－ＩＲ、ＴＭＥ等手段对所获得的分子筛进行了表征，研究发现，ＴＳ－１分子筛中骨架钛与非骨架锐钛矿的相对含量、晶体结构、晶体粒子的大小、形貌特征等属性与分子筛的合成方法密切相关。并通过氯丙烯环氧化反应研究了获得的ＴＳ－１分子筛的催化活性与合成方法及其结构之间的相互关系。     

钛硅分子筛TS-1合成晶化气氛的影响

考察了不同晶化气氛(N2、H2、A ir、O2)对合成钛硅分子筛TS-1的影响,用XRD、IR和N2吸附/脱附对所合成的钛硅分子筛进行结构表征,发现在H2气氛下合成的TS-1结晶度最高,锐钛矿的含量最少;O2气氛下合成的TS-1中锐钛矿含量最高.以氯丙烯氧化为模型反应,考察了不同晶化气氛下合成的钛硅分子筛的催化活性和双氧水的利用效率.结果表明,在H2气氛下所合成的钛硅分子筛的双氧水的利用效率最高.     

钛硅分子筛的结构表征及催化性能研究

以ＴＰＡＢｒ为模板剂，氨水等为碱源合成了钛硅分子筛ＴＳ－１，并利用ＸＲＤ，ＩＲ，元素分析，ＵＶ－ＶＩＳ，热分析等手段对合成的分子筛进行了表征，通过丙烯环氧化反应合成的ＴＳ－１催化性能。结果结果，ＴＳ－１凝胶与产品的硅钛与基本一致；随着硅钛比的降低，ＴＳ－１由单斜晶系过渡为正交晶系，在硅钛比为１２９－１６．７的范围内，随着进入骨架的钛量增加，单胞体积增大；     

TS-1分子筛的无机法合成及其催化苯酚羟基化性能

以无机固体硅胶和硫酸钛为原料,利用无机盐在多孔载体表面自发分散的基本原理,通过热处理先形成具有类似于钛硅分子筛Si-O-Ti键的无机SiO2-TiO2前驱体,然后以四丙基氢氧化铵为模板剂,通过水热晶化成功合成了TS-1分子筛.X射线衍射、傅里叶变换红外光谱和紫外-可见光谱表征表明,SiO2-TiO2前驱体中钛主要呈高分散状态,其中高分散的钛在水热晶化过程中基本进入了TS-1分子筛骨架,而以锐钛矿相存在的钛则基本不变.当SiO2-TiO2前驱体处理温度为450℃,SiO2/TiO2摩尔比为40,晶化温度为160～170℃,晶化时间为48～72h时,合成的TS-1分子筛对苯酚羟基化反应的催化活性最好,与经典有机法合成的TS-1分子筛的催化活性相当.     

硅源及晶化时间对SAPO—5分子筛模板剂,酸性及催化性能的影响

改变硅源和晶化时间合成了系列ＳＡＰＯ－５分子筛，用原位红外光谱和ＮＨ３－ＴＰＤ研究了不同样品的酸碱性，用ＴＧ－ＤＴＡ和ＭＡＳ ＮＭＲ考察了硅源及晶化时间对分子筛模板剂的影响，评价了不同样品对正己烷裂解的催化活性。结果表明，ＳＡＰＯ－５分子筛孔道不仅与模板剂的胺基有作用，而且与其甲基也有作用。以硅凝胶为硅源时，在４８ｈ内，延长晶化时间可使分子筛中硅含量和强酸中心数目增加，低温下正己烷裂解活性提高；晶     

硅源及晶化时间对SAPO-5分子筛模板剂、酸性及催化性能的影响

改变硅源和晶化时间合成了系列ＳＡＰＯ５分子筛．用原位红外光谱和ＮＨ３ＴＰＤ研究了不同样品的酸碱性，用ＴＧＤＴＡ和ＭＡＳＮＭＲ考察了硅源及晶化时间对分子筛模板剂的影响，评价了不同样品对正己烷裂解的催化活性．结果表明，ＳＡＰＯ５分子筛孔道不仅与模板剂的胺基有作用，而且与其甲基也有作用．以硅凝胶为硅源时，在４８ｈ内，延长晶化时间可使分子筛中硅含量和强酸中心数目增加，低温下正己烷裂解活性提高；晶化７２ｈ时，分子筛的酸性减弱，正己烷裂解活性降低．以正硅酸乙酯为硅源时，延长晶化时间可使ＳＡＰＯ５的酸性增强，正己烷裂解性能提高．     

以TiCl4醇溶液作钛源在水热体系中合成钛硅分子筛TS-1

钛硅分子筛ＴＳ－１的制备研究是催化领域的一个热点,采用异丙醇为溶剂调节ＴｉＣｌ４的水解活性,并对其为钛源在ＴＰＡＢｒ（四丙基溴化铵）－ＮＨ４ＯＨ体系中合成出了晶粒尺寸为３＊２μｍ的钛硅分子筛ＴＳ－１,用ＸＲＤ、ＩＲ、ＵＶ－Ｖｉｓ、ＳＥＭ等手段对所制备的样品进行了表征。通过对不同溶剂所起的作用的对比,发现醇溶剂分子的体积对钛硅分子筛的合成及着重要影响,其中异丙醇的使用能够有效的降低ＴｉＣｌ４的水解活性,使其与硅源的性质相匹配并促进沸石骨架上钛原子的引入;制得的分子筛ＴＳ－１在丙烯与过氧化氢的环氧化反应中表现出优异的催化性能。     

TS-1分子筛骨架钛原子引入过程的研究

采用廉价的四丙基溴化铵（ＴＰＡＢｒ）为模板剂合成了ＴＳ１分子筛．在晶化过程中,运用ＸＲＤ,ＩＣＰ,ＩＲ,２９ＳｉＭＡＳＮＭＲ和ＵＶＶｉｓ光谱等表征手段,系统地研究了钛原子引入分子筛骨架的机制,观察到钛原子随分子筛的形成同步进入骨架的规律．另外,尽管在晶化初期固相中没有ＴｉＯ２结晶出现,但存在分散态的ＴｉＯｘ物种．随晶化时间的延长,液相中钛物种之间聚合的几率增加,使固相中ＴｉＯ２晶体不断形成．     

TS-2钛硅分子筛合成原料和方法的改进

以硅溶胶为硅源,钛酸四丁酯为钛源,四丁基氢氧化铵（ＴＢＡＯＨ）为模板剂,采用改进的方法合成了高结晶度的ＴＳ２分子筛,并对所合成样品用ＦＴＩＲ,ＸＲＤ,ＳＥＭ,２９ＳｉＭＡＳＮＭＲ,ＩＣＰ和Ｎ２吸附等方法进行了结构表征．实验中发现原料内添加适量氨水可使产品晶粒减小,骨架钛含量增加,比表面积和孔容增大,有利于提高其催化活性．另外,将晶化后母液中的ＴＢＡＯＨ循环使用,也能得到结晶度高和催化性能良好的ＴＳ２．采用本文推荐的合成原料和方法可大幅度降低ＴＳ２的合成成本     

TS—2钛硅分子筛合成原料和方法的改进

以硅溶胶为硅源,钛酸四丁酯为钛源,四丁基氢氧化铵（ＴＢＡＯＨ）为模板剂,采用改进的方法合成了高结晶度的ＴＳ－２分子筛,并对所合成样品用ＦＴ－ＩＲ,ＸＲＤ,ＳＥＭ,＾２９Ｓｉ ＭＡＳ ＮＭＲ,ＩＣＰ和Ｎ２吸附等方法进行了结构表征。实验中发现原料内添加适量氨水可使产品晶粒减小,骨架钛含量增加,比表面积和孔容增大,有利于提高其催化活性。另外,将晶化后母液中的ＴＢＡＯＨ循环使用,也能得到结晶度和催化性能良     

在无定形二氧化钛上生长纳米钛硅分子筛催化剂

尺寸在1～100nm之间的材料称为纳米材料.纳米材料中表面分子占很大比例,由此产生了不同于常规材料的各种特殊性能.纳米材料在很多领域得到广泛的研究和应用.很多研究者发现纳米结构的催化剂有着与常规催化剂不同的催化活性和选择性.沸石分子筛催化剂是一种结晶的多孔物质,其孔径一般小于1 nm.     

含钛USY沸石的制备与表征

采用钛酸丁酯/无水乙醇溶液与USY沸石浸渍及采用氟钛酸铵溶液与USY沸石二次合成等方法,制备了一系列含钛USY沸石。通过XRD,FT-Raman光谱,正庚烷吸附等温线,UV-DRS及FT-IR光谱等手段的表征,表明在所制备的含钛USY沸石样品中,当Ti含量较小(≤4.8%TiO~2)时,Ti是以高分散状态分布在沸石表面。不同制备方法所得含钛USY沸石样品中,Ti的状态是各不相同的。UV-DRS和FT-IR证实,以二次合成法制备的含钛USY沸石样品中,Ti主要处于沸石骨架位;而以钛酸丁酯/无水乙醇溶液浸渍法制备的样品,Ti是以单齿(monofunctional)和双齿(bifunctional)形式与沸石的表面羟基相结合。     

Single-phase titania nanocrystallites and nanofibers from titanium tetrachloride in acetone and other ketones

Single-phase titania nanomaterials were prepared by autoclaving titanium tetrachloride in acetone at 80-140 degrees C. Depending on the molar ratio of TiCl4 to acetone (TiCl4/Ac), TiO2 materials with different phases and morphologies were obtained. When the TiCl4 concentration was no higher than TiCl4/Ac=1/15, single-phase anatase TiO2 nanocrystals in sizes ranging from 4 to 10 nm were prepared by tuning TiCl4/Ac ratios from 1/90 to 1/15. However, when the TiCl4 concentration was high enough (e.g., TiCl4/Ac>or=1/10), single-phase rutile TiO2 nanofibers were obtained selectively. The materials were characterized comprehensively using X-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy, Raman spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, and nitrogen adsorption measurements. With the aid of GC/MS analysis of organic products in the liquid phase, it is shown that the controlled hydrolysis of TiCl4 with water, which was in situ generated from the TiCl4-catalyzed aldol condensation reactions of acetones, played an important role in the formation of the titania nanomaterials. Some of the organic condensates may function to stabilize the phase and morphology of the materials. This mechanism was also supported by our success in using other ketones as alternatives to acetone in the synthesis.     

A New Method for Preparing Ti-Si Mixed Oxides

Ti-Si mixed oxides with different TiO2 content were prepared by sol-gel one step hydrolysis, using TiCl4 as the precursor. The samples were characterized by BET, FT-IR and XRD. The results indicated that titanium is in fourfold coordination with oxygen in the SiO4^4- in mixed oxides, form the bond of Ti-O-Si, and the low titania materials are mixed on an atomic scale.The phase of anatase appeared when TiO2 content is up to 80%. The mixed oxides had high specific surface areas up to 681.5 m^2/g. 10TiSi is a better support than SiO2 in the reaction of CO oxidation.     

Titanium-containing zeolites and microporous molecular sieves as photovoltaic solar cells.

Four titanium-containing zeolites and microporous molecular sieves differing on the crystal structure and particle size (Ti/Beta, Ti/Beta-60, TS-1 and ETS-10) are prepared, and their activity for solar cells after incorporating N3 (a commercially available ruthenium polypyridyl dye) is tested. All the zeolites exhibit photovoltaic activity, and the photoresponse is quite independent of the zeolite pore dimensions or particle size. The photoresponse increases with titanium content in the range 1-7% wt. In this way, cells are obtained that have open-circuit voltage Voc=560 mV and maximum short-circuit photocurrent density Isc=100 microA, measured for 1x1 cm2 surfaces with a solar simulator at 1000 W through and AM 1.5 filter. These values are promising and comparable to those obtained for current dye-sensitized titania solar cells.     

The Effect of Al~(3 ), Na~ , NH_4~ on Ti Content in the Preparation of Ti-ZSM-5

TitaniLlm-Silicalite(TS)'which\\'astirstsynthesizedbyTaramassoinl983'.isacatalyst`"ithquiterelnarkabIepr0pertiesil1theshape-selective0xidationoforganicc0mpounds``ithaqtleousH=O,.Duri11gtherece11tdecade.m0repapers0ntl1ehydrothermals}nthesisofTSwerereported:;'.MostoftI1eiraimsweretosearcl1cheapertemplates.buttherewerelbwpapersab0[lttI1egas-solidison10rph0ussubstitution.nan1el}secondar}'s}'nthesiswl1ichwasagoodwayofobtail1ingcheaperTS.lnthispaper,weshowedtheetTect0fAl3'.NH"andNa'0ntheTico…     

纳米TiO2低温水解法的晶型控制合成及其表面织构的研究

分别以TiCl₄，Ti(NO₃)₄和Ti(SO₄)₂为前驱体，在低温和强酸性条件下，通过水解反应可控地合成了具有不同晶相组成，且比表面积较高的纳米TiO₂，并用XRD，TEM和N₂^-吸附脱附技术对其晶相、粒径大小、形貌及比表面积进行了表征。结果表明，钛离子在有Cl^-、NO₃^-存在的酸性溶液中水解，水解温度≤80 ℃，可以生成结晶良好的具有细小晶粒尺寸和较高比表面积的金红石型纳米TiO₂粉体，水解温度>80 ℃，反而有锐钛矿型TiO₂生成，而在有SO₄^2-存在的酸性溶液中，TiO₂样品的晶相组成不随水解温度的变化而改变，均为锐钛矿型，其比表面积可达300 m²·g^-1。     

多重射流燃烧反应制备的TiO2/ SiO2纳米复合颗粒的形态和结构

TiO₂-SiO₂ nanocomposite particles were prepared in premixed H₂ / Air flame, and the morphology and structure of these nanocomposites were characterized by FTIR, XRD, TEM and HRTEM. The morphology of SiO₂ / TiO₂ nanocomposites was different from that of pure TiO₂ or SiO₂ nanoparticles, and the chemical bond of Ti-O-Si was found in the nanocomposites indicating that the TiO₂ / SiO₂ nanocomposites were not merely a physical mixture of TiO₂ and SiO₂. TiO₂ nanocrystalline grains with sizes of 1～2 nm were homogeneously dispersed in the amorphous SiO₂ matrix when TiCl₄ and SiCl₄ were mixed at molecular level in the flame. The particle size and rutile content decreased with increasing of SiO₂ molar ratio.