吡唑/草酸根混合配位的非对称双核铜配合物磁性的理论研究

基于密度泛函理论结合对称性破损态方法,选择不同的泛函方法和基组研究吡唑/草酸根混合配位的非对称双核铜配合物的磁学性质。结果表明,在B3LYP/def2-TZVP水平计算的磁耦合常数为-127.24cm~(-1),与实验值-129cm~(-1)基本吻合,可准确描述吡唑/草酸根混合配位的非对称双核铜配合物的磁学性质。磁轨道和自旋布居分析表明,顺磁中心Cu(Ⅱ)与桥联配体草酸根离子间存在较强的轨道相互作用,其磁轨道主要由顺磁中心Cu(Ⅱ)的3d_x2_(-y)2轨道、桥联配体草酸根离子的π键组成,顺磁中心Cu(Ⅱ)主要是自旋离域机理。配合物磁性与结构关系的研究表明,随着结构参数τ的增加,顺磁中心HS态和BS态自旋密度的平方差和自然磁轨道间重叠积分的平方随之增大,反铁磁性相互作用的贡献增大,配合物磁耦合常数J值减小。     

叠氮/吡啶苯甲酸氮氧化物共配叠氮铜配合物磁学性质理论研究

基于DFT-BS方法，采用不同泛函和基组研究了叠氮/吡啶苯甲酸氮氧化物共配叠氮铜配合物[Cu（4,3-opybz）(μ-N₃)]_n的磁学性质.结果表明，在B3P86/TZVP水平下计算的磁耦合常数(48.20 cm^-1)与实验值(49.70 cm^-1)最吻合，可准确描述其磁学性质.磁轨道分析表明，Cu（Ⅱ）离子的未成对电子主要集中在3d_x²-y²轨道上.顺磁中心与桥联配体间存在强轨道相互作用，其磁轨道主要来源于顺磁中心Cu（1）和Cu（2）的3d_x²-y²轨道、吡啶苯甲酸氮氧化物桥联配体羧酸根离子的离域π键和叠氮配体的p轨道.顺磁中心Cu（Ⅱ）主要是自旋离域机理，顺磁中心的自旋离域作用使得与其配位的原子获得了少量的自旋电子.     

同结构Gd~ⅢM~Ⅱ(M=Cu,Ni,Co,Fe,Mn)配合物磁性理论研究

基于DFT-BS方法,在不同泛函方法和基组下计算[Cu~ⅡGd~Ⅲ{PyCO(OEt) Py C(OH)(OEt)Py}_3]~(2+)及3d-Gd异金属双核配合物的磁耦合常数,结果表明,PBE0/TZVP(Gd为SARC-ZDRA-TZVP)水平可用于描述其磁学性质。顺磁中心Cu~Ⅱ、Gd~Ⅲ与桥联配位氧原子间存在较强的轨道相互作用,其磁轨道主要由Gd~Ⅲ的4fI_(z~3)、4f_(z(x~2-y~2))轨道、Cu~Ⅰ的3d_(x~2-y~2)轨道和桥联配位原子O的p轨道组成。顺磁中心Cu~Ⅱ离子以自旋离域作用为主,Gd~Ⅲ离子以自旋极化作用为主,顺磁中心Cu~Ⅱ自旋离域作用对桥联氧原子的影响大于顺磁中心Gd~Ⅲ的自旋极化作用。在同结构3d-Gd配合物中,随着M~Ⅱ离子未成对电子的增加,顺磁中心间ρ~2_(HS)-ρ~2_(BS)越大,顺磁中心M~Ⅱ和Gd~Ⅲ之间的反铁磁性贡献越大,其磁耦合常数越小。     

氧桥联GdNi双核配合物磁性与结构关系理论研究

基于密度泛函理论结合对称性破损态方法(DFT-BS),相对论效应选择DKH2,运用不同的密度泛函和基组对GdNi双核配合物[Ni(3-MeOsaltn)(MeOH)(ac)Gd(hfac)_2]的磁性质进行研究。结果显示,B3LYP泛函计算的结果与实验数据非常吻合,能够准确描述Gd Ni双核配合物的磁性质。磁轨道和自旋布居分析表明,顺磁中心Gd~Ⅲ主要是自旋极化作用,顺磁中心Ni~Ⅱ主要是自旋离域作用。顺磁中心Gd~Ⅲ、Ni~Ⅱ与桥联氧原子之间存在较强的轨道相互作用。磁轨道主要由顺磁中心Ni~Ⅱ的3dz2和3dx2-y2轨道、酚氧桥联配体中氧原子的2pz轨道、醋酸桥中氧原子的2pz轨道和顺磁中心Gd~Ⅲ的4fxyz、4fz2x轨道组成。随着Gd-O-Ni键角的增大,顺磁中心HS态和BS态自旋密度的平方差随之减小,反铁磁性相互作用的贡献减小,配合物磁耦合常数增大。     

同结构GdIIIMII(M=Cu，Ni，Co，Fe，Mn)配合物磁性理论研究

基于DFT-BS方法,在不同泛函方法和基组下计算[CuIIGdIII{pyCO(OEt)py C(OH)(OEt)py}3]2+及3d-Gd异金属配合物的磁耦合常数,结果表明,PBE0/TZVP(Gd为SARC-DKH-TZVP)水平可用于描述其磁学性质。顺磁中心CuII、GdIII与桥联配位氧原子间存在较强的轨道相互作用,其磁轨道主要由GdIII的4fz3、4fz(x2-y2)轨道、CuII的3dx2-y2轨道和桥联配位原子O的p轨道组成。顺磁中心CuII离子以自旋离域作用为主,GdIII离子以自旋极化作用为主,顺磁中心CuII自旋离域作用对桥联氧原子的影响大于顺磁中心GdIII的自旋极化作用。在同结构3d-Gd配合物中,随着MII离子未成对电子的增加,顺磁中心间自旋密度平方差越大,顺磁中心MII和GdIII之间的反铁磁性贡献越大,其磁耦合常数越小。     

羧酸桥对反铁磁性EO叠氮铜双核配合物磁性影响的理论研究

基于密度泛函理论结合对称性破损态(DFT-BS)方法,运用不同的密度泛函和基组对反铁磁性EO叠氮铜双核配合物[Cu2(dmpe)2(μ1,1-N3)2(CH3COO)]+的磁性质进行研究.结果显示,杂化泛函计算的结果与实验数据非常吻合,能够准确描述反铁磁性EO叠氮铜双核配合物的磁性质.磁轨道分析表明,配合物中存在3个磁通道(2个叠氮桥、1个羧酸桥),磁通道中N原子、O原子与顺磁中心二价铜离子间都存在p d轨道重叠,对体系反铁磁性耦合相互作用都有贡献.从自旋布居分布角度来看,该配合物中顺磁中心间主要是自旋离域作用.配合物中羧酸桥传递强反铁磁性相互作用,使得顺磁中心间磁轨道的重叠增加,体系的反铁磁性相互作用增强.     

草酸根桥联双核铜(Ⅱ)体系的磁耦合机理

应用密度泛函理论,采用对称性破损方法分析了草酸根桥联双核铜(Ⅱ)体系的磁耦合机理。在该双核体系中,两铜(Ⅱ)原子的自旋布居大小相等,符号相反,磁中心间的作用为反铁磁耦合。草酸根桥配体向磁中心的电子转移使得铜(Ⅱ)原子的自旋显著离域,这种离域有利于反铁磁耦合,草酸根桥配体中的碳原子上出现自旋极化。当铜(Ⅱ)原子的配位环境由平面四方形向四面体或四方锥变化时,反铁磁耦合的强度减弱。体系的沿前轨道主要由铜(Ⅱ)原子d轨道和配体原子p轨道构成,这种构成利于草酸根桥配体与磁中心之间的电子转移。     

酚氧/苯甲酸共配Fe~ⅢNi~Ⅱ双核配合物磁学性质理论研究

基于DFT-BS方法,在不同泛函和基组下研究酚氧/苯甲酸共配Fe~ⅢNi~Ⅱ双核配合物[Fe~Ⅲ(OBz)(L_1)Ni~Ⅱ(H_2O)(μ-OBz)]~+的磁学性质.结果表明,在B3LYP*/def2-TZVP水平下计算的磁耦合常数为0.45 cm~(-1),与实验值0.50 cm~(-1)最吻合,可准确描述其磁学性质.自旋布居分析和分子磁轨道分析显示,顺磁中心Fe~Ⅲ和Ni~Ⅱ主要为自旋离域机理.顺磁中心Fe~Ⅲ,Ni~Ⅱ与桥联配体间存在强的轨道相互作用,其磁轨道贡献主要来自顺磁中心Fe~Ⅲ的3d_(x~2-y~2)轨道/3d_(z~2)轨道/3d_(yz)轨道、Ni~Ⅱ的3d_(x~2-y~2)轨道/3d_(z~2)轨道、苯甲酸的π轨道和酚氧桥联配体O原子的p轨道.磁构关系研究表明,随Fe—O—Ni键角θ的增大,顺磁中心Fe~Ⅲ和Ni~Ⅱ自旋密度减小,其顺磁中心间的磁耦合常数减小,当Fe—O—Ni键角θ95.69°时,顺磁中心间的磁相互作用由铁磁性相互作用向反铁磁性相互作用转变.     

铜(Ⅱ)氮氧自由基配合物铁磁耦合机理的理论研究

用密度泛函理论结合对称性破损态方法对氮氧双自由基以及铜(Ⅱ)-氮氧自由基配合物的磁耦合常数进行了计算.结果表明铜(Ⅱ)-氮氧自由基配合物为铁磁耦合.对配合物磁轨道进行了分析,表明体系的铁磁耦合作用主要来自于Cu离子的轨道与自由基的π^*轨道正交.自旋密度分布分析显示:在氮氧自由基与金属铜两个自旋耦合片的自旋耦合主要来自于中心Cu离子的轨道电子向氮氧自由基上的π^*轨道的电子转移,这一电子特征的变化引起的自旋离域在Cu离子和氮氧自由基片的铁磁耦合中起到了重要的作用.     

氧桥联稀土钆双核配合物磁学性质的密度泛函理论研究

采用密度泛函理论结合对称性破损态方法,选用氧桥联稀土钆双核配合物为研究对象,通过与实验值比较,探讨了不同泛函与基组对计算磁耦合常数的影响.结果表明,在B3LYP/TZV水平下(Gd为SARC-TZV),相对论效应采用DHK2方法,计算结果与实验测量值-0.022 5cm~(-1)最接近.不同体系测试结果显示,可在该水平下预测新合成稀土钆双核配合物的磁学性质.Mulliken自旋密度分析可知磁中心Gd以自旋极化为主.键级分析表明,2个磁中心之间的磁耦合作用通过桥联氧原子的超交换作用实现.分子磁轨道分析显示2个磁中心间存在较强的轨道相互作用,其磁轨道主要是由钆原子的4f_z~3,4f_z~2_x轨道和桥联氧原子的2pz轨道组成.     

Magnetic interactions in two heterobridged dinuclear copper(II) complexes: orbital complementarity or countercomplementarity?

The mechanisms of magnetic exchange interactions in two heterobridged mu-hydroxyl-mu-X dicopper complexes A and B (X = azaindole for A and X = pyrazole for B) are investigated by the calculations based on density functional theory combined with the broken-symmetry approach (DFT-BS). It is found that although the coordination circumstances of the copper centers in the two complexes are very similar, the magnetic magnitudes and signs are diametrically opposed. By the theoretical analyses of magnetic orbital interaction and spin distribution, it is indicated that the difference between the magnetic properties of the two complexes is due to the distinction of orbital interaction of two bridge ligands. Namely, the weak ferromagnetic coupling for complex A arises from the orbital countercomplementarity of the hydroxo and azaindole bridges while the strong antiferromagnetic coupling for complex B arises from the orbital complementarity of the hydroxo and pyrazolato bridges.     

The syntheses,crystal structure and magnetic behavior of μ-imidazolato-dicopper(II) complexes with the dinucleating hexaazamacrocycles

The synthesis, crystal structure and magnetic properties of the imidazolate-bridged dinuclear copper(II) complex [LCu2(Im)](ClO4)3(H2O) ·1/2(MeCN), (ImH=imidazole, L=bis-p-xylylBISDIEN) have been studied. Single crystal X-ray diffraction determination reveals the distorted square planar geometries of the imidazolate bridged dicopper(II) center are incorporated within the dinucleating macrocycle. The Cu—Cu separation in the complex is 6.005Å. Magnetic measurements reveal an antiferromagnetic exchange interaction with a coupling constant of J=–26.52cm–1. The enzymatic activity of the title complex is 5.9 percent of that of the protein.     

A theoretical analysis of the explanation of the significant differences in antiferromagnetic interactions between homologous μ-alkoxo and acetate bridged dicopper(II) complexes: ab initio and semi-empirical calculations

A magnetostructural classification of dimmers, containing the Cu (μ-alkoxo) Cu core, based on data obtained from X-ray diffraction analysis reported in the literature has been performed. In these complexes, the local geometry around the copper ions is generally a square planar and each copper ion is surrounded by one N atom and three O atoms. The influence of the overlap interactions between the bridging ligands and the metal (Cu) d orbitals on the super-exchange coupling constant has been studied by means of ab initio Restricted Hatree–Fock molecular orbital calculations. The interaction between the magnetic d orbitals and highest occupied molecular orbitals of the acetate oxygens has been investigated in homologous μ-acetato-bridged dicopper(II) complexes which have significantly different −2J values (the energy separation between the spin-triplet and spin-singlet states). In order to determine the nature of the fronter orbitals, Extended Hückel molecular Orbital calculations are also reported. Ab initio restricted Hartree–Fock calculations have shown that the acetato bridge and the alkoxide bridge contribute to the magnetic interaction countercomplementarily to reduce antiferromagnetic interaction.     

Theoretical Studies on the Spin Exchange Interaction in Copper(II) Complexes Coordinated with Nitronyl Nitroxide

In the recent years, a wide variety of transition metal complexes with the nitronyl radical ligands have been reported1,2. These systems display the various magnetic behaviors (ferro- or antiferro-magnetism) between the unpaired electrons on the radical ligands and on the paramagnetic metal ion center. However, few theoretical studies on the metal-radical complexes were reported and quite few are known about the nature of the exchange coupling interactions. In this work, we are interested i…     

密度泛函理论在分子磁学中的应用2.混合桥联三核镍配合物自旋交换作用

用密度泛函理论结合对称性破损方法(DFF-BS)研究了混合桥联三核镍配合物的磁交换耦合作用．这类化合物是由三唑和异硫氰酸根桥联形成的混合桥配合物．计算表明,在标题化合物中,三唑桥传递反铁磁耦合作用,而异硫氰酸根桥传递铁磁耦合作用;并且,随着异硫氰酸根取代三唑桥的数目增加,配合物的铁磁作用增强,在一定意义上说明了混合桥磁耦合作用的加合性．Mulliken自旋布居分析表明,无论是三唑桥还是异硫氰酸根桥,它们的磁交换作用机理都是磁中心的自旋离域．分子磁轨道分析显示,对于三唑桥,在局域磁轨道之间存在着强的轨道作用,导致了反铁磁耦合;对于异硫氰酸根桥,局域磁轨道之间弱的相互作用,表现了铁磁耦合作用．对标题化合物的研究说明了DFF-BS方法可用于三核体系磁交换作用的研究．     

Magnetic coupling in dinuclear Gd complexes

A spin density functional (SDFT) study of carboxylate-bridged and diazenido-bridged dinuclear gadolinium compounds is presented. Calculated magnetic coupling constants for the carboxylate-bridged structures are in good agreement with experimental data, confirming the ability of the broken symmetry approach used in this work to predict magnetic behavior in such compounds. The systematic trend wherein symmetrically bridged complexes are antiferromagnetically coupled and asymmetrically bridged are ferromagnetically coupled is reproduced by the SDFT calculations. The mechanism underlying magnetic coupling in closed- and open-shell dinuclear complexes is described using a perturbative molecular orbital model that focuses the influence of the 4f(7)-5d exchange interaction on molecular orbitals with significant 5d-orbital character for the complex [[[(Me(3)Si)(2)N](2)(thf)Gd](2)(N(2))]. Open-shell electronic configurations facilitate strong ferromagnetic coupling, whereas in closed-shell systems antiferromagnetic coupling is usually preferred.     

密度泛函理论研究稀土配合物的磁学性质：Y^III，Gd^III-氮氧自由基配合物磁耦合机理

应用密度泛函理论结合对称性破损方法（DFT－BS）研究了Y^III-,Gd^III-氮氧自由基配合物,Ln（hfac）3（NITPhOCH3）2（Ln=Y^III1,Gd^III2,hafc=hexafluoroacetylacetonate）（NITPhOCH3=4＇-methoxyo—phenyl-4,4,5,5-tetramethylimidazoline-1-oxyl-3-oxide）．这两个配合物的中心离子分别是抗磁性的Y^III和顺磁性的Gd^III.它们各自被两个氮氧自由基配位,形成一个两自旋中心和一个三自旋中心的磁性分子体系．分子磁轨道分析显示,在这两个配合物的氮氧自由基之间的反铁磁耦合作用中,Y^III和Gd^III离子空的4d／5d轨道扮演了磁耦合的传递作用．对于Gd^III和自由基配体之间的铁磁耦合作用,通过半充满的4厂壳层和自由基的NO（π^＊）局域磁轨道的重叠积分计算显示,它们之间的轨道重叠非常小．磁轨道分析和自旋布居分析也显示Gd^III收缩的4广轨道和NO（π^＊）局域磁轨道都相当定域,所以我们认为这种铁磁性耦合主要是由于Gd^III的4f^7轨道与NO（π^＊）局域磁轨道近乎完全定域的结果．     

Ferromagnetic exchange in two dicopper(II) complexes using a mu-alkoxo-mu-7-azaindolate bridge

Syntheses, structures, and magnetic properties of two heterobridged mu-alkoxo-mu-7-azaindolate dicopper(II) complexes, [Cu(II)2(L-F)(mu-C7H5N2)] (1) and [Cu(II)2(L-H)(mu-C7H5N2)].CH3OH (2) (H3L-F = 1,3-bis(3-fluorosalicylideneamino)-2-propanol; H3L-H = 1,3-bis(salicylideneamino)-2-propanol) have been reported. Aside from being a new type of heterobridged complex, 1 and 2 exhibit ferromagnetic interaction (2J = 52 cm(-1) for 1 and 33.4 cm(-1) for 2) despite orbital complementarity (7-azaindolate HOMO is antisymmetric).