纳米钛富集水样重金属镉-胶体金免疫层析法快速检测方法的建立

研究了纳米TiO2分离富集水样中痕量镉的最佳反应条件,应用自制抗Cd(Ⅱ)-iEDTA(Isothiocya-nobenzyi-EDTA)螯合物的单克隆抗体,建立了快速检测环境水样中重金属镉残留的胶体金免疫层析法。采用纳米钛富集水样中的痕量镉,用洗脱剂将吸附的镉离子洗脱后,再采用胶体金免疫层析法快速判断镉离子浓度,进而分析水样中的重金属镉含量。结果表明,pH 9.0时,Cd可被纳米TiO2定量富集,吸附于纳米TiO2上的镉离子可用0.1 mol/L的EDTA.2Na(乙二胺四乙酸二钠)溶液定量脱附。在优化实验条件下,纳米TiO2对Cd的吸附容量为14.7 mg/g,富集倍数可达50倍。制备了比色法判定结果的胶体金试纸条,并建立了纳米TiO2富集-胶体金试纸条联用检测方法。对实测样品的检测耗时约90 min,该方法对Cd的定量下限可达5μg/L,适用于环境水样的检测。     

水中重金属离子电富集样品处理技术

提出了一种低浓度重金属离子溶液的快速富集净化处理方法。目标金属离子首先络合为负离子,在正电压牵引下,金属络合离子到达离子膜表面,在膜表面阴离子层吸引下通过阳离子交换膜,并在受体溶液中再次络合为阴离子络合物,在电场作用下向阳极区移动。富集电流为1.5mA,汞离子、镉离子的富集时间分别为20,60min,水样中汞离子、镉离子的富集倍数分别为10.5,3.2倍。本方法避免了液膜稳定性缺陷。     

PAN-S浸渍树脂富集方波溶出法测定痕量的铅、镉、铜和锌

用1-(2-吡啶偶氮)-2-萘酚-6-磺酸(PAN-S)水溶液处理201×7强碱性阴离子交换树脂,制备了具有PAN-S功能团的浸渍树脂。经过最佳条件选择,在同一水样中,可以同时富集Pb2 、Cu2 、Zn2 、Cd2 。实验结果表明,PAN-S树脂用于痕量元素的分离富集具有交换速度快、易于洗脱、富集倍数大、选择性好等优点。建立了PAN-S树脂富集-分离铅、镉、铜和锌离子的方波溶出法的测定方法,并可用于海水中的测定,结果令人满意。     

在线固相萃取富集反相液相色谱法测定水中的铅、镉、汞、银

研究了用色谱柱在线固相萃取富集,二极管矩阵检测器检测,反相液相色谱法测定水中铅、镉、汞和银的方法。水样中的铅、镉、汞和银用四-(对氨基苯基)-卟啉(T4APP)柱前衍生后,样品通过富集柱富集,然后切换六通转换阀改变流向,用流动相反向洗脱让显色产物洗下并通过分析柱分离,用二极管矩阵检测器检测。该方法用于测定水样中低含量的铅、镉、汞和银,结果令人满意。     

8—羟基喹啉—酚酞—改性聚氨酯泡沫塑料分离富集水中微量镉的研究

本文研究了８－羟基喹啉－酚酞负载在开孔聚氨酯泡沫塑料，用于水样中痕量镉的富集和原子吸收法测定，考察了振荡平衡时间（或流速）水相酸度和干扰元素的影响，提出一种新的快速富集－ＡＡＳ方法，水样中痕量镉可定量回收。     

氨丙基硅三烷改性介孔二氧化硅及对痕量镉(Ⅱ)的分离富集性能研究

以氨丙基硅三烷作为改性剂,对介孔二氧化硅表面进行修饰,制备了氨基化介孔二氧化硅吸附材料,采用透射电镜和傅立叶红外光谱仪对其进行表征,并用于水样中痕量镉的富集,建立了氨基化介孔二氧化硅分离预富集/火焰原子吸收光谱法测定痕量镉的方法。考察了溶液pH值、样品流速、洗脱剂类型、干扰离子和吸附容量等对痕量镉分离富集的影响,以及该吸附材料对痕量镉(Ⅱ)的吸附性能。结果表明,溶液pH 7.0,样品流速8 m L/min时镉离子能被制备材料高效吸附,吸附的镉(Ⅱ)用5.0 m L 2 mol/L HNO_3完全洗脱,火焰原子吸收法测定。在最佳实验条件下,方法的线性范围为0.6~20 ng/m L,定量下限为0.5 ng/m L,富集倍数为50倍,对10 ng/m L Cd2+测定的相对标准偏差(n=11)为0.92%,加标回收率为98.8%~104.5%。该方法的抗干扰能力较好,富集柱可循环使用12次以上,可用于环境水样中镉(Ⅱ)的测定。     

离子液体[Bmim]PF6萃取-火焰原子吸收法测定水中痕量镉

1引言化学工业排放的废水含有大量金属镉,对环境产生严重危害,因而环境水样中痕量镉的准确测定具有重要意义。目前,常用原子吸收光谱法[1]测定痕量的镉,但由于环境水样中镉的含量低且样品复杂,为了提高分析方法的灵敏度和选择性,样品的预分离与富集至关重要。液-液萃取是一种常用的预分离与富集方法,但常用有机溶剂作萃取剂,易带来二     

浊点萃取-石墨炉原子吸收光谱法测定环境样品中的镉

建立了浊点萃取分离富集石墨炉原子吸收光谱法测定环境样品中痕量镉的方法.浊点萃取选择8-羟基喹啉为螯合剂,Triton X-100为表面活性剂.在pH 8～9、0.01%8-羟基喹啉和0.2%-Triton X-100、80 ℃水浴20 min的优化条件下,所建立方法的检出限为2.5 ng/L; 加标回收率为94.6%～106.2%; 对样品溶液进行富集的富集因子为17.利用该方法分别测定了2个实际水样和2个国家标准参考物质中的总镉含量,结果令人满意.     

2-[2-(4-甲基喹啉)-偶氮]-5-二乙氨基苯酚固相萃取光度法测定水和食品中的镉

研究了新试剂2[2(4甲基喹啉)偶氮]5二乙氨基苯酚(QADP)与镉的显色反应。在pH为8.0的硼酸氢氧化钠缓冲介质中,TritonX100存在下,QADP与镉反应生成2∶1稳定络合物。体系最大吸收波长λmax=590nm,摩尔吸光系数ε=1.56×105L·mol-1·cm-1。样品中的镉用强阴离子交换固相萃取柱固相萃取预分离和富集后用该方法测定,结果令人满意。     

痕量镉的水溶性碳纳米管增敏方波溶出伏安法测定

研究了以羧基化的水溶性碳纳米管(CNT)作为增敏剂,经吸附富集,用方波溶出伏安法测定痕量镉.讨论了吸附溶出的机理,对富集时间、富集电位、镉浓度、HCI加入量的影响及部分离子干扰等进行实验,并对含镉水样进行测定.实验结果发现:Cd2 在-0.65 V左右出现灵敏的溶出峰,峰电流在Cd2 浓度为2.0～10 nmol/L时呈现良好的线性关系,检出限为0.1 nmol/L,回收率为94%～103%.     

阴离子交换树脂分离-原子荧光法测定色母粒中的镉

采用微波消解溶样,结合离子交换法对色母粒样品进行待测元素的提取及净化处理,利用原子荧光光度计进行镉含量的测定。研究了717型阴离子交换树脂对色母粒样品中镉的吸附及分离条件,解决了样品中铅、铜等元素的干扰问题。方法加标回收率在92.4%～117.4%之间,相对标准偏差小于3.0%。     

水中二氧化碳含量对弱碱性阴树脂工作交换容量影响的研究

弱碱性阴树脂用于水的除盐处理时，其工作交换容量的大小与许多因素有关。本文主要就进水中ＣＯ２含量对弱碱阴树脂工作交换容量的影响进行了研究，得出了弱碱性阴树脂工作交换容量受水中ＣＯ２含量影响的一般规律，这为弱碱性阴树脂的应用提供了依据。     

The use of amphoteric ion exchange resin for the selective separation of cadmium from other radioelements present in neutron irradiated biological materials

A new method for the selective radiochemical separation of cadmium from other elements, present in biological materials, using amphoteric ion exchange resin Retardion 11A8 has been elaborated. Cadmium can be taken up by the resin either as anionic chloride complexes or cationic ammine complexes, depending on the composition of the eluent, exploiting both cation and anion exchange functions of the ion exchanger. The conditions in which Cd is quantitatively retained and eluted from Retardion 11A8 were established. The method of selective isolation of cadmium was further used for the determination of Cd in three biological certified reference materials by neutron activation analysis. Analytical results obtained with the use of the proposed separation procedure show good agreement with the certified values.     

Use of a nitrate-form anion exchange resin for the determination of traces of gold in copper and cadmium by neutron activation analysis

A method is described for the determination of traces of gold in copper and cadmium by neutron activation analysis, using anion exchange resin as a preconcentration agent: gold was separated from large amount of copper or cadmium with Cl-form Dowex 1X8 AG, 100–200 mesh, resin. To reduce the interfering activities, the resin was irradiated in NO ₃ ⁻ -form and washed with dilute hydrochloric acid after irradiation.¹⁹⁸Au in the resin was then counted with a Ge(Li) or NaI(Tl) detector. The chemical yields were more than 99%. The concentration factors of gold for copper and cadmium samples were 1.1×10⁸ and 2.7×10⁶, respectively. The analytical results of gold in 99.99% copper and 99.999% cadmium were 65 and 0.15 ppb, respectively. The blank was 0.05 ng Au per 200 mg of wet resin.     

THE EFFECT OF IONIC STRENGTH ON THE UPTAKE OF TAURINE ON A STRONG-BASIC ANION EXCHANGE RESIN

1. INTRODUCTION Taurine (NH2CH2CH2SO3H) is one of the most important amino acids in the human body, and plays an important role in a variety of physiological functions, pharmacological actions and pathological conditions, such as in controlling epilepsy, hypertension and arrhythmia. It is also often used to recover osmotic pressure and promote cerebrum growth [1,2]. As one of amino acids, taurine had the amphoteric characteristic which can be utilized in the ion-exchange technique to e…     

Selective separations by reactive ion exchange: Part 4. Preconcentration of cadmium and zinc by in situ precipitation as hexacyanoferrate(II) salts on gel and macroporous ion-exchange resins

The in situ precipitation of traces of cadmium(II) and zinc(II) ions as hexacyanoferrates from aqueous matrices was studied on conventional polystyrene gel and macroporous cation- and anion-exchange resins. Coprecipitation with each other or with copper(II) ions present in binary cation resins or in solution, and the influence of added nonprecipitating ions of the same charge type such as magnesium(II) were investigated. Microporous (gel) cation exchangers gave reasonable recoveries and macroporous cation exchangers gave very good recoveries; but macroporous anion exchangers performed best, suggesting macroporous hexacyanoferrate(II) resin as an ideal phase for collection/preconcentration of traces of Cu²⁺, Cd²⁺, Zn²⁺, and possibly Co²⁺, Ni²⁺, and Pb²⁺ from waters. As expected, very low yields were obtained with conventional anion exchange resin in the hexacyanoferrate form. Uniform distribution of Cu²⁺, Zn²⁺, and Cd²⁺ over macroporous anion-exchange resin phases were established by means of electron probe scans and taken as evidence for the formation of a uniform, well-developed precipitate layer covering the entire resin particle surface.     

影响混床出水水质因素的研究

混床再生剂的纯度和阴、阳树脂的混合程度会严重影响到混床出水水质.用高纯碱替代工业碱再生混床的阴树脂;采用反常规均粒混床树脂;对混床树脂采用特殊的再生和输送方法等措施均可提高出水水质.     

叔胺弱碱树脂的强度研究

研究了影响苯乙烯系叔胺弱碱性阴离子交换树脂性能的诸因素．提出了经二甲胺胺化 后所形成的胺基桥是影响树脂强度的主要原因的观点．用磷酸一渗磨圆球率方法对树脂进行强 度检验,使强度数据更为可靠．     

Preparation of Amberlite XAD resins coated with dithiosemicarbazone compounds and preconcentration of some metal ions

The Amberlite XAD resins coated with dithiosemicarbazones were prepared and their collection behavior of metal ions from aqueous solution was investigated. Among the resins used, the reagent-loaded Amberlite XAD-7 was found to be superior for the collection of metal ions to other reagent-loaded resins used. The quantitative collection of mercury(II), palladium(II) and copper(II) was obtained from acidic medium, while cadmium(II) and lead(II) was obtained from neutral medium by the Amberlite XAD-7 resin coated with dimethylglyoxal bis(4-phenyl-3-thiosemicarbazone) (DMBS). These metal ions collected on the resin were easily eluted with a small volume of N,N-dimethylformamide as their DMBS chelates. This collection-elution method was applied to the determination of their metal ions by reversed-phase high performance liquid chromatography with a spectrophotometric detection.     

Chromatographic behaviour of trace metal ions on a strong base anion exchange resin functionalized by azo ligands

A model which allows the evaluation of the elution volume V(E) and the central point V(C) of the breakthrough curve of a metal ion at trace level on a chromatographic column containing a chelating resin is presented. V(E) and V(C) mainly depend on the complexation properties of the active groups, and on the acidity and composition of the aqueous solution, according to the Gibbs-Donnan model for the resin. The model has been tested in the case of strong base anion exchange resins in chloride form functionalized with two different sulphonated azo ligands (T-azo-C, T-azo-R). The chromatographic behaviour of copper(II) and thorium(IV) is as expected from the formation of a complex with the azo dye in the resin, while that of zinc(II) and cadmium(II) is fully described by also taking into account the formation of anionic chloro complexes inside the resin.