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1.
Yasumasa Shigetomi Takehiro Kojima Hideaki Kamba Yuroku Yamamoto 《Analytica chimica acta》1980,116(1):199-203
Liquid-liquid distribution with tri-n-octylphosphine oxide (TOPO)and molten naphthalene has been investigated for the extraction of 20 metals from nitric acid and hydrochloric acid solutions. Uranium is quantitatively extracted from 1 M nitric acid or hydrochloric acid by using 100 mg of TOPO and 200 mg of naphthalene and shaking for 5 min at 80°C, and separated from transition metals, alkaline earth metals and rare earth metals (except scandium). Addition of naphthalene increases the extraction efficiency. 相似文献
2.
Gerd Meyer Prof. Dr. 《无机化学与普通化学杂志》2007,633(15):2537-2552
Rare‐earth halides may be reduced by rare‐earth metals (conproportionation) and, as an alternative, by unlike metals such as alkali or alkaline‐earth metals, a route first established for the production of rare‐earth metals. It has great power for exploratory research subject to enhanced reactivity at lower temperatures and the formation of alkali halide flux for crystal growth. A large number of new compounds, ternary and higher, salt‐like and (semi‐)metallic including interstitially stabilized cluster compounds has been synthesized and characterized during the last decades. 相似文献
3.
稀土催化材料的制备、结构及催化性能 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
稀土催化材料的研究和发展为La和Ce等高丰度轻稀土元素的高质、高效利用提供了有效的途径.稀土元素具有未充满电子的4f轨道和镧系收缩等特征,作为催化剂的活性组分或载体使用时表现出独特的催化性能.本文从稀土氧化物、稀土复合氧化物、稀土-贵金属催化剂、稀土改性多孔催化材料等稀土催化材料出发,重点介绍和讨论了稀土的添加对催化剂的结构、活性和稳定性等的影响,阐述了稀土与过渡金属及氧化物、稀土与贵金属之间的相互作用,及对催化剂催化性能的影响.并对稀土催化材料的研究和发展提出了思考和展望. 相似文献
4.
镧、铈、钕在722M24钢离子氮化中的作用 总被引:2,自引:2,他引:0
将纯稀土金属镧、铈、钕分别放入离子氮化炉中作为溅射源,对722M24钢进行离子氮化,用扫描电镜进行了氮化代表层物相的二次电子象观察,并用能谱仪、二次离子质谱仪、X射线衍射仪和辉光放电光谱仪对氮化表层进行了元素分析及物相结构分析,显微硬度计测量了加不同稀土氮化后沿氮化层的分布,稀土元素在不同程度上影响辉光发电特笥,稀土金属离子氮化时部分溅射并沉积在钢的表面,从而影响了氮化效果,不同稀土元素在离子氮化中的作用有所不同。 相似文献
5.
1-(2-Pyridylazo)-2-naphthol (PAN) reacts very sensitively with rare earth metals to form a deep red precipitate in alkaline solution; this can be extracted with ether, except in the case of lanthanum, cerium and scandium. Absorption maxima occur at 530 and 560 mμ. Traces of rare earth metals may be determined in the presence of many foreign metals. 相似文献
6.
用量热滴定法测定了2,3-二苯基-烯-[2]-1,4,7,10,13-五氧杂环十五烷(以下称2,3-二苯基-烯-[2]-15-冠-5)与稀土(Ⅲ)硝酸盐(La,Ce,Pr,Nd,Sm,Eu)在无水乙腈溶液中,298.15 K时配位作用的热力学性质.化学计量法表明,所有的稀土硝酸盐均与不饱和冠醚形成了1:1的配合物.实验中,由联接的计算机直接算出了配位物的稳定常数和配合作用的焓,进而算出了吉布斯自由能和配位熵. 结果表明,2,3-二苯基-烯-[2]-15-冠-5与Pr(NO_3)_3形成的配位化合物,其稳定常数最高,并与15-冠-5的实验结果作了比较.从热力学的观点讨论了不饱和冠醚分子结构和阳离子的性质对配位稳定性的影响. 相似文献
7.
Keisuke Ohto Takashi Matsufuji Tomoaki Yoneyama Masahiro Tanaka Hidetaka Kawakita Tatsuya Oshima 《Journal of inclusion phenomena and macrocyclic chemistry》2011,71(3-4):489-497
p-t-Octylcalix[4]arene with tetraphosphonic acid at lower rim in cone conformation has been designed and synthesized as a new extraction reagent to investigate the extraction behavior of the nine trivalent rare earth elements: La, Pr, Nd, Sm, Eu, Gd, Ho, Y, and Er. The extraction of rare earth metals with the present extractant occurs by a simple ion-exchange mechanism. The stoichiometry of the extractant to rare earth metal ion was determined to be 2:1 based on the extraction equation, half pH values, pH1/2, and the difference in the values of the extraction equilibrium constants of nine trivalent rare earth elements and separation factors between adjacent rare earth elements. This allowed for comparison of the estimated extraction efficiency and selectivity. The present extractant exhibited extremely high extractability and sufficiently high separation efficiency of rare earth metals, compared with calix[4]arene tetraphosphonic acid at upper rim, calix[4]arene tetraacetic acid at lower rim as previously reported and the commercial extraction reagent. This results was attributed to size and multidentate effects based on the preorganized cyclic structure of calix[4]arene and to the original selectivity of functional group for heavier rare earth elements. 相似文献
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9.
Introduction It is well known that organometallic hydrides of rare earth metals are the catalysts and reducing reagents for the catalysis polymerization of alkenes and the catalysis hydrogenation of alkenoalkynes. There are four methods for the syntheses of organometallic hydrides of rare earth metals:(1) the thermal atomization of metals, i.e., the interaction of a rare earth metal with alkenes with a terminal alkyne;(2) the Ln—Cσ bond is broken with H_2;(3) metal- 相似文献
10.
The high frequency oscillator provides an excellent means of detecting the end-points of titrations performed with ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid or its salts. The determination of various divalent metals is reported, based on both direct and indirect titrations. Because of the great sensitivity of the method it is possible to determine cobalt, nickel, copper (II), zinc, cadmium, lead and manganese (II) in concentration ranges of 1/1000 to 1/6000M. 相似文献
11.
The complexes of the rare earth metals with 2-phenyltrifluoroacetone in the presence of TX-100 are reported. The characteristic absorbances of neodymium, holmium and erbium complexes can be increased by factors of 8.5, 31 and 15 respectively, compared to those of the cholrides. The third-derivative spectra have been used to eliminate the interference of cerium, and the sensitivities are increased again by factors of 7.4, 5.5 and 6.5. A method for the direct determination of neodymium, erbium and holmium in rare earth mixtures is proposed. 相似文献
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A method to investigate the interaction of rare earth elements in aqueous solution with metal oxides 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
D. Koeppenkastrop E. H. Decarlo M. Roth 《Journal of Radioanalytical and Nuclear Chemistry》1991,152(2):337-346
A method is described which can be used to investigate the interaction of dissolved metals with particulate material. Low level concentrations (10–9M) of rare earth radiotracers were used to investigate their sorption onto synthetic mineral oxide surfaces. The preparation of rare earth radiotracers by neutron activation is discussed in detail. A kinetic approach was employed to investigate the interaction of dissolved metals and suspended mineral oxides. Amorphous iron oxyhyroxide, a phase commonly found in nature, was used in sorption experiments carried out in seawater at pH 7.8 and 2°C. Results of this study indicate a high affinity of the rare earth elements (REE) for the iron oxide surface (evidenced by fast uptake and high partition coefficients) and reveal a fraction between light and heavy REE. 相似文献
14.
Dr. Benjamin Oelkers Dr. Mikhail V. Butovskii Prof. Dr. Rhett Kempe 《Chemistry (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)》2012,18(43):13566-13579
Metal–metal bonding in heterobimetallic complexes is of fundamental interest due to its implications to both bonding theory and new reactivities. In this Concept, structurally authenticated molecular compounds with direct bonds between rare‐earth metals or actinoids and transition or main group metals are summarized. Special attention is given to the use of bond polarity as a tool for designing molecular intermetalloids incorporating rare‐earth atoms and transition metals. 相似文献
15.
研究了混合稀土储氢合金中氧和氮的测定方法。针对稀土金属高温易挥发、分解的特点,选择适宜的加热温度,使用镍浴,选择高温座坩埚进行试验:选择出了合适的助熔剂的预处理方法。方法已用于实际样品。对含氧0.43%、含氮0.018%的试样,分析精密度为氧4.3%,氮5.9%,加标回收率氧为93%~104%,氮为92%~110%。 相似文献
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17.
The neutron activation determination of rare earth elements and heavy metals in river water has been studied with Chelex 100 resin as a preconcentration agent. The resin is applied directly as a support for irradiation and for radiochemical separation. The radioactive rare earth elements are recovered selectively and quantitatively from the irradiated resin by elution with hot 1 M sodium carbonate solution; radioactive heavy metals are recovered with 2 M nitric acid. Activities from each eluate are counted with a Ge(Li) detector connected to a multichannel analyzer; La, Sm, Eu, Dy, Mn, Cu and Zn can be determined. The recoveries were almost quantitative and the measurement of chemical yield was unnecessary. 相似文献
18.
稀土在中国高新材料研制开发中的应用 总被引:5,自引:1,他引:5
我国在稀土资源和稀土原料的生产方面都居世界领先地位,近年来稀土高新材料的研制与开发也取得重大进展。本文概述了我国在稀土高新材料开发与研究方面的成果,指出今后应把稀土应用基础研究、中重稀土的应用研究和稀土在能源领域的应用研究作为重点进一步开展工作。 相似文献
19.
Cai Dingjian 《Journal of Saudi Chemical Society》2012,16(2):175-176
At rare earth mining area, the pollution of heavy metals has been paid little attention. In lotus seeds and soil samples sampled from a typical rare earth elements mining area were detected the contents of eight kinds of heavy metals (Cr, Mn, Cu, Zn, As, Cd, Hg and Pb) to investigate the pollution from rare earth elements mining by ICP-MS (Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry). The results showed that the contents of the heavy metals Cr, Mn, Cu, Zn, As, Cd, Hg and Pb in lotus seeds were 0.25, 86.94, 8.32, 19.76, 0.13, 0.08, 0.01, and 0.20 μg/g in lotus seeds, respectively, and corresponding contents in soil were 27.68, 168.71, 20.23, 47.16, 1.83, 0.13, 0.04, and 23.15 μg/g. These data showed that the contents of heavy metals in lotus seeds from REEs mining area are no higher than reference area and meet national food safety standards of China. 相似文献
20.
The separation of rare earth metals has been studied with a micro-column of 0.5 mm i.d.×75 mm length, packed with TSK LS-212
high-performance cation exchange resin 16 rare earth metals were separated within 38 min, using only 304 μl of 0.4M α-hydroxyisobutyric
acid solution adjusted to pH 3.1–6.0 with ammonia solution as gradient carrier solution. The gradient elution was successfully
performed by applying a new technique developed for microscale liquid chromatography.
Studies on micro-high-performance liquid chromatography, VII. 相似文献