间氨基水杨酸修饰超高交联吸附树脂对酚类化合物的吸附行为

合成间氨基水杨酸修饰的超高交联吸附树脂LZ-01,比较LZ-01树脂与NJ-8树脂对对甲基苯酚和对硝基苯酚的吸附能力,研究LZ-01树脂在不同温度(288K,313K,318K)下吸附水溶液中对甲基苯酚和对硝基苯酚的静态吸附热力学和动力学行为。结果表明,由于LZ-01树脂具有更大的比表面积、更多的微孔且含有氨基、羟基和羧基等基团,使其对对甲基苯酚和对硝基苯酚的吸附量明显高于NJ-8树脂。Freundlich方程对等温吸附数据能够很好地拟合,吸附焓变绝对值小于40kJ/mol,表明吸附是焓驱动的物理吸附过程。LZ-01树脂对对甲基苯酚和对硝基苯酚吸附动力学均符合准一级动力学方程,吸附速率随温度升高而增大,颗粒内扩散是该吸附过程的速控步骤。     

单宁酸修饰的超高交联吸附树脂对酚类化合物的吸附研究

通过氯甲基化的苯乙烯-二乙烯苯共聚物的后交联及单宁酸的化学修饰反应制备了单宁酸修饰的超高交联吸附树脂(TAMR),通过红外光谱、元素分析、扫描电镜和比表面孔径分析对TAMR树脂的结构特征和表面参数及形貌进行表征.通过等温吸附实验和吸附动力学实验研究了苯酚、对硝基苯酚和对氯苯酚在TAMR树脂上的吸附性能和吸附机理.结果表明,TAMR树脂具有较高的比表面积(780.1 m2/g)和较丰富的微孔(482.3 m2/g),树脂表面修饰了较丰富的羟基.TAMR树脂对苯酚、对硝基苯酚和对氯苯酚均具有较好的吸附性能,288 K时吸附量分别可达1.43、2.07和2.48 mmol/g(c0为500 mg/L).3种酚类化合物在TAMR树脂上的吸附为典型的物理吸附,其吸附焓变和熵变均为负值.当酚类化合物以分子形态存在时,有利于其被TAMR树脂吸附.Langmuir和Freundlich方程均能较好地拟合酚类化合物在TAMR树脂上的吸附等温线.吸附动力学过程符合准一级动力学方程,颗粒内扩散过程是TAMR树脂吸附这3种酚的吸附速率的主要控制步骤.     

交联壳聚糖多孔微球对染料的吸附平衡及吸附动力学分析

研究了交联壳聚糖多孔微球对染料的吸附平衡规律,探讨了染料溶液在不同的初始浓度、pH值及不同吸附剂用量条件下吸附动力学规律及吸附动力学控制机理。结果表明,壳聚糖微球对染料的吸附规律可较好地符合Langmuir吸附等温式,吸附动力学模型可以用表观二级速率方程来描述。     

β-环糊精接枝壳聚糖的合成及其吸附性能

采用乙二醛作为交联物合成了一种β-环糊精接枝壳聚糖,研究了其对水溶液中对硝基苯酚的吸附性能;考察了温度、pH值、吸附时间、酚溶液初始浓度等因素对其吸附性能的影响.结果表明,当吸附时间为20min,pH值为5~6,温度为25℃~35℃,酚溶液初始浓度为80 mg/L时,β-环糊精接枝壳聚糖对对硝基苯酚的吸附性能最佳.     

胺基化PGMA交联微球对胆红素的吸附机理

通过胺基与环氧键之间的开环反应, 用己二胺及多乙烯多胺等小分子胺化试剂对聚甲基丙烯酸缩水甘油酯(PGMA)交联微球进行了化学改性, 制得了胺基化的PGMA交联微球, 研究了该功能微球对胆红素的吸附特性, 考察了胺化试剂的分子结构、介质pH值、离子强度及温度等因素对其吸附性能的影响, 较深入地研究了吸附机理. 实验结果表明, 胺基化微球对胆红素具有强吸附作用, 吸附容量可达17.80 mg·g-1, 等温吸附服从Freundlich方程. 胺基化微球与胆红素分子之间的作用力以静电相互作用为主, 同时也存在氢键作用与疏水相互作用. 在pH 值为6 的介质中二者之间的静电作用最强, 胆红素吸附容量最高. 高离子强度不利于静电相互作用, 盐度增大使吸附容量减小. 温度升高有利于疏水相互作用而不利于氢键作用, 两种作用中占优势者主导温度对吸附容量的影响. 用己二胺改性的微球, 由于疏水相互作用的强化以及较长连接臂导致较小的空间位阻, 使其对胆红素的吸附能力明显高于多乙烯多胺改性的微球.     

乙酰苯胺修饰的吸附树脂对苯酚和对氯苯酚的吸附研究

通过Friedel-Crafts后交联及化学修饰反应,合成了乙酰苯胺基修饰的超高交联吸附树脂ZH-05,通过红外光谱(IR)和比表面及孔径分析(BET)对其结构进行表征.以Amberlite XAD-4树脂作为参照,通过等温吸附实验和吸附动力学实验探讨了ZH-05树脂对水溶液中苯酚和对氯苯酚的吸附性能和机理.结果表明,与XAD-4树脂相比,ZH-05树脂对苯酚和对氯苯酚均具有更佳的吸附性能.Langmuir和Freundlich方程均能较好拟合ZH-05树脂对苯酚和对氯苯酚的吸附等温线.ZH-05树脂对苯酚和对氯苯酚的吸附以焓推动的自发物理吸附过程为主,吸附过程放热;吸附符合准一级动力学吸附方程,颗粒内扩散是吸附过程的主要控制步骤.     

没食子酸修饰树脂对对氯苯胺和对硝基苯胺的吸附行为

通过Friedel-Crafts后交联及化学修饰反应,制备了没食子酸修饰的超高交联吸附树脂(GAMR),并通过傅里叶变换红外光谱仪、元素分析仪和比表面及孔径分析仪对其理化性质进行了表征。通过等温吸附实验和吸附动力学实验,研究了GAMR树脂对不同温度下水溶液中的对氯苯胺和对硝基苯胺的吸附行为。结果表明,GAMR树脂具有较高的比表面积(1227.1m2/g)和较丰富的微孔(888.5m2/g),树脂表面修饰了较丰富的羟基和羰基。GAMR树脂对对氯苯胺和对硝基苯胺均具有良好的吸附性能,吸附量随着温度的升高而下降。Freundlich等温吸附方程能够更好地拟合吸附等温线数据,GAMR树脂对对氯苯胺和对硝基苯胺的吸附机理较复杂。吸附焓变ΔH0,表示吸附过程为放热反应,且以物理吸附为主;吸附自由能变ΔG0,说明吸附过程可自发进行;吸附熵变ΔS0,表明吸附质分子在树脂表面上的运动受到了限制。动力学实验结果表明,吸附过程符合一级动力学方程,颗粒内扩散是吸附过程的主要控制步骤。     

水杨酸型螯合树脂对Fe(III)离子的螯合吸附行为

以5-氨基水杨酸(ASA)为胺化试剂, 使氯甲基化的交联聚苯乙烯(CMCPS)微球表面的苄氯基团发生亲核取代反应, 制得了水杨酸型螯合树脂ASA-CPS. 研究了该螯合树脂对金属离子的螯合吸附行为, 探讨了其吸附热力学与吸附机理, 考察了介质pH值对树脂螯合吸附性能的影响以及树脂对不同金属离子的螯合吸附能力. 实验结果表明, 水杨酸型螯合树脂ASA-CPS 对重金属离子具有强螯合吸附性能, 尤其对Fe3+离子表现出很强的螯合吸附能力, 常温下吸附容量可达21 g/100 g. 吸附过程属熵驱动的化学吸附过程, 升高温度, 吸附容量增高; 在可抑制金属离子水解的pH范围内, 介质的pH值越高, 螯合吸附能力越强; 对于性质不同的金属离子, ASA-CPS的吸附性能是有差别的, 吸附容量的顺序为Fe3+>Ni2+>Cu2+>Zn2+.     

水杨酸型螯合树脂对Fe（Ⅲ）离子的螯合吸附行为

以5-氨基水杨酸(ASA)为胺化试剂,使氯甲基化的交联聚苯乙烯(CMCPS)微球表面的苄氯基团发生亲核取代反应,制得了水杨酸型螯合树脂ASA-CPS.研究了该螯合树脂对金属离子的螯合吸附行为,探讨了其吸附热力学与吸附机理,考察了介质pH值对树脂螯合吸附性能的影响以及树脂对不同金属离子的螯合吸附能力.实验结果表明,水杨酸型螯合树脂ASA-CPS对重金属离子具有强螫合吸附性能,尤其对Fe3+子表现出很强的螯合吸附能力,常温下吸附容量可达21 g/100 g.吸附过程属熵驱动的化学吸附过程,升高温度,吸附容量增高;在可抑制金属离子水解的pH范围内,介质的pH值越高,螯合吸附能力越强;对于性质不同的金属离子,ASA-CPS的吸附性能是有差别的,吸附容量的顺序为Fe3+>Ni2+>Cu2+>Zn>3+     

交联淀粉微球对Co~(2+)吸附行为的研究

以可溶性淀粉为原料,采用反相悬浮聚合得到交联淀粉微球(Cross-linked starch microspheres CSMs),考察其在不同介质中对Co2+的静态吸附行为及其对不同金属离子的吸附选择性,测定了淀粉微球对Co2+的吸附等温线,分析了其吸附的动力学特征。用红外光谱仪和X射线衍射仪对CSMs及其吸附产物的结构特征进行了对照分析,探讨了吸附机理。在实验条件下,CSMs对Co2+的吸附模式同时符合Langmuir和Freundlich等温方程,表观吸附速率常数k308K为0.0686min-1。CSMs对Co2+的吸附作用破坏了CSMs的结晶结构。交联淀粉微球对Co2+具有较好的选择吸附性,吸附量受介质种类、浓度的影响。这些结果为含钴废水的处理及金属离子吸附分离提供了有益的帮助。     

二氧化碳和丙烯直接合成甲基丙烯酸的NiPMo/TiO2催化剂的研究

用溶胶-凝胶法以磷钼酸(MPA)的镍盐溶液水解钛酸四丁酯制备了NiPMo/TiO2催化剂.使用ICP、 XRD、 TG-DTA、 IR、 TPD-MS和微反应技术研究了催化剂的化学组成、热稳定性、化学吸附性质和催化反应性能.杂多钼酸盐与TiO2通过O2-在TiO2表面发生了键合.在623 K下,杂多阴离子仍保持原有的Keggin结构.CO2在Lewis酸位Ni(Ⅱ)和Lewis碱位Ni-O-Mo的桥氧协同作用下生成CO2卧式吸附态Ni(Ⅱ)←O-(CO)←(O--Ni).丙烯有多种吸附态在催化剂上吸附.在563 K、 1 MPa和空速1500 h-1的反应条件下,丙烯的摩尔转化率为3.2%,产物MAA选择性为95%.     

α-Amino acid derived enaminones and their application in the synthesis of N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates and other heterocycles

A new and simple synthesis of novel N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates, which exist in equilibrium with their 4-oxo tautomers, has been developed in two steps starting from N-protected α-amino acids. The key intermediates are enaminones, which can also be isolated, characterized, and used for the construction of other functionalized heterocycles, before they spontaneously decompose to pyrrole products. 4-Hydroxypyrroles are prone to partial aerial oxidation but can be efficiently alkylated or reduced to stable polysubstituted pyrrolidine derivatives.     

Specific intramolecular aromatic CH insertion of diazosulfonamides

The chemoselectivity in the intramolecular CH insertion of various diazosulfonamides has been experimentally studied. The results reveal that the aliphatic 1,4-, 1,5-, or 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions of diazosulfonamides are not accessible, while the aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion can be realized specifically by adjusting the diazo-adjacent group. In addition, the general chemoselectivities in the intramolecular CH insertions of diazosulfonyl compounds are summarized. Generally, diazosulfones undergo both aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H and aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions, while diazosulfonates undergo aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions. However, diazosulfonamides only undergo aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion.     

CoFe2O4自形成磁性液体场致结构化对磁化的影响

The Langevin paramagnetic theory can’t describe the relation between magnetization of ferrofluids and applied magnetic field. The structuralization of ferrofluids, which is considered the main influence factor of the magnetization, is regarded. The part of magnetization works is deposited when the structure is forming. This action influences the magnetization of ferrofluids directly or indirectly. On the base of the “compressing” model, the Langevin function that usually describes the magnetization of ferrofluid is modified, and a well-fitted curve is obtained. An equation of the relation between the equivalent volume fraction after being “compressed” and the intensity of magnetic field is discovered, which approximately describes the process of magnetization. The relation between the approximate initial susceptibility and the volume fraction can be obtained from modified formula.     

Highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of 2,4-dichloropyridine enabling a novel approach to 2,4-bisanilinopyridine (BAPyd) libraries

The highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of the cheap and readily accessible reagent, 2,4-dichloropyridine with a range of anilines and heterocyclic amines is described. This new methodology is robust and provides a facile access to 4-chloro-N-phenylpyridin-2-amines on 0.25 mol scale. These intermediates undergo a further Buchwald–Hartwig amination at higher temperature to enable rapid exploration of the chemical space at C-4 and to provide a library of 2,4-bisaminopyridines.     

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes: synthesis,characterization and their applications in the C-N coupling and α-arylation of ketones using aryl chlorides

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes 3 were successfully achieved in a one-pot procedure under mild conditions. The structure of 3a was unambiguously confirmed by X-ray single crystal diffraction and it was an active catalyst in the Buchwald-Hartwig amination and α-arylation of ketones even at very low catalyst loadings (0.01?mol%).     

Iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction using terminal alkyne as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines and fused-nitrogen heterocycles

An efficient iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction in dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO) using terminal alkynes as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of aryl (9H-pyrido[3,4-b]indol-1-yl)methanones is described. The scope of the protocol includes the total synthesis of Fascaplysin, Eudistomins Y₁ and Y₂. The methodology is extended for preparing pyrrolo[1,2-a]-quinoxaline and indolo[1,5-a]quinoxaline derivatives. The utility of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines was demonstrated by performing palladium-catalyzed β-carboline directed ortho-C(sp2)-H functionalization of the phenyl ring with thiomethyl (SMe) group using DMSO as source and for accessing 4-aryl-canthin-6-ones.     

Facile synthesis of bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-ones

In this Letter, we described a facile method for constructing fused bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-one ring system. We employed various methylene-containing carboxylic acids as the substrates and proved that the pyrazolone ring closure requires activated methylene group in intermediate II. Accordingly, a series of structurally diversified, fused bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-ones was prepared in moderate to high yields using the requisite substrates.     

Sulfur-directed metal-free and regiospecific methyl C(sp3)–H imidation of thioanisoles

Regiospecific and direct imidation of the methyl C(sp³)–H bond of thioanisoles is realized under mild and metal-free conditions with N-fluorobis(benzenesulfonyl)imide as an oxidant and nitrogen source. Proposed mechanism suggests that thionium ion intermediates and a Pummerer-type reaction are involved. The imidation has advantages such as high step-economy, excellent functionality tolerance, and regiospecificity, giving structurally diverse imidation products.