1,3-二(2,6-二甲基苯基)-2-四氢咪唑基-苯亚甲基-二吡啶基-二氯合钌化合物的合成

设计了由1,3-二(2,6-二甲基苯基)-2-四氢咪唑基-苯亚甲基-三苯基膦-二氯合钌(7)和吡啶反应生成无膦型金属钌卡宾化合物1,3-二(2,6-二甲苯基)-2-四氢咪唑基-苯亚甲基-2-吡啶基-二氯合钌(8),8作为高效催化剂用于丙烯腈和烯丙基苯的交叉交互置换反应.新化合物7,8经核磁共振氢谱、碳谱和高分辨率质谱予以证实.     

超声辐射下合成4,5-二氢-1-取代胺亚甲基-3-(2-三氟甲基苯并[d]咪唑- 1-亚甲基)-4-芳基-1,2,4-三唑-5-硫酮

以1-肼羰亚甲基-2-三氟甲基苯并[d]咪唑(1)为原料, 与芳基异硫氰酸酯在无水乙醇中反应得酰氨基硫脲2a～2d, 继而在氢氧化钠水溶液中合环得4,5-二氢-3-(2-三氟甲基苯并[d]咪唑-1-亚甲基)-4-芳基-1,2,4-三唑-5-硫酮(3a～3d), 然后分别采用超声辐射法和常规加热法与四种胺反应合成了16个未见报道的Mannich碱4a～4d, 5a～5d, 6a～6d和7a～7d. 与常规加热法对比, 超声辐射法具有操作简单, 反应时间短, 条件温和, 产率高, 副反应少等优点, 为此类化合物的合成提供了一种有效的新方法. 目标化合物的结构经元素分析, IR和¹H NMR确证.     

3-(4-取代-哌嗪-1-甲基)-1,2,3,9-四氢咔唑-4-酮衍生物的合成与止吐活性研究

以1,3-环己二酮(1)为起始原料, 一个羰基与盐酸苯肼发生缩合反应生成1,3-环己二酮单苯腙(2), 2在ZnCl₂催化下通过分子内环合、重排反应得到1,2,3,9-四氢咔唑-4-酮(3), 3的甲基化物4在冰醋酸中经Mannich反应获得其3-二甲胺甲基物5, 5与哌嗪类化合物通过亲核取代反应合成了9个未见文献报道的3-(4-取代-哌嗪-1-甲基)-1,2,3,9-四氢咔唑-4-酮衍生物6a～6i. 所有合成的新化合物均经元素分析、红外光谱、质谱和核磁共振光谱证明其结构; 初步药理试验采用顺铂诱导的大鼠干呕模型研究了新化合物的止吐活性, 结果表明部分新化合物活性与昂丹司琼相当.     

新型树形化合物1,3,5-三-[7-(7-甲基-2,2-二-(2,2-二羟甲基-3-羟基丙氧基羰基)-6,8-二氧杂螺[3.5]-壬基)]苯的合成

以丙酮和甲酸乙酯为原料, 在醇钠的作用下合成了1,3,5-三乙酰基苯(1). 1与二溴新戊二醇在酸的作用下发生缩酮化反应, 制成1,3,5-三-(1-甲基-2,6-二氧杂-4,4-二溴甲基环己基)苯(2). 2与5,5-二甲基-4,6-二氧杂-1,3-环己二酮在乙醇钠的作用下合成了1,3,5-三-[7-(7-甲基-2,2-二-乙氧羰基-6,8-二氧杂螺[3.5]-壬基)]苯(3). 将3在氯仿中与季戊四醇进行酯交换反应得到产物1,3,5-三-[7-(7-甲基-2,2-二-(2,2-二羟甲基-3-羟基丙氧基羰基)-6,8-二氧杂螺[3.5]-壬基)]苯(4). 收率为47.7%. 标题化合物及中间产物使用IR, ¹H NMR和MS或元素分析进行了表征.     

聚缩醛螺胞二醚的合成及结构表征

在I₂催化剂的作用下, 利用苯甲醛与季戊四醇反应, 制备了聚缩醛螺胞二醚的模型化合物3,9-二苯基-2,4,8,10-四氧杂螺[5.5]十一烷(1). 在此基础上, 利用1,3-苯二甲醛与不同摩尔比的季戊四醇合成了化合物1,3-二(2,6-二氧杂-4,4-二羟甲基环己基)苯(2)和2,4,8,10-四氧杂-3,9-二(3'-甲酰基苯基)螺[5.5]十一烷(3). 化合物2与化合物3反应, 制成标题化合物聚缩醛螺胞二醚4, 收率为95.4%. 用FTIR, ¹H NMR对化合物1～4的结构进行了表征. 发现在含有手性轴化合物1, 3, 4的¹H NMR谱中, 4个亚甲基中的8个氢原子裂分为4组双峰, 而不含有手性轴化合物中的4个亚甲基中的8个氢原子不裂分, 是个单峰. 这种不同不是由于化合物中刚性环所致, 而是由于有无手性轴造成的.     

5,6-二氢-5-氧杂-1,3-二氮杂菲衍生物的合成

以2,3-二氢-3-氧代-1,3-苯并(c)-α-吡喃(1)为起始原料, 在氢化钠作用下, 通过与羰基α-氢的Claisen缩合反应, 得到3-乙酰基-2,3-二氢-3-氧代-1,3-苯并(c)-α-吡喃(2), 所得β-二酮与脲、硫脲和脒衍生物分别进行缩合关环, 生成5,6-二氢-5-氧杂-1,3-二氮杂菲衍生物3和4. 在相同的条件下, 吡喃酮1与草酸二乙酯进行缩合反应, 给出3-乙氧乙二酰 基-2,3-二氢-3-氧代-1,3-苯并(c)-α-吡喃(5), 选择3-氨基吡唑、2-氨基咪唑、3-氨基三唑、2-氨基苯并咪唑和3,5-二氨基吡唑-4-偶氮苯与5缩合, 分别环合成5,6-二氢-5-氧杂-1,3-二氮杂菲并和五元含氮杂环衍生物6～10. 所合成的新化合物均经核磁共振光谱、红外光谱及元素分析证明其结构.     

水介质中2-氨基-4-芳基-7,7-二甲基-5-氧代-4H-5,6,7,8-四氢苯并[b]吡喃-3-羧酸酯的有效合成

水介质中在三乙基苄基氯化铵(TEBA)存在下, 芳亚甲基氰乙酸酯与5,5-二甲基-1,3-环己二酮反应为2-氨基-4-芳基-7,7-二甲基-5-氧代-4H-5,6,7,8-四氢苯并[b]吡喃-3-羧酸酯提供了一种快速、方便、高效和洁净的合成方法. 产物的结构通过红外光谱、核磁共振氢谱、元素分析和单晶X射线衍射确定.     

高活性钌卡宾催化1-己烯交互置换反应

文合成了1,3-二-（2，6-二甲基苯基）-2-（四-氢咪唑基）-（苯亚甲基）-三苯基膦-二-氯合钌卡宾化合物，并作为催化剂用于1-己烯交互置换反应。体现出很高的活性，TOF可达6680/h。但是在反应过程中发现有烯烃明显异构化现象，这种现象可以通过反应温度、溶剂、催化剂和原料摩尔比等反应条件进行调节。     

异噁唑基取代的1,2,4-噁二唑啉和吡唑啉类化合物的合成

通过3-乙酰基-5-羟甲基异噁唑衍生的Schiff碱2与由醛肟原位生成的腈氧化物的1,3-偶极环加成反应, “一锅法”制备了5-甲基-5-[5-(叔丁基二甲基硅氧基甲基)-3-异噁唑基]-3-芳基-4-(4-甲氧基苯基)-4,5二氢-1,2,4-噁二唑类化合物4a～4e; 同时由3-乙酰基-5-羟甲基异噁唑衍生的α,β-不饱和酮(5)与取代苯肼的环化反应制备了5-(叔丁基二甲基硅氧基甲基)-3-[(1,5-二芳基)-3-(4,5-二氢吡唑基)]-异噁唑类化合物6a～6i. 所有新化合物的结构经核磁共振谱氢谱和碳谱、质谱、红外光谱以及高分辨质谱等进行了确证.     

2-(二硝基亚甲基)-4,5-咪唑烷二酮与甲醇的反应研究

以2-甲基咪唑为原料合成2-(二硝基亚甲基)-4,5-咪唑烷二酮(1), 收率为33.9% (16.8%文献值), 首次采用低碳液态醇实现1的开环反应, 产物为FOX-7. 对反应条件进行了优化, 对比了甲醇、甲酸、氨水三种亲核试剂的开环效果, 开环试剂为甲醇时, FOX-7收率为94.6%, 高于文献值(87.4%). 研究了1的络合性能, 合成了1的甲醇加合物2并进行了结构表征. 对开环反应机理和乙二酰脲的形成机理进行了探讨.     

Lewis-acid assisted cross metathesis of acrylonitrile with functionalized olefins catalyzed by phosphine-free ruthenium carbene complex

The exchange of the PPh3 ligand in the complex [1,3-bis(2,6-dimethylphenyl)4,5-dihydroimidazol-2-ylidene](PPh3)(Cl)2Ru=CHPh (7) for a pyridine ligand at ambient temperature leads to the formation of the stable phosphine-free carbene ruthenium complex [1,3-bis(2,6-dimethylphenyl)4,5-dihydroimidazol-2-ylidene](C5H5N)2(Cl)2 Ru=CHPh (8). The resulted ruthenium complex exhibits highly catalytic activity for the cross metathesis of acrylonitrile with various functionalized olefins under mild conditions, and its activity can be further improved by the addition of a Lewis acid such as Ti(OiPr)4. In the mixture products, the Z-isomer predominates.     

Highly active phosphine-free carbene ruthenium catalyst for cross-metathesis of acrylonitrile with functionalized olefins

The carbene ruthenium complex [1,3-bis(2,6-dimethylphenyl)-4,5-dihydroimidazol-2-ylidene](C₅H₅N)₂(Cl)₂RuCHPh (8) was prepared by the reaction of [1,3-bis (2,6-dimethylphenyl)-4,5-dihydroimidazol-2-ylidene](PPh₃)(Cl)₂RuCHPh (7) with pyridine and used as a highly effective catalyst for the cross-metathesis of acrylonitrile with various functionalized olefins.     

Stoichiometric and catalytic reactivity of the N-heterocyclic carbene ruthenium hydride complexes [Ru(NHC)(L)(CO)HCl] and [Ru(NHC)(L)(CO)H(eta2-BH4)] (L=NHC, PPh3)

Thermolysis of [Ru(AsPh3)3(CO)H2] with the N-aryl heterocyclic carbenes (NHCs) IMes (1,3-bis(2,4,6-trimethylphenyl)imidazol-2-ylidene), IPr (1,3-bis(2,6-diisopropylphenyl)imidazol-2-ylidene) or the adduct SIPr.(C6F5)H (SIPr=1,3-bis(2,6-diisopropylphenyl)-4,5-dihydroimidazol-2-ylidene), followed by addition of CH2Cl2, affords the coordinatively unsaturated ruthenium hydride chloride complexes [Ru(NHC)2(CO)HCl] (NHC=IMes , IPr , SIPr ). These react with CO at room temperature to yield the corresponding 18-electron dicarbonyl complexes . Reduction of and [Ru(IMes)(PPh3)(CO)HCl] () with NaBH4 yields the isolable borohydride complexes [Ru(NHC)(L)(CO)H(eta2-BH4)] (, L=NHC, PPh3). Both the bis-IMes complex and the IMes-PPh3 species react with CO at low temperature to give the eta1-borohydride species [Ru(IMes)(L)(CO)2H(eta1-BH4)] (L=IMes , PPh3), which can be spectroscopically characterised. Upon warming to room temperature, further reaction with CO takes place to afford initially [Ru(IMes)(L)(CO)2H2] (L=IMes, L=PPh3) and, ultimately, [Ru(IMes)(L)(CO)3] (L=IMes , L=PPh3). Both and lose BH3 on addition of PMe2Ph to give [Ru(IMes)(L)(L')(CO)H2](L=L'=PMe2Ph; L=PPh3, L'=PMe2Ph). Compounds and have been tested as catalysts for the hydrogenation of aromatic ketones in the presence of (i)PrOH and H2. For the reduction of acetophenone, catalytic activity varies with the NHC present, decreasing in the order IPr>IMes>SIMes.     

Sigma-organyl complexes of ruthenium and osmium supported by a mixed-donor ligand

A series of vinyl, aryl, acetylide and silyl complexes [Ru(R)(kappa2-MI)(CO)(PPh3)2] (R = CH=CH2, CH=CHPh, CH=CHC6H4CH3-4, CH=CH(t)Bu, CH=2OH, C(C triple bond CPh)=CHPh, C6H5, C triple bond CPh, SiMe2OEt; MI = 1-methylimidazole-2-thiolate) were prepared from either [Ru(R)Cl(CO)(PPh3)2] or [Ru(R)Cl(CO)(BTD)(PPh3)2](BTD = 2,1,3-benzothiadiazole) by reaction with the nitrogen-sulfur mixed-donor ligand, 1-methyl-2-mercaptoimidazole (HMI), in the presence of base. In the same manner, [Os(CH=CHPh)(kappa2-MI)(CO)(PPh3)2] was prepared from [Os(CH=CHPh)(CO)Cl(BTD)(PPh3)2]. The in situ hydroruthenation of 1-ethynylcyclohexan-1-ol by [RuH(CO)Cl(BTD)(PPh3)2] and subsequent addition of the HMI ligand and excess sodium methoxide yielded the dehydrated 1,3-dienyl complex [Ru(CH=CHC6H9)(kappa2-MI)(CO)(PPh3)2]. Dehydration of the complex [Ru(CH=CHCPh2OH)(kappa2-MI)(CO)(PPh3)2] with HBF4 yielded the vinyl carbene [Ru(=CHCH=CPh2)(kappa2-MI)(CO)(PPh3)2]BF4. The hydride complexes [MH(kappa2-MI)(CO)(PPh3)2](M = Ru, Os) were obtained from the reaction of HMI and KOH with [RuHCl(CO)(PPh3)3] and [OsHCl(CO)(BTD)(PPh3)2], respectively. Reaction of [Ru(CH=CHC6H4CH3-4)(kappa2-MI)(CO)(PPh3)2] with excess HC triple bond CPh leads to isolation of the acetylide complex [Ru(C triple bond CPh)(kappa2-MI)(CO)(PPh3)2], which is also accessible by direct reaction of [Ru(C triple bond CPh)Cl(CO)(BTD)(PPh3)2] with 1-methyl-2-mercaptoimidazole and NaOMe. The thiocarbonyl complex [Ru(CPh = CHPh)Cl(CS)(PPh3)2] reacted with HMI and NaOMe without migration to yield [Ru(CPh= CHPh)(kappa2-MI)(CS)(PPh3)2], while treatment of [Ru(CH=CHPh)Cl(CO)2(PPh3)2] with HMI yielded the monodentate acyl product [Ru{eta(1)-C(=O)CH=CHPh}(kappa2-MI)(CO)(PPh3)2]. The single-crystal X-ray structures of five complexes bearing vinyl, aryl, acetylide and dienyl functionality are reported.     

Mononuclear and dinuclear complexes with a [Ru(tBu2PCH2CH2PtBu2)(CO)] core

Thermolysis of solid [Ru(d(t)bpe)(CO)2Cl2](2, d(t)bpe =(t)Bu2PCH2CH2P(t)Bu2) under vacuum affords the five-coordinate complex [Ru(d(t)bpe)(CO)Cl2] (4), which was shown by X-ray crystallography to contain a weak remote agostic interaction. In solution, 4 can be readily trapped by CO, CH3CN or water to give [Ru(d(t)bpe)(CO)(L)Cl2](L = CO, 2; L = CH3CN, 6; L = H2O, 7). Reaction of 4 with AgOTf/H2O yields the tris-aqua complex [Ru(d(t)bpe)(CO)(H2O)3](OTf)2 (8), which has been structurally characterised and probed in solution by pulsed-gradient spin echo (PGSE) NMR spectroscopy. The water ligands in 8 are labile and easily substituted to give [Ru(d(t)bpe)(CO)(NCCH3)3](OTf)2 (10) and [Ru(d(t)bpe)(CO)(DMSO)3](OTf)2 (11). In the presence of CO, the tris-aqua complex undergoes water-gas shift chemistry with formation of the cationic hydride species [Ru(d(t)bpe)(CO)3H](OTf) (12) and CO2. X-Ray crystal structures of complexes 2, 4, 6, 8 and 11-12 are reported along with those for [{Ru(d(t)bpe)(CO)}2(mu-Cl)2(mu-OTf)](OTf) (3), [{Ru(d(t)bpe)(CO)}2(mu-Cl)3][Ru(d(t)bpe)(CO)Cl3](5) and [Ru(d(t)bpe)(CO)(H2O)2(OTf)](OTf)(9).     

The coordination chemistry of the hydrotris(3-diphenylmethylpyrazol-1-yl)borate (Tp(CHPh2)) ligand

The new ligand, hydrotris[3-(diphenylmethyl)pyrazol-1-yl]borate, Tp(CHPh2), has been synthesized and its coordination chemistry was compared with that of the analogous Tp(iPr). The new ligand was converted to a variety of complexes, such as M[Tp(CHPh2)]X (M = Co, Ni, Zn; X = Cl, NCO, NCS), Pd[Tp(CHPh2)][eta3-methallyl], Co[Tp(CHPh2)](acac), and Co[Tp(CHPh2)](scorpionate ligand). Compounds Tl[Tp(CHPh2)], 1, Co[Tp(CHPh2)]Cl, 2, Co[Tp(CHPh2)](NCS)(DMF), 3, Ni[Tp(CHPh2)](NCS)(DMF)2, 4, Co[Tp(CHPh2)](acac), 5, Co[Tp(CHPh2)][Ph2Bp], 6, Co[Tp(CHPh2)][Bp(Ph)], 7, Co[Tp(CHPh2)][Tp], 8, and (Ni[Tp(CHPh2)])2[C2O4](H2O)2, 9, were structurally characterized.     

Oxidation of [Ru(NH3)5isn](BF4)2 by hyochlorous acid and chlorine in aqueous acidic media

UV-vis stopped-flow studies of the reaction of [Ru(NH3)5isn](2+) (isn = isonicotinamide) with excess HOCl at 25 degrees C demonstrate that it proceeds in two time-resolved steps. In the first step [Ru(NH3)5isn](3+) is produced with the rate law -d[Ru(II)]/dt = 2(aK(h)[H(+)] + b[H(+)][Cl(-)] + c[Cl(-)])[HOCl](tot)[Ru(II)]/(K(h) + [H(+)][Cl(-)]). Here, K(h) is 1.3 x 10(-3) M(2) and corresponds to the equilibrium hydrolysis of Cl2, a is (8.34 +/- 0.19) x 10(3) M(-2) s(-1) and represents the acid-assisted reduction of HOCl, b is (4.04 +/- 0.13) x 10(4) M(-1) s(-1) and represents the reduction of Cl2, and c is (6.25 +/- 0.59) x 10(2) s(-1) and represents the Cl(-)-assisted reduction of HOCl. In the second step [Ru(NH3)5isn](3+) undergoes further oxidation to a mixture of products with the rate law -d[Ru(III)]/dt = e[Ru(III)][HOCl]/[H(+)] where e is (1.18 +/- 0.01) x 10(-2) s(-1). This step is assigned a mechanism with Cl(+) transfer from HOCl to [Ru(III)(NH3)4(NH2)isn](2+) occurring in the rate-limiting step. These results underline the resistance of HOCl to act as a simple outer-sphere one-electron oxidant.     

Self-assembly of a cyclic metalladecapyridine from the reaction of 2,6-bis(bis(2-pyridyl)methoxymethane)pyridine with silver(I)

Reaction of Ag( p-MeC 6H 4SO 3) with 2,6-bis(bis(2-pyridyl)methoxymethane)pyridine (PY5) in CH 2Cl 2 gave [Ag (I) 2(PY5) 2](p-MeC 6H 4SO 3) 2 (1). Treatment of 2,6-bis(bis(2-pyridyl)hydroxymethane)pyridine (PY5-OH) with AgNO 3 in MeOH gave [Ag (I) 2(PY5-OH) 2](NO3) 2 (2); in the presence of PPh 3, this reaction afforded [Ag (I)(PY5-OH)(PPh 3)]NO 3 (3). The structures of 1- 3 have been determined by X-ray crystal analysis, revealing four-coordinate Ag (I) ions in these complexes. Both 1 and 2 feature a quadruply branched 28-membered C 16N 10M 2 metallamacrocycle fused to 10 pyridyl groups. On the basis of (1)H NMR measurements, the dinuclear 1 and 2 dissociate into a mononuclear complex upon dissolving in MeCN but in MeOH an equilibrium between the mono- and dinuclear species can be detected.     

Diruthenium complexes [((acac)2RuIII)2(mu-OC2H5)2], [((acac)(2RuIII)2(mu-L)](ClO4)2, and [((bpy)(2RuII)2(mu-L)](ClO4)4 [L = (NC5H4)2-N-C6H4-N-(NC5H4)2, acac = acetylacetonate, and bpy = 2,2'-bipyridine]. synthesis, structure, magnetic, spectral, and photophysical aspects

Paramagnetic diruthenium(III) complexes (acac)(2)Ru(III)(mu-OC(2)H(5))(2)Ru(III)(acac)(2) (6) and [(acac)(2)Ru(III)(mu-L)Ru(III)(acac)(2)](ClO(4))(2), [7](ClO(4))(2), were obtained via the reaction of binucleating bridging ligand, N,N,N',N'-tetra(2-pyridyl)-1,4-phenylenediamine [(NC(5)H(4))(2)-N-C(6)H(4)-N-(NC(5)H(4))(2), L] with the monomeric metal precursor unit (acac)(2)Ru(II)(CH(3)CN)(2) in ethanol under aerobic conditions. However, the reaction of L with the metal fragment Ru(II)(bpy)(2)(EtOH)(2)(2+) resulted in the corresponding [(bpy)(2)Ru(II) (mu-L) Ru(II)(bpy)(2)](ClO(4))(4), [8](ClO(4))(4). Crystal structures of L and 6 show that, in each case, the asymmetric unit consists of two independent half-molecules. The Ru-Ru distances in the two crystallographically independent molecules (F and G) of 6 are found to be 2.6448(8) and 2.6515(8) A, respectively. Variable-temperature magnetic studies suggest that the ruthenium(III) centers in 6 and [7](ClO(4))(2) are very weakly antiferromagnetically coupled, having J = -0.45 and -0.63 cm(-)(1), respectively. The g value calculated for 6 by using the van Vleck equation turned out to be only 1.11, whereas for [7](ClO(4))(2), the g value is 2.4, as expected for paramagnetic Ru(III) complexes. The paramagnetic complexes 6 and [7](2+) exhibit rhombic EPR spectra at 77 K in CHCl(3) (g(1) = 2.420, g(2) = 2.192, g(3) = 1.710 for 6 and g(1) = 2.385, g(2) = 2.177, g(3) = 1.753 for [7](2+)). This indicates that 6 must have an intermolecular magnetic interaction, in fact, an antiferromagnetic interaction, along at least one of the crystal axes. This conclusion was supported by ZINDO/1-level calculations. The complexes 6, [7](2+), and [8](4+) display closely spaced Ru(III)/Ru(II) couples with 70, 110, and 80 mV separations in potentials between the successive couples, respectively, implying weak intermetallic electrochemical coupling in their mixed-valent states. The electrochemical stability of the Ru(II) state follows the order: [7](2+) < 6 < [8](4+). The bipyridine derivative [8](4+) exhibits a strong luminescence [quantum yield (phi) = 0.18] at 600 nm in EtOH/MeOH (4:1) glass (at 77 K), with an estimated excited-state lifetime of approximately 10 micros.