新型荧光双重敏感响应性壳聚糖衍生物的合成及其发光性能研究

为了开发新型多功能天然高分子荧光材料，合成出一种新型含有环氧丙氧基荧光素(EPF)基团的水溶性壳聚糖衍生物GCS-EPF, 并用IR，1H NMR，UV光谱和荧光光谱等手段进行结构和发光性能的研究. 结果表明, 修饰后水溶性壳聚糖(GCS)的水溶液、 固体粉末和薄膜在520 nm附近具有较强的荧光发射, 其荧光强度不仅在0-60 ℃时对度有较快敏感响应， 同时在pH=0-13.5时对pH也有较快敏感响应， 具有双重敏感响应, 因此可将其作为温度荧光探针和pH荧光探针的高分子材料.     

一种亲水性温敏聚合物荧光探针的制备及用于农产品中铝离子的检测

设计合成了一种亲水性温敏聚合物荧光探针,用于检测农产品中的Al~(3+)。通过可逆加成-断裂链转移(RAFT)聚合合成此聚合物荧光探针(L64-BTPA-SHMA),用 ~1H NMR对其进行表征,并通过荧光光谱对聚合物探针的识别性能进行了研究。结果表明,此聚合物荧光探针检测Al~(3+)的荧光响应信号受温度影响显著,温度越高,荧光强度越低。聚合物荧光探针在25℃和pH 7.4的缓冲溶液中对Al~(3+)有良好的选择性识别作用,且基本不受其它金属离子的影响。建立了基于此聚合物探针对Al~(3+)的荧光检测方法,响应信号与Al~(3+)浓度在2.0~18.0 μmol/L范围内呈线性关系,相关系数为0.9977,检出限为1.43 μmol/L。此聚合物荧光探针可应用于检测农产品中Al~(3+)残留,具有良好的实际应用价值。     

一种Hg~(2+)荧光探针的合成及其在活细胞成像中的应用（英文）

设计合成了一个新的罗丹明席夫碱类荧光探针1,其结构经~1H NMR、~(13)C NMR、MS和X射线单晶衍射的验证.通过紫外-可见光谱法和荧光光谱法研究了探针1在乙醇-水(V/V=7/3,HEPES 10 mmol/L,p H=7.0)中对Hg~(2+)的识别性能.探针1通过显著的荧光增强来识别Hg~(2+),并具有良好的选择性和抗干扰能力.通过Job’s plot和MS证明了探针1和Hg~(2+)形成1∶1的配合物.探针1的荧光强度与Hg~(2+)浓度(0~50μmol/L)呈良好的线性关系,可以定量地检测该范围内的Hg~(2+).在MGC-803活细胞中的荧光显微成像表明,探针1可检测生物体内的Hg~(2+).     

含氮杂环多芳基咪唑衍生物的合成及其光物理性能

以冰醋酸为溶剂和催化剂,苯偶酰/9,10-菲醌、3-吲哚甲醛/3-咔唑甲醛及醋酸铵经"一锅"反应高效合成了系列含吲哚或咔唑结构单元的多取代咪唑衍生物.考察了反应物配比、溶剂的选择和用量及温度等因素对反应的影响,研究了所合成化合物的光物理性能;筛选出对p H值敏感且结构独特的两个化合物作为p H荧光探针,检测在其作用下MCF-7细胞在不同p H值环境中的荧光成像,结果表明探针2-(9-苄基-9H-咔唑-3-基)-4,5-二苯基-1H-咪唑(2d)和2-(9-苄基-9H-咔唑-3-基)-1H-菲并[9,10-d]咪唑(4)都可用作检测活细胞内p H变化的p H荧光探针.     

一种基于喹唑啉酮衍生物的荧光探针对次氯酸根离子的识别

次氯酸根(ClO~-)在人体免疫系统中发挥着重要的作用,其识别与检测备受关注。本文设计合成了一种含有喹唑啉酮骨架的腙型荧光探针(HEMQ),并通过~1H NMR、~(13)C NMR、高分辨质谱(HRMS)表征了其结构。探针HEMQ在V(乙醇)∶V(水)=1∶1(c(PBS)=0.02 mol/L,pH=8.7)溶液中对ClO~-具有良好的选择性且响应快速,荧光发生显著猝灭。探针HEMQ对ClO~-具有较高的灵敏度,检测限为1.0×10-4mol/L。此外,ClO~-可引起探针溶液由黄色到无色的颜色变化,因此HEMQ可作为比色、荧光双通道响应的ClO~-探针。     

一种基于香豆素衍生物的铁离子水溶性荧光探针的合成及其应用

设计合成了一种基于香豆素衍生物的水溶性荧光探针7-二乙氨基-3-甲醛香豆素,并通过~1HNMR,~(13)CNMR和MS确认其结构。探针具有良好的荧光发射性能,荧光最大发射峰位于471 nm;向其中加入Fe~(3+)后,荧光强度随着Fe~(3+)浓度的增加而逐渐减弱。探针L的荧光发射强度与Fe~(3+)的浓度在0.02~60.00μmol/L范围内呈良好的线性关系,可对Fe~(3+)进行定性与定量检测,检出限为22 nmol/L(S/N=3),对Fe~(3+)的选择性良好,不受其它常见金属离子的干扰。此外,探针对Fe~(3+)的检测具有可逆性。本探针具有很好的水溶性,在生理p H环境中检测效果较好成功用于人体淋巴肿瘤细胞Ramos中Fe~(3+)荧光成像。     

一种基于AIE机理识别Fe2+的荧光探针研究

合成了一种基于苯并噻唑衍生物的Fe~(2+)荧光探针YBTM。YBTM具有聚集诱导发光(AIE)性质,考察了YBTM在DMF/H_2O混合溶液中的荧光性质。在DMF/H_2O(1/9,v/v,HEPES 10 m M,p H=7.4)溶液中,探针YBTM对Fe~(2+)具有良好的选择性,Fe~(2+)可引起荧光猝灭,探针对Fe~(2+)响应快速,检测限为2.46×10~(-6)M。以酒石酸二铵作为掩蔽剂消除Fe~(3+)的潜在干扰。此外,探针YBTM可用于MCF-7细胞中Fe~(2+)的荧光成像。     

一种新型比色荧光增强型CN~-探针的合成与性能研究

设计并合成一种具有席夫碱结构的新型荧光增强型探针7-(二丁基氨基)-2'-[(2-羟基苯亚甲基)氨基]-3-甲基-1-苯基-1H-螺[色烯并[2,3-c]吡唑-4,1'-异吲哚啉]-3'-酮(SCPz-S),通过(~1H NMR、~(13)C NMR及高分辨质谱(HRMS)对其结构进行了表征.利用紫外-可见光谱和荧光光谱考察探针SCPz-S的离子识别性能,研究发现探针SCPz-S在THF/H_2O(V∶V=1930∶50,5 mmol/L Tris-HCl,pH=7.4)中对CN-具有比色和荧光上的双重响应.加入CN-后,探针SCPz-S的体系会由无色变为淡黄色,在575 nm荧光增强1060倍.探针SCPz-S拥有良好的抗干扰能力和很广的p H适用范围(pH=3~12).探针对CN-的检出限达到1.121×10~(-8) mol/L,并对其识别机理进行了研究.     

掺氮高荧光碳点的一步法制备及对痕量Hg(Ⅱ)离子的选择性检测

采用一步水热法制备了一种水溶性的、具有良好荧光性能的掺氮碳量子点(N-碳点),其尺寸大小均匀,约为7 nm。N-碳点的荧光强度随N的掺杂量、水热反应温度、溶液的p H值而改变。在最佳反应条件下所制备的N-碳点的荧光量子产率高达24.4%。该N-碳点作为一种简单、低成本的荧光探针用于检测痕量Hg2+,具有高选择性和高灵敏度的特点,其最低检测极限可达到0.02μmol·L-1(4.012 ng)。     

共聚物Poly(DMAEMA-co-TPE-a)的合成及pH敏感荧光多孔光纤制备

将甲基丙烯酸N,N-二甲氨乙酯(DMAEMA)和微量荧光单体4-丙烯酰氧基四苯乙烯(TPE-a)经自由基共聚合制备了共聚物Poly(DMAEMA-co-TPE-a)(PDT),并通过引入交联剂N,N-亚甲基双丙烯酰胺(Bis)和致孔剂N,N-二甲基甲酰胺(DMF)制备了pH敏感荧光多孔光纤。采用FT-IR、~1 H-NMR、TG和SEM表征了产物的结构,研究了产物的荧光和pH响应性能。研究表明,共聚物PDT具有聚集诱导发光(AIE)效应,并具有较好的pH响应性能;当单体、交联剂和致孔剂的物质的量之比为60∶1∶40时,制备的pH敏感荧光多孔光纤具有较好的耐热性能、内部结构和pH响应性能。     

Synthesis of well-defined poly(N-isopropylacrylamide)-b-poly(L-glutamic acid) by a versatile approach and micellization

A novel Fmoc-protected chain transfer agent (CTA) was synthesized and applied in the reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) polymerization of N-isopropylacrylamide (NIPAAm), resulting in well-defined Fmoc-protected PNIPAAm and the amino-end capped PNIPAAm by the subsequent hydrolysis. Poly(N-isopropylacrylamide)-b-poly(l-glutamic acid) (PNIPAAm-b-PLGA) with controlled molecular weight and narrow molecular weight distribution was synthesized successfully via ring-opening polymerization (ROP) of alpha-amino acid N-carboxyanhydrides (NCAs) by using PNIPAAm-NH2 as the macroinitiator. Both pH- and thermo-responsive micellization behaviors of the block copolymer PNIPAAm55-b-PLGA35 in dilute aqueous solution were investigated by means of the pyrene fluorescence, circular dichroism, 1H NMR, transmission electron microscopy and dynamic and static light scattering. Spherical PLGA-core and rod-like PNIPAAm-core micelles are formed in response to pH and temperature. The reversible transition between the PLGA-core and PNIPAAm-core micelles was observed. This work provides a versatile approach for synthesizing well-defined stimuli-responsive polypeptide-based double hydrophilic diblock copolymers (DHBCs), and is of great potential for generating useful stimuli-responsive materials in biomedical applications.     

Recent approaches for clickable poly(2-oxazoline)-based functional stimuli-responsive polymers and related applications

Abstract

Poly(2-oxazoline)s (POxs) are well-known thermo-responsive polymers that exhibit reversible hydrophilic–hydrophobic phase transitions at the lower critical solution temperature (LCST). Using living cationic ring-opening polymerisation, various functional groups can be introduced into POxs. Several clickable POxs with propargyl or azide end groups have been designed and subsequently reacted with various functional groups to prepare multifunctional POxs that respond to stimuli such as temperature, pH, chemicals and light. In this article, we briefly review recent approaches for clickable POx-based functional stimuli-responsive polymers and related applications.     

Thermo-responsive behavior and microenvironments of poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) microgel particles as studied by fluorescent label method

Poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAM) microgel particles labeled with a fluorescent monomer 4-N-(2-acryloyloxyethyl)-N-methylamino-7-N,N-dimethylaminosulfonyl-2,1,3-benzoxadiazole (DBD-AE) were prepared by emulsion polymerization under various crosslinker concentrations. The thermo-responsive behavior and the microenvironment of the microgel particles were studied in water by turbidimetric and fluorescence analyses. For the microgel particles prepared under the crosslinker concentration of 1 mM, the turbidity began to increase at ca. 32.5 degrees C, but the relative fluorescence intensity dramatically increased and the wavelength at the maximum fluorescence intensity (lambda(max)) was dramatically blue-shifted both at ca. 31.5 degrees C with increasing the temperature, suggesting the hydrophobicity around the DBD-AE unit was dramatically increased and the subsequent shrinking of the microgel particles occurred. As the crosslinker concentration increased from 0.5 to 20 mM, the transition temperature determined by turbidimetric analysis was constant upto 2 mM, rose between 2 and 10 mM, leveled off above 10 mM, and was ca. 34 degrees C at 20 mM. The temperature-induced microenvironmental change inside the microgel particles was also reduced at high crosslinker concentrations. The results obtained from the fluorescence of the DBD-AE unit and another fluorescent monomer unit 3-(2-propenyl)-9-(4-N,N-dimethylaminophenyl)phenanthrene (VDP) suggested that the heterogeneity inside the microgel particles prepared under the crosslinker concentration of 20 mM became high.     

Thermo- and pH-responsive fluorescence behaviors of sulfur-functionalized detonation nanodiamond-poly(<Emphasis Type="Italic">N</Emphasis>-isopropylacrylamide)

Detonation nanodiamonds (DNDs) are emerging as bioimaging platforms due to their biocompability, small primary particle size, reactive surface, and stable fluorescence after modification. In this paper, a heteroatom engineering method is provided to fabricate the fluorescent DNDs through pyrolysis of dibenzyl disulfide. The quantum yield of these sulfur (S)-functionalized DNDs (SDNDs) increases with sulfur percentage. The solubility and stability of SDNDs in aqueous solution are also significantly increased due to the formation of hydrophilic sulfur groups on DND. Furthermore, these SDNDs are used to conjugate the stimuli-responsive poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAM) through the ‘graft from’ method. The conjugation demonstrated both pH- and thermo-responsive fluorescence behaviors, which shows promise to be used in ratiometric fluorescence sensing for the detection of intracellular pH and temperature values.     

Synthesis and self‐assembly of tadpole‐shaped organic/inorganic hybrid poly(N‐isopropylacrylamide) containing polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane via RAFT polymerization

Aminopropylisobutyl polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane (POSS) was used to prepare a POSS‐containing reversible addition‐fragmentation transfer (RAFT) agent. The POSS‐containing RAFT agent was used in the RAFT polymerization of N‐isopropylacrylamide (NIPAM) to produce tadpole‐shaped organic/inorganic hybrid Poly(N‐isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAM). The results show that the POSS‐containing RAFT agent was an effective chain transfer agent in the RAFT polymerization of NIPAM, and the polymerization kinetics were found to be pseudo‐first‐order behavior. The thermal properties of the organic/inorganic hybrid PNIPAM were also characterized by differential scanning calorimetry. The glass transition temperature (T_g) of the tadpole‐shaped inorganic/organic hybrid PNIPAM was enhanced by POSS molecule. The self‐assembly behavior of the tadpole‐shaped inorganic/organic hybrid PNIPAM was investigated by atomic force microscopy and dynamic light scattering. The results show the core‐shell nanostructured micelles with a uniform diameter. The diameter of the micelle increases with the molecular weight of the hybrid PNIPAM. Surprisingly, the micelle of the tadpole‐shaped inorganic/organic hybrid PNIPAM with low molecular weight has a much bigger and more compact core than that with high molecular weight. © Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 46: 7049–7061, 2008     

上转换荧光响应性复合纳米凝胶的制备及荧光能量传递行为

采用水热法合成NaYF₄∶Yb³⁺,Er³⁺稀土纳米晶, 再经3-苄基三硫代碳酸酯基丙酸(BSPA)修饰, 制得功能化纳米晶体; 以罗丹明6G(R6G)为母体荧光染料, 经一系列反应合成了乙烯基功能化单体罗丹明6G酰基邻羧基苯甲肼腙(R6GHA); 将功能化纳米晶体与R6GHA构成荧光共振能量传递(FRET)的“给体/受体”对, 通过可逆加成断裂链转移(RAFT)聚合和“点击化学”反应, 合成具有多重响应性复合荧光纳米凝胶NaYF₄∶Yb³⁺,Er³⁺/PNIPAm-co-R6GHA. 采用TEM, XRD, FTIR和DSC对产物的微观结构进行了表征; 采用上转换荧光光谱(PL)研究了该复合纳米凝胶对pH值、 环境温度和不同金属离子的荧光响应行为, 并对相关机理进行了探讨. 结果表明, 环境温度变化对复合纳米凝胶的荧光发射具有显著影响, 且该复合纳米凝胶对Hg²⁺具有选择性荧光响应; 在H⁺或Hg²⁺作用下, 复合纳米凝胶中纳米晶和R6GHA之间会发生荧光共振能量传递; 通过纳米凝胶中纳米晶与R6GHA特征荧光发射峰比率的变化, 实现对Hg²⁺的检测.     

Synthesis and characterization of silsesquioxane-cored star-shaped hybrid polymer via “grafting from” RAFT polymerization

Organic/inorganic hybrid polymers have been widely studied for their potential use in nanocontainers and nanocarriers.In this article,one star-shaped hybrid polymer,polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane (POSS) grafted poly (N,N-(dimethylamino) ethyl methacrylate)(POSS-g-PDMA),was synthesized via reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer polymerization (RAFT).The pH stimuli-responsive character of POSS-g-PDMA in aqueous solution were also studied.     

FLUORESCENCE AND PHOTOCHEMISTRY OF OLIGOCYTIDYLIC AND POLYCYTIDYLIC ACIDS IN AQUEOUS SOLUTION

Abstract —In addition to the monomer-like fluorescence, a long-wavelength emission (Λ^max_em= 410 nm) has been detected in the dinucleoside 5'-5' pyrophosphate (CppC) at room temperature. This emission looks very similar to that previously reported for the acidic forms of Poly C (Poly C. Poly C⁺ and Poly I. Poly C. Poly C⁺). Only the monomer-like emission (Λ^max_em= 330 nm) can be detected in neutral Poly C, acidic CppC, and the neutral or protonated forms of the dinucleoside phosphate CpC.A correlation between the room temperature fluorescence of oligo and polycytidylic acids and their photochemical behaviour is found. Irradiation of all the polymeric samples at both neutral and acid pH results in the formation of minor photoproducts. They have been characterized by their absorbance (in the range 300–400 nm) and their fluorescence spectra. The same product is obtained in all cases where the monomer-like fluorescence only is detected. Distinct products are formed in neutral CppC and in the acidic Poly C forms.
The results are discussed with respect to the conformation of the oligo and polycytidylic acids and possible relationships between the 410–420 nm emission and adduct formation. An excimer is proposed as a common, intermediate excited state in both radiative deactivation and adduct formation in neutral CppC and the acidic Poly C forms.     

Surface-modulated and thermoresponsive polyphosphoesternanoparticles for enhanced intracellular drug delivery

The chemical structure of end groups influenced the phase transition temperature of thermoresponsive polymers. We demonstrated a strategy for the preparation of the pH/thermo-responsive polymeric nanoparticles via subtle modification of end groups of thermoresponsive polymer segments with a carboxyl group and revealed its potential application for enhanced intracellular drug delivery. By developing a polymeric nanoparticle composed of poly(aliphatic ester) as the inner core and thermoresponsive polyphosphoester as the outer shell, we showed that end groups of thermoresponsive polyphosphoester segments modified by carboxyl groups exhibited a pH/thermo-responsive behavior due to the hydrophilic to hydrophobic transitions of the end groups in response to the pH. Moreover, by encapsulating doxorubicin into the hydrophobic core of such pH/thermo-responsive polymer nanoparticles, their intracellular delivery and cytotoxicity to wild-type and drug-resistant tumor cells were significantly enhanced through the phase-transition-dependent drug release that was triggered by endosomal/lysosomal pH. This novel strategy and the multi-responsive polymer nanoparticles achieved by the subtle chain-terminal modification of thermoresponsive polymers provide a smart platform for biomedical applications.     

Thioflavin T hydroxylation at basic pH and its effect on amyloid fibril detection

The fluorescent dye thioflavin T (ThT) is commonly used for in situ amyloid fibril detection. In this work, we focused on the spectroscopic properties and chemical stability of ThT in aqueous solution as a function of pH, temperature, and dye concentration. A reversible hydroxylation process occurs in alkaline solutions, which was characterized using a combination of UV-vis absorption spectroscopy, proton NMR, and density functional theory (DFT). On the basis of these studies, we propose a chemical structure for the hydroxylated form. Finally, by means of fluorescence spectroscopy, ThT hydroxylation effects on in situ amyloid detection have been investigated, providing new insights on the efficiency of the ThT assay for quantitative fibril evaluation at basic pH.