3,4,5-三羟基苯甲酸通过线粒体途径诱导人肝癌细胞SMMC-7721的凋亡

采用四甲基偶氮唑盐(MTT)观察3,4,5-三羟基苯甲酸(TBA)对人肝癌SMMC-7721细胞的增殖抑制作用; 通过流式细胞仪检测细胞凋亡、细胞内活性氧(ROS)及线粒体膜电位的变化, 用比色法测定Caspase-9和Caspase-3蛋白活性, 探讨TBA 诱导SMMC-7721细胞凋亡的分子机制. 研究结果表明, TBA对SMMC-7721细胞生长具有显著的抑制作用并诱导其凋亡, 诱导SMMC-7721细胞凋亡作用可能通过线粒体信号传导通路实现.     

新型青蒿砜-酯类衍生物的合成及其抗癌活性研究

以双氢青蒿素为起始原料,经胺化、氧化、烷基化、酯化反应,快速、高效地合成了一系列青蒿砜系列衍生物,目标化合物的结构通过IR、1H NMR、13C NMR和HRMS得到了确证;以四甲基偶氮唑盐比色法(MTT法),研究了该类化合物对人肝癌细胞株SMMC-7721的抗癌活性.初步研究结果表明,该类化合物具有明显地抑制人肝癌细胞增殖、诱导其凋亡的细胞活性,给药72 h,半数抑制浓度IC50最优值为0.06μmol/L.同时采用Annexin/PI流式细胞分析法检测化合物7b对人肝癌细胞SMMC-7721的凋亡情况,结果显示实验组与正常对照组相比人肝癌细胞早期凋亡率和总凋亡率均显著增加.在与青蒿素、双氢青蒿素(DHA)和青蒿砜的对比实验中发现,该类化合物的抗肿瘤活性明显提高,表现出了该类化合物在抗癌药物开发方面具有潜在的应用价值.     

含1,3,4-噻二唑的二硫醚衍生物的合成及抗肿瘤活性研究

以硫醇、硫脲、2-氨基-5-巯基-1,3,4-噻二唑等为原料,通过两步反应合成了10个新的含1,3,4-噻二唑的二硫醚衍生物,并利用IR,~1H NMR,ESI-MS和元素分析对目标化合物进行了结构表征.采用CCK-8法测试了目标产物对人体肝癌细胞SMMC-7721,乳腺癌细胞MCF-7和肺癌细胞A549等肿瘤细胞的增殖抑制活性.结果表明,对于不同的肿瘤细胞,大多数试验化合物显示了较好的增殖抑制活性,且其活性优于阳性对照药5-氟尿嘧啶.尤其是正丙基(2-氨基-1,3,4-噻二唑-5-基)二硫醚(3b)和正丁基(2-氨基-1,3,4-噻二唑-5-基)二硫醚(3d),对SMMC-7721细胞显示了高效的增殖抑制效果,IC50值分别为1.68和1.93μmol/L.4-氯苄基(2-氨基-1,3,4-噻二唑-5-基)二硫醚(3i)对MCF-7细胞表现了显著的抗增殖活性(IC50值为1.78μmol/L),且对A549细胞展现了最好的抑制效果(IC50值为4.04μmol/L).     

四氢吡啶并[4,3-d]二氢嘧啶酮衍生物的合成及其初步抗癌活性测定

为寻找新型抗癌药物的先导化合物,设计合成了16种未见文献报道的四氢吡啶并[4,3-d]二氢嘧啶酮衍生物2a～2p,结构经1H NMR,IR,MS,元素分析确证.初步的生物活性测试结果表明,在100μg/mL浓度下,目标化合物对白血病K562细胞的增殖表现出显著的抑制活性,对卵巢癌HO-8910和肝癌SMMC-7721细胞系的增殖也表现出一定的抑制活性.     

新型双氢青蒿素哌嗪-芳香酰胺类化合物的合成及其抗肿瘤活性的初步评价

以双氢青蒿素为起始原料,在草酰氯作用下无需分离,随后在"一锅煮"条件下与哌嗪作用得到胺类化合物,该类化合物与芳香酰氯作用,快速、高效地合成了6种新型芳酰胺类双氢青蒿素哌嗪衍生物。所有化合物通过IR、1H NMR、13C NMR和HR-MS得到结构确认。同时,以四甲基偶氮唑盐比色法(MTT法)研究了该类化合物对人肝癌细胞株SMMC-7721的抑制活性。初步研究结果表明,该类化合物具有明显抑制人肝癌细胞增殖、诱导其凋亡的细胞活性,给药72h,半抑制浓度IC50最优值仅为0.04μmol/L。在与青蒿素、双氢青蒿素的对比实验中发现,该类化合物的抗癌活性明显提高,表现出该类化合物具有潜在的开发和应用价值。     

新型青蒿砜-哌嗪-磺酰胺类衍生物的合成及抗癌活性

以双氢青蒿素为起始原料,经胺化、氧化、烷基化、胺化和酰化反应,快速、高效地合成了青蒿砜及其衍生物,并对所有化合物进行了结构确定.采用四甲基偶氮唑盐比色法(MTT法)研究了该类化合物对人肝癌细胞株SMMC-7721的细胞毒活性,初步研究结果表明,该类化合物具有明显的抑制人肝癌细胞增殖、诱导其凋亡的细胞活性,给药72h,半抑制浓度IC50最优值为0.09μmol/mL.     

胰岛素样生长因子-1对血管平滑肌细胞PI3K／PTEN信号通路的影响

目的：探讨胰岛素样生长因子-1(IGF-1)促血管平滑肌细胞(VSMC)增殖的细胞内信号转导机制。方法：体外培养的兔血管平滑肌细胞分3组处理，以细胞计数、噻唑盐比色法测定细胞增殖能力，以磷脂酰肌醇-3激酶(PI3K)特异性抑制剂渥漫青霉素(WT)孵育细胞间接反映PI3K作用。Western Blot定量磷酸酶PTEN表达水平，免疫沉淀、特异底物diC16PIP3绿色试剂法测定PTEN脂质磷酸酶活性。结果：IGF-1(100μg／L)使细胞计数及MTT比色A值分别增加至对照组的2．8倍和3．8倍，WT抑制VSMC增殖，并完全逆转IGF-1的作用(均P<0.01)。各浓度IGF-1对PTEN蛋白表达水平无明显影响，其对PTEN活性的抑制呈浓度(10～100μg／L)及时间(3min～24h)依赖性(均P<0．01)。结论：IGF-I促VSMC增殖作用与活化PI3K蛋白激酶的促生长活性及抑制PTEN脂质磷酸酶的负性调节细胞生长作用有关。     

基于肿瘤靶向的水飞蓟宾-氨基酸席夫碱的合成及性质研究

以水飞蓟宾和氨基酸为原料,通过常规方法合成了一系列具有靶向性的水飞蓟宾-氨基酸席夫碱,并对其抗肿瘤作用进行研究.采用核磁共振碳谱、质谱和红外光谱对已合成的水飞蓟宾-氨基酸席夫碱(氨基酸=甘氨酸(1)、丙氨酸(2)、赖氨酸(3)、苯丙氨酸(4)、谷氨酸(5)、半胱氨酸(6))进行结构表征.采用MTT法对化合物1-6及水飞蓟宾进行抗肝癌细胞SMMC-7721的活性研究,抑制率分别为70.2%,53.7%,47.8%,55.6%,49.2%,51.8%,33.3%.体外抗肿瘤活性实验表明,水飞蓟宾-氨基酸席夫碱系列化合物对人肝癌细胞株SMMC-7721均有抑制作用,且明显高于水飞蓟宾母核.实现了以氨基酸为载体,将具有抗肿瘤活性的天然药物靶向运输至癌细胞内,极具肝靶向药物开发潜力.     

基于电喷雾电离质谱的人肝癌细胞HepG2与正常肝细胞L02的N-糖链的定性定量比较

以培养的原发性肝癌细胞HepG2和正常肝细胞L02为研究对象,采用细胞裂解液提取总蛋白,用PNGase F酶解释放N-糖链,以微晶纤维素柱结合石墨碳柱纯化分离N-糖链,通过电喷雾电离质谱(ESI-MS)和串联质谱(MS/MS)对N-糖链进行序列鉴定,以β-环糊精为内标对2种细胞系的N-糖链进行了定量比较分析.结果表明,在肝癌细胞系HepG2和正常细胞系L02中共检测到26种N-糖链,与L02相比,HepG2的大多数高甘露糖型糖链、唾液酸化糖链和岩藻糖基化糖链的数量都明显升高,其中有15种糖链在数量上具有极显著性差异(p0.01),1种糖链具有显著性差异(p0.05).本研究为进一步探索肝癌中各类N-糖链的表达特点及发现早期肝癌糖链标志物提供了参考.     

毛姜花中的细胞毒活性二萜成分

从毛姜花(Hedychium villosum Wall.)中分离得到1个新二萜(1)和1个已知二萜(3). 新二萜命名为Villosumcoronarin, 该化合物在氯仿或甲醇溶液中发生异构化, 部分转化为其差向异构体1'; 其平面结构经质谱、红外光谱、氢谱、碳谱及无畸变极化转移增强技术(DEPT)、氢氢相关谱(¹H-¹H COSY)和异核多键相关谱(HMBC)等方法确证; 其相对构型由氢谱、ROESY及量化计算确证. 化合物3用琼斯试剂氧化后得到化合物4. 生物活性筛选结果表明, 化合物1对人白血病细胞株(HL-60)和肝癌细胞株(SMMC-7721)具有强的细胞毒活性, 其活性超过阳性对照顺铂(DDP). 化合物4对HL-60和SMMC-7721细胞具有显著的细胞毒活性.     

Effects of oxymatrine on proliferation and apoptosis in human hepatoma cells

Oxymatrine, a natural quinolizidine alkaloid, has been known having cytotoxic and chemopreventive effects on various cancer cells. To investigate the possible mechanism of oxymatrine's role on cancer cells, in the present study, we examined further the effects of oxymatrine on the growth, proliferation, apoptosis and expression of bcl-2 and p53 gene in human hepatoma SMMC-7721 cells in vitro. Our results show that oxymatrine notably inhibits the growth and proliferation of SMMC-7721 cells and it present a dose-dependence and time-dependence manner within definite reacting dose and time. Oxymatrine block SMMC-7721 cells in G2/M and S phase; prevent cells entering into G0/G1 phase. It results in an obvious accumulation of G2/M and S phase cells while decrease of G0/G1 phase cells. Oxymatrine induce apoptosis of SMMC-7721 cells and apoptotic rate amount to about 60% after treatment with 1.0 mg/ml oxymatrine for 48 h. We also find that oxymatrine down-regulate expression of bcl-2 gene while up-regulate expression of p53 gene. These results demonstrate that oxymatrine inhibit the proliferation and induce apoptosis of human hepatoma SMMC-7721 cells, and suggest that this effect was mediated probably by a significant cell cycle blockage in G2/M and S phase, down-regulation of bcl-2 and up-regulation of p53.     

Inhibitory Effects of Phenylacetic Acid on Proliferation of Human Pancreatic Carcinoma BXPC-3 Cells by the Regulation of Adenosine Deaminases Acting on RNA

The effect and mechanism of phenylacetic acid on the proliferation of pancreatic carcinoma cells were investigated in cultured pancreatic carcinoma BXPC-3 cells by means of 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay and flow cytometry assay.The results show that the treatment of pancreatic carcinoma cells with phenylacetic acid significantly inhibited the cell proliferation in time-dependent and dose-dependent manners.The proliferation of BXPC-3 cells was inhibited at the stage of S phase,the cells at the end stage of S phase were accumulated abundantly,and thus DNA synthesis could not be accomplished entirely.In addition,the expression of adenosine deaminases acting on RNA(ADARs) mRNA in BXPC-3 cells and pancreatic carcinoma specimen were detected by RT-PCR.Having been treated with phenylacetic acid,ADAR2 mRNA in BXPC-3 cells was significantly decreased,the differences were of statistical significance(P0.01).Taken together,these results suggest that phenylacetic acid may likely regulate the proliferation of pancreatic carcinoma cells through the regulation of ADAR2 mRNA expression.     

Camptothecin-20(s)-O-[N-(3'α,12'α-dihydroxy-24'-carbonyl-5'β-cholan)]-lysine, a novel camptothecin analogue, induces apoptosis towards hepatocellular carcinoma SMMC-7721 cells

Camptothecin-20(s)-O-[N-(3'α,12'α-dihydroxy-24'-carbonyl-5'β-cholan)]-lysine (B2) is a novel camptothecin analogue. Our previous study had shown that it displayed higher cytoxicity activity towards hepatocellular carcinoma SMMC-7721 cells than camptothecin (CPT) in vitro. In this paper, the underlying mechanism of anti-proliferation of B2 towards SMMC-7721 cells was further examined. Cell growth inhibition of B2 was determined using the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay; morphological changes were observed under Laser Scanning Confocal Microscope (LSCM); cell cycle distribution, apoptotic population, changes in mitochondrial membrane potential, intracellular calcium concentration and reactive oxygen species (ROS) production were determined by flow cytometry (FCM). Activities of caspase-3 and caspase-9 were measured, and the expression level of Bcl-2 and Bax proteins were analyzed by Western blot. The results suggested that B2 inhibited SMMC-7721 cell growth by causing cell cycle arrest at the S and G2/M phases, and induced apoptosis involving a mitochondrial pathway. B2 appears to cause a high induction of apoptosis on SMMC-7721 cells in vitro, which suggests it might be a potential drug for cancer therapy.     

Aquaporin 1 Facilitated Hepatocellular Carcinoma SMMC7221 Cell Migration Associated with Water Permeability

The authors investigated the regulation of human aquaporin 1(hAQP1) and the involvement of aquaporin 1(AQP1) in the migration of human hepatocellular carcinoma SMMC-7221 cells using RNA intereference technology. Firstly, two short hairpin RNA(shRNA) constructs in PBSU6 vector were reconstructed and their knockdown effects were identified in SMMC-7221 cells. Next, the involvement of endogenous hAQP1 in regulating the migration of SMMC-7221 cells was investigated via siRNA technology. HAQP1-shRNA can specific...     

SFE-CO2 extract from Typhonium giganteum Engl. tubers, induces apoptosis in human hepatoma SMMC-7721 cells involvement of a ROS-mediated mitochondrial pathway

Typhonium giganteum Engl. (BaiFuzi) is one of the herbs commonly used in traditional Chinese medicine against cancer. In our previous studies, 37 compounds were identified the SFE-CO(2) (supercritical fluid extraction with CO(2)) extract by GC-MS, including the four major components [β-sitosterol (40.22%), campesterol (18.45%), n-hexadecanoic acid (9.52%) and (Z,Z)-9,12-octadecadienoic acid (8.15%)]. The anti-cancer mechanisms of the SFE-CO(2 )extract from T. giganteum Engl. tubers have not been reported as yet. In this paper, the molecular mechanisms of the SFE-CO(2) extract-mediated apoptosis in SMMC-7721 cells were further examined. SFE-CO(2) extract inhibited the growth of SMMC-7721 cells in a time- and dose-dependent manner, arrested the cell cycle in the S phase and G2/M phase, and induced apoptosis. In addition, reactive oxygen species (ROS) increase, reduction of mitochondrial membrane potential, a rise in intracellular calcium levels were found in SMMC-7721 cells after treated with the extract. Western blot analysis showed that the extract caused down-regulation of Bcl-2 expression, and up-regulation of Bax expression. Moreover, caspase-3 and caspase-9 protease activity significantly increased in a dose-dependent manner. Collectively, our results showed that the SFE-CO(2) extract from T. giganteum Engl. tubers induces apoptosis in SMMC-7721 cells involving a ROS-mediated mitochondrial signalling pathway.     

Apoptosis Induced by Aqueous Extracts of Crocodile Bile in Human Heptacarcinoma SMMC-7721

In the present study, effects of aqueous extracts from Crocodylus siamensis bile (AE-CB) on SMMC-7721 cell growth, cell cycle, and apoptosis were investigated by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide assay, inverted microscopy, fluorescence microscopy, propidium iodide (PI) single- and fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC)/PI double-staining flow cytometry, and western blotting. Our data have revealed that AE-CB significantly inhibited the growth of SMMC-7721 cell and arrested cell cycle at G0/G1 phase. SMMC-7721 cells showed typical apoptotic morphological changes after treated with AE-CB for 48 h. Cell death assay indicated that SMMC-7721 cells underwent apoptosis in a dose-dependent manner induced by AE-CB. In addition, AE-CB treatment could downregulate the protein level of Bcl-2 and upregulate the Bax, leading to the increase in the ratio of Bax to Bcl-2 in SMMC-7721 cells. Meanwhile, it was observed that the expression of Survivin and c-Myc decreased, but the expression of P53 increased. All these events were associated with increase of reactive oxygen species. The data indicated that mitochondrial pathway might play an important role in bile extract-induced apoptosis in SMMC-7721 cells. These results provide significant insight into the anticarcinogenic action of bile extract on SMMC-7721 cells.     

Substrate analogues for an RNA-editing adenosine deaminase: mechanistic investigation and inhibitor design

ADARs are adenosine deaminases that act on RNA and are responsible for RNA-editing reactions that occur in eukaryotic mRNAs, including the mRNAs of glutamate and serotonin receptors. ADARs capable of editing biologically relevant RNA substrates have been identified. In addition, the consequence of the RNA-editing reaction on the function of the gene product is known in several cases. However, our understanding of the chemical mechanism of the ADAR-catalyzed adenosine deamination in RNA is lagging. By studying analogues of a naturally occurring substrate for ADAR2, we infer features of the enzyme's active site and reaction mechanism. 8-Aza substitution at adenosine in various RNA substrates accelerates the rate of deamination at these sites by ADAR2 (2.8-17-fold). The magnitude of this "aza effect" depends on the RNA structural context of the reacting nucleotide. N(6)-Methyladenosine in RNA is a slow substrate for ADAR2 (rate is 2% that of adenosine), with no product observed with N(6)-ethyladenosine, suggesting a limited size of the leaving group pocket. 2,6-Diaminopurine ribonucleoside in RNA is not a substrate for ADAR, in contrast to adenosine deaminase (ADA), which catalyzes a similar reaction on nucleosides. This and other results indicate that ADAR2 uses a base recognition strategy different from that of ADA. Consistent with the large 8-aza effect observed for the ADAR2 reaction, we find that 8-azanebularine, as the free nucleoside, inhibits the ADAR2 reaction (IC(50) = 15 +/- 3 mM) with no inhibition observed with nebularine or coformycin.