Tb3+在MO(M=Ca,Sr)中的长余辉发光

长余辉发光材料的研究与应用，已有近100年的历史，目前仍在许多领域中有着重要应用。此类材料与其他光致发光材料具有相同的发光性能．只是更注重其发光的衰减过程和热释光性能。如．ZnS：Cu作为黄绿色的长余辉发光材料，在1992年以前是余辉性能最好的长余辉发光材料，一直处于发光研究工作的中心。     

基于Eu~(2+)与Sm~(3+)的几种新型多色长余辉材料

长余辉发光材料因其节能环保的特点备受人们关注,目前能够满足实际应用的只有绿色长余辉发光材料,严重缺乏具备一定性能的红、黄色等长波长发射的长余辉发光材料。此外,长余辉发光机制尚未取得共识,所提出的相关机制模型均具有一定的局限性,无法为长余辉发光材料的开发和研究提供有力的理论指导。针对上述问题,主要介绍了近期研制的几种不同余辉颜色的新型长余辉材料,并根据材料发光、余辉等特性对余辉机制进行了探讨。     

基于过渡金属离子Mn~(4+),Cr~(3+)的长波长余辉发光材料的研究进展

区别于稀土离子掺杂长波长余辉发光材料,过渡金属离子掺杂长波(600～1300 nm)长余辉发光材料因其稳定高效的宽带发光被应用于生物成像和药物输送等领域,特别是在生物成像领域被广泛研究。近年来,这一领域的基础研究和应用探索取得了长足的进步,但余辉性能仍然有待提高。主要以发光中心离子为线索总结了近年来报道的过渡金属离子掺杂长波长余辉发光材料,讨论了其余辉性能的优化途径,并介绍了过渡金属离子掺杂长波长余辉发光纳米探针在生物医学领域的应用。最后,对目前相关研究的发展前景进行了展望。     

固溶体结构对Ca_(2-x)Sr_xZn_4Ti_(15)O_(36)∶Pr~(3+)发光性质的影响

0引言在绿色和蓝色长余辉发光材料达到应用程度之后,耐候性红色长余辉发光材料成为人们研究的重点。Eu3 、Sm3 激活的硫氧化物[1￣3]、Eu2 铝锶复合硫氧化物[4]和Y2O3∶Eu3 [5]等耐热耐水性红色长余辉材料被相继发现。Pr3 离子掺杂的碱土金属钛酸盐(M TiO3∶Pr,M=M g,Ca,Sr,Ba)是一种新型的红色长余辉发光材料。这种发光材料在615nm附近有很好的单色性红光发射。碱土金属钛酸盐基质化学性能稳定,已开始应用于场发射显示器(FE D)[6,7]。碱土金属钛酸盐是A BO3型化合物,具有钙钛矿结构。B all[8]曾通过在CaTiO3中掺入不同量的Sr2 …     

长余辉发光材料研究进展

90年代发现和发展起来的铝酸盐体系长余辉发光材料是一类重要的新 型能源材料和节能材料。本文主要综述了最近几年来铝酸盐体系中长人科辉发光研究进展。指出了氧化物体系长余辉发光材料的特点和优势,总结了新型长余辉发光材料的基质和激活剂种类、性质及其对稀土 离子 长余辉发光性能的影响和作用,概括了长余辉发光模型,并提出了今后研究和应用的发展方向。     

Er~(3 ),Ho~(3 )和Tm~(3 )在硫氧化钆中的余辉发光

非放射性长余辉磷光粉作为美化和清洁光源在发光陶瓷、交通安全标志、紧急突发事件的照明设施、工艺美术涂料等众多领域得到越来越广泛的应用,引起人们的重视.到目前为止,文献报道的稀土长余辉磷光体的激活离子主要有铕离子(Eu3+和Eu2+[1-4]、三价铈离子(Ce3+)[5]、三价铽离子(Tb3+)[6]、三价镨离子(Pr3+)[7]、三价钐离子(Sm3+)[8].Ho3+,Er3+,Tm3+等稀土离子作为红外上转换发光材料的激活离子[9～12],而关于它们的长余辉发光的报道极少.最近,雷炳富等在Tm3+离子[13]激活的硫氧化钇体系中发现了长余辉发光.在此,我们通过高温固相法合成了Er3+,Ho3+和Tm3+掺杂的硫氧化钆长余辉磷光粉,观察到该体系中迄今未见文献报道的Er3+,Ho3+和Tm3+离子的长余辉发光.     

一种新的橙红色长余辉荧光材料Y2O2S∶Sm3+

铜激活的硫化锌(ZnS∶Cu)和铕激活的硫化钙(CaS∶Eu)是最早获得应用的蓝色和红色长余辉材料. 随后, 相继发现了铝酸盐体系和硅酸盐体系两大类长余辉荧光材料[1～3]. 这两类长余辉荧光材料在发光亮度、余辉时间、稳定性方面都较前述硫化物系列长余辉荧光材料有很大提高, 从而具有非常广阔的应用前景和应用范围[4～6]. 但这两类长余辉荧光材料的发光颜色一般为蓝紫、蓝或黄绿, 没有红色发光现象. 随着研究的深入, 人们发现了稀土元素激活的碱土钛酸盐红色长余辉荧光材料, 这种荧光材料在发光亮度及余辉上都有明显的提高[7,8], 而且解决了硫化物不稳定的缺点. 近年来才发展起来的以碱土金属氧化物为发光基质, 以Eu3+为激活剂的红色长余辉荧光材料进一步提高了余辉亮度及时间[9].     

长余辉纳米材料的控制合成及在疾病诊断中的应用

长余辉纳米材料具有独特的发光性质, 能在激发光关闭后持续发光. 通过收集激发光关闭后的长余辉发光信号可以有效消除背景信号的干扰. 此外, 长余辉材料在成像时无需原位激发, 可以减少生物体系的组织自发荧光和光散射干扰, 提高生物成像和检测的灵敏度. 由于这种独特的光学特性, 长余辉纳米材料在生物传感/生物成像以及疾病治疗等领域被广泛应用. 近年来, 为满足疾病相关生物标志物的体外检测及体内生物成像的应用要求, 控制合成发光性能优异、 生物相容性好的长余辉纳米材料成为研究热点.     

SrAl2O4:Eu2+,Dy3+长余辉材料发光性能与温度依赖研究

对SrAl2O4:Eu2+,Dy3+长余辉材料在100～500 K温度之间的发光性能进行研究.实验结果表明,材料的荧光及余辉强度在特定温度区间内呈线性变化,在热释峰所在温度范围具有较好的发光性能.其变化规律表明SrAl2O4:Eu2+,Dy3+长余辉材料内部陷阱中电子的释放包括瞬时释放和延时释放两种类型,其中电子瞬时释放进而跃迁发光是荧光的组成部分,延时释放产生的跃迁则导致余辉发光.陷阱和电子的复合与陷阱中电子释放过程均随温度升高而增强,但温度过高时会发生热猝灭.材料荧光强度与余辉强度在特定温度区间内随温度呈线性变化关系表明其可以作为一种光纤温度传感材料.     

(CaO)20.68(MgO)1.32(SiO2)4S2∶Eu2+,Dy3+红光材料的制备与发光特性

研究了峰值波长651nm的红色发光材料(CaO)20.68(MgO)1.32(SiO2)4S2∶Eu2 ,Dy3 的制备及发光特性。通过XRD分析表明硫气氛中合成的材料为具有硫成分的硅酸盐相。红光发射带为硫元素进入晶格后在发光中心周围形成了类似长余辉材料CaS∶Eu2 ,Cl-的局域结构。这也使材料具有了硫化物长余辉材料的发射光谱特征和硅酸盐材料高化学稳定性和高亮度的优点。热释光测量揭示它可能是一种潜在的红色长余辉材料。     

OH(3) (-) and O(2)H(5) (-) double Rydberg anions: predictions and comparisons with NH(4) (-) and N(2)H(7) (-)

A low barrier in the reaction pathway between the double Rydberg isomer of OH(3) (-) and a hydride-water complex indicates that the former species is more difficult to isolate and characterize through anion photoelectron spectroscopy than the well known double Rydberg anion (DRA), tetrahedral NH(4) (-). Electron propagator calculations of vertical electron detachment energies (VEDEs) and isosurface plots of the electron localization function disclose that the transition state's electronic structure more closely resembles that of the DRA than that of the hydride-water complex. Possible stabilization of the OH(3) (-) DRA through hydrogen bonding or ion-dipole interactions is examined through calculations on O(2)H(5) (-) species. Three O(2)H(5) (-) minima with H(-)(H(2)O)(2), hydrogen-bridged, and DRA-molecule structures resemble previously discovered N(2)H(7) (-) species and have well separated VEDEs that may be observable in anion photoelectron spectra.     

Bis(trifluoroacetyl) peroxide, CF(3)C(O)OOC(O)CF(3)

Pure, highly explosive CF(3)C(O)OOC(O)CF(3) is prepared for the first time by low-temperature reaction between CF(3)C(O)Cl and Na(2)O(2). At room temperature CF(3)C(O)OOC(O)CF(3) is stable for days in the liquid or gaseous state. The melting point is -37.5 degrees C, and the boiling point is extrapolated to 44 degrees C from the vapor pressure curve log p = -1875/T + 8.92 (p/mbar, T/K). Above room temperature the first-order unimolecular decay into C(2)F(6) + CO(2) occurs with an activation energy of 129 kJ mol(-1). CF(3)C(O)OOC(O)CF(3) is a clean source for CF(3) radicals as demonstrated by matrix-isolation experiments. The pure compound is characterized by NMR, vibrational, and UV spectroscopy. The geometric structure is determined by gas electron diffraction and quantum chemical calculations (HF, B3PW91, B3LYP, and MP2 with 6-31G basis sets). The molecule possesses syn-syn conformation (both C=O bonds synperiplanar to the O-O bond) with O-O = 1.426(10) A and dihedral angle phi(C-O-O-C) = 86.5(32) degrees. The density functional calculations reproduce the experimental structure very well.     

Syntheses and structures of the infinite chain compounds Cs(4)Ti(3)Se(13), Rb(4)Ti(3)S(14), Cs(4)Ti(3)S(14), Rb(4)Hf(3)S(14), Rb(4)Zr(3)Se(14), Cs(4)Zr(3)Se(14), and Cs(4)Hf(3)Se(14)

The alkali metal/group 4 metal/polychalcogenides Cs(4)Ti(3)Se(13), Rb(4)Ti(3)S(14), Cs(4)Ti(3)S(14), Rb(4)Hf(3)S(14), Rb(4)Zr(3)Se(14), Cs(4)Zr(3)Se(14), and Cs(4)Hf(3)Se(14) have been synthesized by means of the reactive flux method at 823 or 873 K. Cs(4)Ti(3)Se(13) crystallizes in a new structure type in space group C(2)(2)-P2(1) with eight formula units in a monoclinic cell at T = 153 K of dimensions a = 10.2524(6) A, b = 32.468(2) A, c = 14.6747(8) A, beta = 100.008(1) degrees. Cs(4)Ti(3)Se(13) is composed of four independent one-dimensional [Ti(3)Se(13)(4-)] chains separated by Cs(+) cations. These chains adopt hexagonal closest packing along the [100] direction. The [Ti(3)Se(13)(4-)] chains are built from the face- and edge-sharing of pentagonal pyramids and pentagonal bipyramids. Formal oxidation states cannot be assigned in Cs(4)Ti(3)Se(13). The compounds Rb(4)Ti(3)S(14), Cs(4)Ti(3)S(14), Rb(4)Hf(3)S(14), Rb(4)Zr(3)Se(14), Cs(4)Zr(3)Se(14), and Cs(4)Hf(3)Se(14) crystallize in the K(4)Ti(3)S(14) structure type with four formula units in space group C(2)(h)()(6)-C2/c of the monoclinic system at T = 153 K in cells of dimensions a = 21.085(1) A, b = 8.1169(5) A, c = 13.1992(8) A, beta = 112.835(1) degrees for Rb(4)Ti(3)S(14);a = 21.329(3) A, b = 8.415(1) A, c = 13.678(2) A, beta = 113.801(2) degrees for Cs(4)Ti(3)S(14); a = 21.643(2) A, b = 8.1848(8) A, c = 13.331(1) A, beta = 111.762(2) degrees for Rb(4)Hf(3)S(14); a = 22.605(7) A, b = 8.552(3) A, c = 13.880(4) A, beta = 110.919(9) degrees for Rb(4)Zr(3)Se(14); a = 22.826(5) A, b = 8.841(2) A, c = 14.278(3) A, beta = 111.456(4) degrees for Cs(4)Zr(3)Se(14); and a = 22.758(5) A, b = 8.844(2) A, c = 14.276(3) A, beta = 111.88(3) degrees for Cs(4)Hf(3)Se(14). These A(4)M(3)Q(14) compounds (A = alkali metal; M = group 4 metal; Q = chalcogen) contain hexagonally closest-packed [M(3)Q(14)(4-)] chains that run in the [101] direction and are separated by A(+) cations. Each [M(3)Q(14)(4-)] chain is built from a [M(3)Q(14)] unit that consists of two MQ(7) pentagonal bipyramids or one distorted MQ(8) bicapped octahedron bonded together by edge- or face-sharing. Each [M(3)Q(14)] unit contains six Q(2)(2-) dimers, with Q-Q distances in the normal single-bond range 2.0616(9)-2.095(2) A for S-S and 2.367(1)-2.391(2) A for Se-Se. The A(4)M(3)Q(14) compounds can be formulated as (A(+))(4)(M(4+))(3)(Q(2)(2-))(6)(Q(2-))(2).     

Mixed ligand titanium(IV) complexes. Chlorobis(dithiocarbamato)bis(methylsalicylato)titanium(IV) andbis(dithiocarbamato)bis(methylsalicylato)titanium(IV)

Summary Dichlorobis(methylsalicylato)titanium(IV) reacts with potassium or amine salts of dialkyl or diaryl dithiocarbamates in 11 and 12 molar ratios in anhydrous benzene (room temperature) or in boiling CH₂Cl₂ to yield mixed ligand complexes: (AcOC₆H₄O)₂ Ti(S₂CNR₂)Cl (1) and (AcOC₆H₄O)₂ Ti(S₂CNR₂)₂ (2), R=Et, n-Pr, n-Bu, cyclo-C₄H₈ and cyclo-C₅H₁₀. These compounds are moisture sensitive and highly soluble in polar solvents. Molecular weight measurement in conjunction with i.r.,¹H and¹³C n.m.r. spectral studies suggest coordination number 7 and 8 around titanium(IV) in (1) and (2) respectively.