基于LabVIEW 8.0的pH电位滴定虚拟仪器

运用离子选择性电极、调理电路、DAQ卡和计算机,构建了基于LabVIEW 8.0的电位滴定虚拟仪器,实现了电位滴定实验数据的自动记录和自动处理.将该虚拟仪器应用到乙酸等的电位滴定实验表明,实验结果相对标准偏差小于0.65%,提高了实验结果的重现性和准确性;且虚拟仪器界面友好、操作简便、实时绘出滴定曲线,自动处理数据及即时得到结果.     

逐点线性分析技术及其在分析测试中的应用

本文提出了逐点线性分析技术的原理,并通过逐点线性分析的软件对电导滴定数据进行分析.分析结果表明,该技术可自动区分不同线性的数据组.对同一线性的数据组进行线性回归,回归方程求解计算出电导滴定终点.该技术与柱塞滴定装置、电导测定装置和计算机自动控制技术组合,可制作成自动电导滴定仪,实现电导滴定的自动化.自动电导滴定仪在标定标准溶液中具有极高的准确度和精密度.同时,该仪器可制作成各种专用分析仪,取代现有的部分重量分析方法,实现这些物质的准确、快速分析.     

可见分光光度虚拟仪器的研制与应用

LabVIEW是开发虚拟仪器的优秀图形化平台.设计开发了基于LabVIEW8.0的分光光度测量化学虚拟仪器系统,运用于测定饲料级磷酸氢钙中磷的含量,避免了繁琐的人工数据处理和操作的人为误差,实现了数据测量的自动采集、实时显示与处理,提高了测量结果的精度.     

高分子泥浆处理剂的分子结构与其热稳定性的关系

本文用粘度、电导滴定、红外光谱、热重分析和热氧化发光等方法研究了四种分子链结构不同的泥浆处理剂的热稳定性.用这些处理剂调配的泥浆具有不同的抗温能力,实验结果说明处理泥浆的抗温能力与处理剂的分子结构有极密切的关系.     

利用电子表格自动处理数据高效检定常用玻璃量器

建立利用电子表格自动处理数据高效检定常用玻璃量器的方法。设计电子表格,利用表格处理数据,对常用玻璃量器检定数据自动检索、自动计算以及自动修约。该方法与传统衡量法相比,实现了数据自动计算处理,而且自动修约符合规定,消除了人为计算失误,提高了计算准确率,检定时间比传统方法缩减了约42%,统计学方法表明统计结果具有显著性差异（P<0.01）。该方法不仅成本低,而且提高了检定效率,降低了计算的差错率。     

大学实验教学中数据处理系统的开发和应用*

借助专业软件开发数据处理系统逐渐取代了传统的人工计算过程。以“化学海洋学实验”课程的数据自动处理为研究案例,介绍了数据处理系统的开发和应用过程。该系统的计算程序用R语言编写,用Java语言实现可视化,可以用实验数据快速得到最终结果并监测实验中间环节,简化了计算程序。教师可以及时检查学生实验数据的可靠性和准确性,有效地提高了教学效率。     

Excel在基础无机化学实验数据处理中的应用

介绍了一种处理基础无机化学实验数据的方法,即用Microsoft Office系列中的Excel软件自动完成数据的分析和图表的处理.以"化学反应速率"及"碘化铅溶度积常数的测定"的实验内容为例,通过实验测得的反应速率和c(I-) 标准曲线吸光度及PbI2饱和溶液的制备.用Excel进行数据分析、公式计算和图表处理,找出了线形拟合关系,确定了反应级数,计算出了速率方程、速率常数、活化能和溶度积常数,以完整详实地实验记录将处理的结果完整地展示出来.方法具有方便快捷、精确度高、操作简便等优点.减少人工处理数据带来的误差.是本科生学习处理专业实验数据的基本方法之一.     

非水电导滴定法测定磺化聚醚砜

在分析测试磺化聚醚砜时，包裹在ＳＰＥＳ中的自由硫酸常影响着测试结果。为此本文提出利用非水溶剂的区分效应和对ＳＰＥＳ的良好溶解性能，通过电导滴定分析ＳＰＥＳ和自由硫酸的混合产物。经过透析实验和采用不同碱式滴定剂进行非水滴定实验表明：电导滴定能简便，快速、准确地测出自由硫酸含量和磺化度。同时了相关实验和理论方面的讨论。     

沉淀电导滴定法在分析化学实验教学中的实践

设计了一种沉淀电导滴定法,用于测定水合氯化钡中Ba的质量分数。在氯化钡不同初始浓度条件下进行滴定实验,通过比对滴定结果及实验成本,确定氯化钡的最佳初始浓度为6mmol.L-1;该实验内容在实验教学实践中的反应良好,学生在接触科学前沿的同时锻炼了实验动手能力,并能与重量分析法比较,指出沉淀电导滴定分析法的优点。     

冠醚配合物的研究XV.若干席夫碱及仲胺型双冠醚和碱金属离子的配位反应

本文运用微量电导滴定及计算机拟合技术，研究了若干席夫碱及仲胺型双冠醚和碱金属离子的配位反应，测定了配合物的组成及稳定常数，并对实验结果进行了讨论。     

一种智能型阻垢剂性能快速评定装置

针对我国目前指导水处理剂阻垢性能评定的化工行业标准HG/T2160-1991——鼓泡法及其评定设备的不足,基于国外上世纪末提出的电导滴定法,研制了一种一体化智能型阻垢剂性能的快速评定装置。该装置基于微机技术应用平台,实现了水处理剂阻垢性能评定的全程自动化:建立了滴定过程中电导率——滴定液容积变化曲线突降点位置的预测算法和相应软件,奠定了阻垢效果的智能评定基础;研制了数据采样间隔自动跟踪、匹配蠕动泵转速的自动滴定装置,提高了滴定分辨率和拐点位置确定精度;自制了高灵敏度、高精密度的半导体温度传感器及其测点位置调节部件,消除了滴定过程中温度对检测评定的干扰;定量确定了测定池系统表面积垢对检测评定的影响,拟定了相应清洗程序。与现有各评定方法和设备相比,本仪器的精准度高、重复性好、评定快捷、操作简便、容重小、能耗小,能更好满足水处理剂生产企业和众多行业用户对水处理剂阻垢性能评定的需求,有望成为鼓泡法评定设备的换代产品。     

Trace analysis of acids and bases by conductometric titration with multiparametric non-linear regression

A chemometric method for analysis of conductometric titration data was introduced to extend its applicability to lower concentrations and more complex acid-base systems. Auxiliary pH measurements were made during the titration to assist the calculation of the distribution of protonable species on base of known or guessed equilibrium constants. Conductivity values of each ionized or ionizable species possibly present in the sample were introduced in a general equation where the only unknown parameters were the total concentrations of (conjugated) bases and of strong electrolytes not involved in acid-base equilibria. All these concentrations were adjusted by a multiparametric nonlinear regression (NLR) method, based on the Levenberg-Marquardt algorithm. This first conductometric titration method with NLR analysis (CT-NLR) was successfully applied to simulated conductometric titration data and to synthetic samples with multiple components at concentrations as low as those found in rainwater (∼10 μmol L⁻¹). It was possible to resolve and quantify mixtures containing a strong acid, formic acid, acetic acid, ammonium ion, bicarbonate and inert electrolyte with accuracy of 5% or better.     

Effect of the concentration of solutions being titrated on the shape of conductometric titration curves

The influence exerted by the concentration of solution being titrated on the shape of the theoretical curves of conductometric titration was studied. The concentrations at which the equivalence points are clearly observed in the conductometric titration curves were determined.     

High precision automated conductometric titrations with the bipolar pulse technique

An automated conductometric titration system has been designed and investigated. Stepper motor driven burets have been constructed to provide precise delivery of small volumes of titrant. A bipolar pulse conductance instrument of wide dynamic range is briefly reviewed as a tool in conductometric titrations. Several types of titrations have been carried out to investigate the accuracy and reproducibility of this apparatus. The precision for titrant volumes of 40µl is ±0.64% relative standard deviation.     

Conductometric determination of the concentration of acid centers on functionalized materials

The potentialities of conductometric titration were investigated for the study of protolytically active groups using organosilicas with immobilized acid groups of different types as an example. The methods of conductometric and pH-metric titration were compared in determining the concentrations of these groups. It was found that pH metry was mainly applicable to the determination of strongly acid groups of organosilicas, whereas conductometric titration can be applied to the determination of all types of test materials. It was shown that conductometry is a promising method for estimating the energetic heterogeneity of the immobilized layer and the concentration of functional groups on the surface of organosilicas.     

Malonylchitosan Microspheres as a Matrix for Oral Enrofloxacin Delivery

Summary: The purpose of this study was to produce malonylchitosan microspheres to be used as a pH sensitive matrix for the controlled delivery of drugs. Chitosan microspheres were obtained by the coacervation–phase separation method. The microspheres were then treated with malonic acid to obtain amidified chitosan microspheres. The resulting malonylchitosan microspheres were characterized by means of elemental analysis (CHN), infrared spectroscopy, conductometric titration and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The data obtained from infrared spectroscopy, elemental analysis and conductometric titration of amino groups were consistent with the N-substitution of malonyl groups in the chitosan microspheres. In vivo studies for controlled delivery of enrofloxacin were performed in male Wistar rats and the results indicated increase and prolonged blood levels with delayed peak and improved bioavailability for malonylchitosan microspheres compared to commercial tablets.     

水溶性聚胺PEI与铜离子螯合物结构的测定及其分析应用

使用分光光度法与电导滴定法研究了聚乙烯亚胺（PEI）与Cu^2＋的配合过程，测定了二者所形成的螯合物结构。Cu^2＋与水溶性聚胺PEI可以定量地形成四配位螯合物，而且配合过程速度很快，螯合物稳定；在用PEI水溶液滴定Cu^2＋过程中，体系的电导率快速下降，在滴定终点电导率发生了清晰的转变。建立了测定Cu^2＋的一种新方法-PEI螯合作用电导滴定法，考察了各种因素对分析方法的影响，优化了分析条件。     

示波电导滴定

通常的电导滴定用电导仪测量滴定过程中溶液电导率的变化;以电导值对滴定剂体积作图,将两条直线外推,其交点为等当点。本文提出的示波电导滴定法,利用示波图的突然收缩或扩张指示滴定终点,简便快速,终点直观,适用于各类滴定反应。 1 原理 当交流电源输出电压为V=V_0sinωt,交流电频率较高,溶液浓度较稀时,“E～t”曲线与“i～t”曲线的相位差接近0°,电解池的阻抗接近纯电阻。若溶液电阻为R_L、外加电阻为R_0,则流     

On interaction of sulfur(IV) oxide with aqueous solutions of ethanolamines

Potentio- and conductometric titration was used to study the interaction in sulfur(IV) oxide-ethanolamines-water systems in comparison with the previously obtained pH-metric data on how the corresponding onium sulfites, hydrosulfites, and pyrosulfites are formed. The ionic and molecular compositions of these solutions were calculated. Correlations between the characteristics of pH-metric titration curves of aqueous solutions of ethanolamines with sulfur(IV) oxide and the relative stability of onium sulfates were revealed.