化妆品中碘丙炔醇丁基氨甲酸酯的高效液相色谱检测及质谱确证

建立了高效液相色谱(HPLC)-二极管阵列检测器(DAD)测定化妆品中碘丙炔醇丁基氨甲酸酯的方法.化妆品样品经超声提取后,高效液相色谱-二极管阵列扫描检测,并在235 nm波长进行分析.用保留时间结合紫外光谱定性,外标法定量,并采用液相色谱-质谱法确证.碘丙炔醇丁基氨甲酸酯的回收率为92.7%～99.8%,相对标准偏差在0.8%～2.1%之间,定量限为20 mg/kg.     

化妆品中士的宁和马钱子碱的高效液相色谱检测及质谱确证

建立了高效液相色谱(HPLC)-二极管阵列检测器(DAD)测定化妆品中士的宁和马钱子碱的方法.膏霜、水剂、散粉、香波、唇膏等不同类型的化妆品样品经超声提取后,高效液相色谱-二极管阵列扫描检测,并在264 nm波长进行分析.用保留时间结合紫外光谱定性,外标法定量,并且采用液相色谱-质谱确证.士的宁的回收率为89.2%～103.5%,相对标准偏差在0.7%～6.0%之间,定量限为2.5 mg/kg,马钱子碱的回收率为86.3%～101.0%,相对标准偏差在0.9%～6.9%之间,定量限为2.5 mg/kg.     

化妆品中双香豆素和环香豆素的高效液相色谱二极管阵列检测器测定

建立了用高效液相色谱(HPLC)/二极管阵列检测器(DAD)测定化妆品中两种香豆素物质--双香豆素和环香豆素的方法.样品用乙腈-氢氧化钠溶液(0.1 mol/L)(体积比9:1)的提取溶液超声提取,高效液相色谱DAD扫描检测,并在306 nm波长进行分析.用保留时间结合二种香豆素的紫外光谱定性,外标法定量,并且采用液质联用(LC-MS/MS)确证.双香豆素的回收率为96%～105%,精密度RSD为0.51%～2.08%,定量下限为1 ng;环香豆素的回收率为88%～104%,精密度RSD为0.51%～3.36%,定量下限为1 ng.     

化妆品中甲氧基补骨脂素同分异构体的液相色谱法分离和测定

建立了用高效液相色谱(HPLC)-二极管阵列检测器(DAD)测定化妆品中两种呋喃香豆素同分异构体-8-甲氧基补骨脂素(8-MOP)和5-甲氧基补骨脂素(5-MOP)的简便方法。样品用甲醇超声提取,高速冷冻离心,经0.45μm滤膜过滤,注入高效液相色谱,用DAD进行扫描检测,并在301 nm波长进行分析。用保留时间结合紫外光谱图定性,外标法定量,并且采用液质联用(LC/MS/MS)确证。测试结果对8-MOP的回收率为87.0%~105.0%,RSD为0.41%~5.3%,检出限为5.0 mg/kg;5-MOP的回收率为88.0%~105.0%,RSD为0.33%~4.1%,检出限为5.0 mg/kg。本文用DAD同时分离和检测了化妆品中的8-MOP和5-MOP,方法可用于化妆品安全性监控。     

高效液相色谱法对唇膏中9种限用着色剂的同时测定

建立了用高效液相色谱/二极管阵列检测器(HPLC/DAD)同时测定唇膏中9种限用着色剂(溶剂绿7、食品黄3、食品红17、酸性黄1、酸性红33、食品红4、食品红1、橙黄Ⅰ和酸性橙7)的检测方法.采用C18反相色谱柱,以乙腈-磷酸二氢钾缓冲溶液(pH 6.0)为流动相进行梯度洗脱,用DAD检测器扫描检测.以保留时间结合待测物的紫外吸收光谱进行定性分析,采用外标法进行定量分析,定量检测波长240 nm.所建方法可在15 min内对9种目标物同时进行检测,且各化合物均达到基线分离.实验结果表明,在0.05 ～100 mg/L范围内,9种着色剂的质量浓度与相应的峰面积比值呈良好的线性关系.方法的平均回收率(n=9)为85% ～100%,相对标准偏差(RSD)为3.68% ～8.20%,9种目标物的检出限为0.01 ～0.1 mg/L.     

高效液相色谱法测定化妆品中4种禁用醛酮化合物

建立了同时测定化妆品中4种禁用醛酮化合物(巴豆醛、苯乙酮、2,4-二羟基-3-甲基苯甲醛和2-亚戊基环己酮)的高效液相色谱(HPLC)分析方法。样品使用50%乙腈(体积比)溶液提取,经AQ-C18(4.6 mm×150 mm,5μm)色谱柱分离后,高效液相色谱/二极管阵列检测器检测,以保留时间和紫外吸收光谱定性,外标法定量,高效液相色谱-质谱/质谱法确证。结果表明,4种醛酮化合物在0.05~2.0 mg/L质量浓度范围内呈良好的线性关系,相关系数均不小于0.999 9;方法检出限和定量下限分别为0.5~1.0 mg/kg和1.5~3.0 mg/kg。样品加标回收率为89.0%~106.7%,相对标准偏差(RSDs,n=6)为2.0%~6.9%。该方法准确可靠,适用于化妆品中4种禁用醛酮化合物的测定。     

化妆品中苔黑醛和氯化苔黑醛的超高效液相色谱法测定及质谱确证

采用超高效液相色谱建立了化妆品中苔黑醛和氯化苔黑醛的分析方法,并采用液相色谱-串联质谱法进行确证。化妆品试样采用5%三氯乙酸-乙腈混合溶液(70/30,V/V)超声提取15 min,离心过膜后即可直接上机分析。采用亚二微米超高效液相色谱柱分离,外标法定量;质谱确证采用水和乙腈作为流动相梯度洗脱,电喷雾负离子模式电离,多反应监测模式检测。苔黑醛和氯化苔黑醛在0.1~50 mg/L范围内线性关系良好(线性相关系数r≥0.9990),方法的定量限为5.0 mg/kg(信噪比为10)。膏霜、乳液和香水等样品在5.0,10,25 mg/kg的添加回收率在87.4%~96.3%之间,RSD(n=6)为1.4%~4.6%。方法适用于化妆品中苔黑醛和氯化苔黑醛的检测及其含量水平的普查。     

高效液相色谱法同时测定化妆品中的呋喃妥因和呋喃唑酮

建立了一种同时检测化妆品中呋喃妥因和呋喃唑酮的高效液相色谱法(HPLC)。乳液、膏霜、化妆水、散粉、唇膏类等不同类型的化妆品样品由乙腈-甲醇(体积比为1∶1)混合溶液超声提取后进行HPLC分析。采用Kromasil C18色谱柱,以乙腈-0.4%乙酸溶液(体积比为30∶70)为流动相,流速1.0 mL/min,采用二极管阵列检测器检测,检测波长为365 nm;采用外标法定量,呋喃妥因和呋喃唑酮检测的线性范围为0.1～20 mg/L,相关系数为0.9999,最低检出限为1.2 mg/kg;在0.2,1.0,10.0 mg/L加标水平下,平均回收率为88.0%～104.6%,相对标准偏差为0.5%～4.8%。该方法快速准确,可用于化妆品中呋喃妥因和呋喃唑酮的同时测定。     

加速溶剂萃取-高效液相色谱法测定皮革和纺织品中含氯苯酚的含量

建立了测定皮革和纺织品中含氯苯酚的高效液相色谱/二极管阵列检测器(HPLC/DAD)分析方法.采用加速溶剂萃取法萃取不同类型的皮革和纺织品样品,以正己烷为提取剂,在10.34 MPa和120 ℃下静态循环提取3次,提取液经氮吹仪浓缩近干,以正己烷溶解并定容;采用C18柱,以乙腈/0.5%乙酸溶液为流动相,DAD波长为214 nm进行高效液相色谱分离与分析.结果表明: 四氯苯酚和五氯苯酚质量浓度在0.1～20 mg/L范围内具有良好的线性关系(r＞0.9999);平均回收率在 96.0%～101.5% 之间;相对标准偏差为 0.50%～5.5% (n=7);方法的检出限为0.02 mg/kg,符合欧盟指令0.05 mg/kg的限量规定.本方法高效、简便、自动化程度高,准确可靠,是一种可同时快速测定皮革和纺织品中含氯苯酚的新方法.     

高效液相色谱法测定涂料中乙酸苯基汞防霉剂

建立了高效液相色谱法对涂料中乙酸苯基汞进行检测的方法.样品经稀释后,以V(乙腈)∶V(2 mmoL NH4Ac)=90∶10为流动相,C18柱高效液相色谱分离,DAD为检测器,检测波长为195 nm.结果表明,线性范围为0.1～10 mg/L(相关系数r2=0.9995),检出限为0.097 mg/L(相当于涂料中质量分数为2.43×10-3%),对涂料样品进行5个不同浓度水平的添加回收,回收率为97.3%～103.1%,RSD≤4.5%(n=7).本法具有较高的选择性、灵敏度和准确度,能满足涂料中乙酸苯基汞的测定分析.     

The immunoassay of methotrexate by capillary electrophoresis with laser-induced fluorescence detection.

Immunoassay is widely employed as a highly sensitive, specific analytical method for hormones and drugs in biological samples. A technique utilizing capillary electrophoresis with laser-induced fluorescence detection was examined based on the reaction process of these immunoassays in order to develop a protocol characterized by high sensitivity and high speed. The conditions of the antigen-antibody reaction and capillary electrophoresis were variously examined using fluorescein-labeled methotrexate and the antibody of methotrexate. As a result, the immunoassay could be completed within a few minutes. Moreover, detection in the pg range could be accomplished. The sensitivity corresponded to that of radioimmunoassay. A simultaneous multi-component analysis of the immunoassay is also possible due to the high resolving power of capillary electrophoresis. In this study, the possibility of a simultaneous analysis of methotrexate and vancomycin was also investigated.     

Electrochemical Determination of Methotrexate at a Disposable Screen-Printed Electrode and Its Application Studies

Methotrexate is widely used for treatment of various neoplastic diseases. The present work details the voltammetric analysis of Methotrexate at a multi-walled carbon nanotube (MWNT) modified screen-printed electrode (SPE). The fabrication and evaluation of MWNT-derived screen-printed electrochemical sensors based on a MWNT ink are reported. The fabricated MWNT strips combine the attractive advantages of CNT materials and disposable screen printed electrodes. The anodic voltammetric behavior of methotrexate was studied using cyclic and square-wave voltammetric techniques in tris-HCl (pH = 7.5) solution. The oxidation of methotrexate was an irreversible adsorptive-driven process. The experimental conditions such as carbon ink, MWNT, pH, the concentration, and nature of buffer were investigated to optimize the determination of methotrexate. Under optimum conditions, the square-wave voltammetric peak currents were in a linear relationship to methotrexate concentrations in the range of 5.0 × 10^?7M–1.0 × 10^?4 M with a detection limit of 1.0 × 10^?7 M. The MWNT/SPE showed good stability, selectivity, and was successfully used to quantify methotrexate in pharmaceutical formulations.     

Trace measurements of the antineoplastic agent methotrexate by adsorptive stripping voltammetry

An extremely sensitive voltammetric method is presented for trace measurement of the cancer chemotherapy drug methotrexate. The method is based on controlled adsorptive preconcentration of methotrexate on the hanging mercury-drop electrode, followed by voltammetric determination of the surface species. Cyclic voltammetry was used to explore the interfacial behaviour. The adsorptive stripping response was evaluated with respect to preconcentration time and potential, pH, concentration dependence, stripping mode, possible interferences, and other variables. The detection limit found was 2 x 10(-9)M (5-min preconcentration), the response was linear, and the relative standard deviation (at the 1.6 x 10(-7)M level) 2.2%. Sensitive adsorptive stripping measurements were also obtained by use of a carbon-paste disk electrode. Applicability to urine analysis is illustrated.     

Dried plasma spot–based liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry for the quantification of methotrexate in human plasma and its application in therapeutic drug monitoring

Methotrexate, a folic acid antitumor drug, is widely used to treat childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Therapeutic drug monitoring is crucial for adjusting the dosage of methotrexate according to its plasma concentration and reducing adverse effects. Micro-sampling strategies, like dried plasma spot, is an attractive but underutilized method that has the desired features of easy collection, storage, and transport, and overcomes known hematocrit issues in dried blood spot analysis. This study describes a dried plasma spot–based liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry method for quantification of methotrexate. The assay showed good linearity over 30–2000 ng/mL (R² ≥ 0.995) as well as excellent precision (0.6–9.3%) and accuracy (89.2–108.3%). Methotrexate was extracted from dried plasma spot and wet plasma samples with recoveries greater than 92.1%, and no significant matrix effect was observed. A comparison of dried plasma spot and wet plasma concentrations was assessed in 27 patients treated with methotrexate and Passing–Bablok regression coefficients showed that no significant difference between the two methods. The Bland–Altman plots showed similar agreement between the methods, indicating that the proposed dried plasma spot sampling method is an effective way to monitor the concentration of methotrexate in human plasma.     

Analytical Study of Methorexate

Abstract

Spectrophotometric, coloriaetric and differential pulse polarographic “DPP” techniques were adopted for microdetermination of methotrexate in pure form and in pharmaceutical preparations. The spectrophotometric method was based on measuring the light absorbance at 303 nm in 0.1 N NaCH. The colorimetric method was based on coupling the diazotised methotrexate with 8-hydroxy quinoline in alkaline medium and measuring the colour developed at 430 nm. The three proposed techniques were compared with the E.P. 1980. method. The DPP method was further used for methotrexste determination in presence of some biological fluids.     

Formulation and Evaluation of Chitosan‐Gellan Based Methotrexate Implants

An implant controlled‐release system for methotrexate delivery based on a polyion complex composed of chitosan and gellan was investigated. Multi‐layered implant was prepared by using poly(vinyl alcohol), gellan and chitosan. Two chitosan layers sandwiched the poly(vinyl alcohol)‐gellan layer, which acted as a methotrexate reservoir. The prepared implant was evaluated for swellability, in vitro and in vivo release and biodegradation studies. The equilibrium swelling and methotrexate release was found to depend on a concentration of calcium chloride, which was used as a crosslinking agent for gellan. Drug‐loaded implants were subcutaneously implanted in the back of Wistar rats. The in vivo studies showed that methotrexate was released slowly for a period over 30 days and also there was no fibrous capsule formation around the implant indicating the biocompatibility of the implant.     

Electrochemical Sensor for Ultrasensitive Determination of Doxorubicin and Methotrexate Based on Cyclodextrin‐Graphene Hybrid Nanosheets

In this work, an electrochemical sensor based on a cyclodextrin‐graphene hybrid nanosheets modified glassy carbon electrode (CD‐GNs/GCE) was proposed for the ultrasensitive determination of doxorubicin and methotrexate. The peak currents of doxorubicin and methotrexate on the CD‐GNs/GCE increased 26.5 and 23.7 fold, respectively, compared to the results obtained on the bare GCE. Under optimized conditions, the linear response ranges for doxorubicin and methotrexate are 10 nM–0.2 µM and 0.1 µM–1.0 µM, with detection limits of 0.1 nM and 20 nM, respectively. The sensor showed the advantages of simple preparation, low cost, high sensitivity, good stability and reproducibility. These properties make the prepared sensor a promising tool for the determination of trace amounts of doxorubicin and methotrexate in biological, clinical and pharmaceutical fields.     

Determination of methotrexate in human blood plasma by adsorptive stripping voltammetry

The use of adsorptive stripping voltammetry to measure sub-micromolar concentrations of methotrexate in plasma has been investigated. A simple clean-up procedure has been developed in which methotrexate is extracted from blood plasma with Amberlite XAD-2, which is a non-ionic resin, and eluted with methanol. Recovery for plasma analysis was 80%.     

A novel high‐performance liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry method for improved selective and sensitive measurement of methotrexate polyglutamation status in human red blood cells

The folate antagonist methotrexate is commonly used in low dose for treatment of rheumatoid arthritis and juvenile idiopathic arthritis. Therapeutic effects are attributed to intracellular levels of various methotrexate polyglutamates. The present methodology, combining a simple preparation step with ion‐pairing reversed‐phase liquid chromatography and electrospray ionization mass spectrometry, is suitable for the measurement of methotrexate and its polyglutamates_2–7, in human red blood cells. Sample preparation consists of perchloric acid protein precipitation followed by solid‐phase extraction. Baseline separation of all analytes was achieved within 10 min using a Phenomenex Synergy C18 column together with a gradient solvent program obtained from blending acetonitrile with pH 7.5, 5 mM aqueous dimethylhexylamine. Seven methotrexate polyglutamates were detected using multiple reaction monitoring, with the mass spectrometer operating in positive ion mode. Using 20 µL injection volumes, limits of detection were 2.5 nM for individual methotrexate polyglutamates, while large volume (100 µL) injections led to detection limits of 0.5 nM and linear calibration from 0.5 to 100 nM for individual analytes. Finally, the presented methodology was applied for the analysis of methotrexate and its polyglutamates in red blood cells obtained from patients being treated for juvenile idiopathic arthritis with methotrexate. Significantly, the methodology proved suitable for determination of long‐chain methotrexate polyglutamates_5–7 and further, appears to be superior with respect to sensitivity, selectivity and speed as compared to all previously described approaches. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Rapid Determination of Methotrexate and 7-Hydroxymethotrexate in Serum and Cerebrospinal Fluid by Radial Compression Liquid Chromatography

Abstract

A rapid, specific and sensitive radial compression reverse phase liquid chromatographic method for the analysis of methotrexate and 7-hydroxymethotrexate in serum and cerebrospinal fluid is reported. A mobile phase consisting of acetonitrile-methanol-pH 3 phosphate (8:15:77) at 6 ml/min flow rate was employed. The U.V. detector was set at 317 nm, and folic acid was used as an internal standard. A rapid extraction of methotrexate and 7-hydroxymethotrexate was performed using Sep-Pak cartridges with high extraction efficiency for both compounds. Patients serum and cerebrospinal fluid samples were analyzed by the described method and the concentrations of methotrexate were compared to those obtained by an enzyme immunoassay. No interference from other metabolites or anticancer drugs in the described assay was observed.