用DAN测定微量硒时荧光强度的校正

2,3-二氨基萘(DAN)中痕量杂质引起的背景荧光是限制用该试剂测定超微量硒时灵敏度进一步提高的主要因素,因此,寻求合适的方法扣除每一个具体测试样品的杂质背景荧光以校正测试的荧光强度是提高这一方法灵敏度和精密度的重要途径。 1.原理和方法:DAN-Se络合物的荧光光谱和DAN的杂质荧光光谱是重叠的,但二者的吸收光谱是不同的,前者的最高荧光激发峰为378nm,用400nm波长的光激发获得的荧光     

肌红蛋白的同步荧光光谱

首次对肌红蛋白的同步荧光光谱进行了研究,并对肌红蛋白荧光峰予以归属。当△λ为20nm时,308nm处的荧光峰主要为酪氨酸残基的贡献,很小一部分是由色氨酸残基贡献的;△λ为40nm时,分别在322和596nm处观察到两个荧光峰,322nm的荧光峰为酪氨酸和色氨酸残基的共同贡献,596nm的荧光峰则归属为肌红蛋白分子中血红素的贡献。     

癌患者尿液自体特异荧光光谱的研究

在最佳波长395nm激发下,癌患者尿液自体荧光发射光谱与健康人尿液的荧光发射光谱相比,其特征是523nm的荧光峰增强,而且在615nm出现一个小荧光峰。但随523nm荧光峰的逐渐增大,615nm荧光峰的谷,即598nm处的荧光强度增强,使615nm荧光峰降低甚至消失。根据598nm处的荧光强度I598和615nm处荧光峰的相对荧光强度T=(I615-I598)/I598建立了肝癌和肺癌诊断判据,即当I598≥4×106;或3×106≤I598<4×106,而且T≥0.1;或I598<3×106,而且T≥0.5时,为阳性,否则为阴性。利用本判据,肝癌双盲试验的阳性率为76%,假阳性率为18%。通过对比荧光发射光谱和激发光谱,发现523nm和615nm的特异荧光分别来源于核黄素和噗啉。癌患者噗啉和核黄素代谢异常,尿液中粪噗啉和核黄素含量增高。     

酪氨酸的分频荧光光谱研究

酪氨酸在300nm处产生一个荧光峰,在600nm处产生一个1／2分频荧光峰,在900nm处产生一个1／3分频荧光峰,此三峰具有相似的荧光特性。根据非线性光学分频荧光原理探讨了酪氨酸分频荧光峰产生的原因。     

同步荧光光谱法测定人体尿液中加替沙星

研究了尿样中加替沙星在不同酸碱条件下的荧光特性,发现在中性水溶液中加替沙星的荧光较弱,荧光发射峰位于450 nm,尿样背景荧光发射峰位于370 nm。由于加替沙星与尿样背景荧光的发射波长部分的重叠,尿样中的加替沙星采用通常的荧光光谱法无法测定。当pH=4.1时,加替沙星的荧光发射显著增强,荧光发射波长由450 nm红移至478 nm,同时尿样背景荧光反而由中性水溶液中的370 nm紫移到355nm。据此建立了一种无需分离直接测定尿样中加替沙星的同步荧光光谱新方法。选择△λ=90 nm,在优化条件下,测定加替沙星的线性范围为0.12~3.2μg.mL-1,检出限为0.04μg.mL-1。方法用于尿样中加替沙星含量的测定,其回收率为92.6%~96.8%,相对标准偏差为1.6%~2.4%。     

基于半花菁结构的酸性pH荧光探针

基于半花菁结构,设计合成了一种酸性pH荧光探针MCPA,并对其进行了结构表征及光谱性能研究。结果表明,探针MCPA的pK_a为4.23,能快速响应溶液pH的变化。当pH 4.23时,MCPA溶液在605 nm处有强吸收峰,642 nm处有强荧光发射峰(最大激发波长为605 nm)。而当溶液pH 4.23时,MCPA溶液在605 nm处的特征吸收峰强度逐渐降低,并在460 nm处出现新的吸收峰,且溶液的荧光强度急剧降低直至无荧光。进一步研究表明,探针MCPA在642 nm处的荧光强度与溶液pH呈现良好的线性关系,线性范围为pH 3.4～5.0,可用于检测酸性溶液中pH的变化。探针MCPA在水溶液中非常稳定,对常见干扰组分具有较好的抗干扰能力。     

Sm~(3+)-吐温80荧光光度法测定磺胺氯吡嗪钠

建立了一种用稀土离子Sm~(3+)为荧光探针,吐温80为增敏剂测定磺胺氯吡嗪钠的方法。在p H 3.4的B-R缓冲溶液中,Sm~(3+)-吐温80在E_x=260 nm,E_m=378 nm处出现明显的荧光峰,磺胺氯吡嗪钠的加入使得上述荧光峰发生猝灭,且体系的荧光强度猝灭值与磺胺氯吡嗪钠的浓度呈线性关系。基于此建立一种测定磺胺氯吡嗪钠的方法,并对测试条件进行优化选择。在最优条件下,体系的荧光猝灭强度与磺胺氯吡嗪钠质量浓度在0.4~10.0μg/m L范围内呈线性关系,检出限为5.03 ng/m L,并考察了共存物质的干扰情况。方法可用于实际样品及模拟样品中磺胺氯吡嗪钠的测定。     

(PtI6-2RDG)n缔合纳米微粒体系的共振散射、荧光猝灭和减色效应研究

在0.02mol/L HCl介质中，罗丹明6G（RDG）分别在530nm和550nm处有一个吸收峰和荧光峰，PtI6^2-与RDG^ 主要通过静电引力形成疏水性的PtI6-2RDG缔合物分子。PtI6-2RDG分子间存在较强的分子和和疏水作用力而生成（PtI6-2RDG)n缔合纳米微粒，其粒径为40nm，在400nm、470nm和590nm产生3个共振散射，其中400nm和590nm处的2个峰为其特征共振散射峰，550nm荧光峰和530nm吸收峰的降低是由于纳米微粒形成后，只有裹露在（PtI6-2RDG)n纳米微粒界面的RDG荧光分子才能吸收激发光子跃迁到激发态，进而返回基态产生荧光，而体体相的RDG荧光分子无法与激发光作用产生荧光，即与激发光作用的RDG分子数大为降低。当该纳米微粒体系加入乙醇后，由于乙醇致使（PtI6-2RDG)n纳米微粒分解为PtI6-2RDG分子，体系的红紫色和共振散射峰消失，吸收峰和荧光峰恢复，研究结果表明，红紫色（PtI6-2RDG)n纳米微粒的形成是其共振散射增强、荧光猝灭、减色效应和产生特征共振散射峰的根本原因。     

荧光法对光诱导野生型肌红蛋白和突变体(D44K)去氧的对照研究

用荧光法对光诱导野生型肌红蛋白(Mb)和突变体(D44K)去氧的过程进行对照研究。发现430nm是研究Mb(WT)和Mb(D44K)光照去氧的最佳激发波长。430nm激发时,Mb(D44K)在597.9nm和628.8nm处出现两个荧光发射峰,不同于Mb(WT)仅在597nm处出现一个荧光发射峰。经研究证明,628.8nm处荧光峰是Mb3 -H2O型中的H2O峰。光照也使此峰的荧光强度下降,但比去氧的速率慢。研究发现,597nm处Mb(D44K)的荧光效率比Mb(WT)的荧光效率低。传能实验表明Mb表面44位氨基酸由天冬氨酸突变为赖氨酸后,不影响Mb(D44K)中色氨酸和酪氨酸残基传递给铁卟啉的荧光效率,但使Mb(D44K)中色氨酸和酪氨酸残基的荧光效率变高。     

用同步荧光光谱法定量测定细胞色素C

采用同步荧光光谱技术研究了细胞色素C(Cyt C)的同步荧光光谱特性,发现在波长差Δλ=20nm时表现为酪氨酸(Tyr)残基的荧光峰,在Δλ=80nm时为色氨酸(Try)残基的荧光峰。同时考察了浓度对Cyt C同步荧光光谱的影响,为Cyt C的定量测定打下基础。     

Photoinduced Electron Transfer in Dry Gelatin Containing Bound Methylene Blue

Excited states of methylene blue bound to dry gelatin undergo electron-transfer quenching reactions with neighboring amino acid residues to give reduced, methylene blue-free radicals. At the low loadings of methylene blue bound to gelatin used in this work, the absorption spectra indicated that the methylene blue existed principally in its monomeric form. The rates of methylene blue fluorescence quenching depended on the temperature at which the gelatin was dried. There was no detectable fluorescence characteristic of the localized excited singlet state of methylene blue when the dye is bound to gelatin dried at 15°C, where a significant proportion of the protein exists in its a -helical form. Instead, weak emission with a maximum at 645 nm is observed. It is inferred from this that the rate of quenching of any localized excited singlet states of the dye bound to a -helical gelatin is very fast thereby competing efficiently with radiative relaxation. The weak emission at 645 nm is ascribed to a fluorescent exciplex formed between bound methylene blue and a neighboring electron/proton donor residue of the gelatin. While fluorescence characteristic of the localized methylene blue singlet state was observed from dyed gelatin dried at 50°C, i.e. in its random coil form, the triplet state is subject to rapid quenching by electron/proton transfer with protein moieties.     

Luminescence behavior of a water soluble calix[4]arene derivative complex with terbium ion(III) in gelation solution

The complexation luminescence behavior of a water soluble calix[4]arene derivative, 5,11,17,23-tetra-sulfonate-25,26,27,28-tetra-carboxymethoxycalix[4]arene (L) with lanthanoid ion (Tb(3+)) has been investigated in gelation solution at 25 degrees C by using UV-vis and fluorescence spectra. The results obtained indicated that the water soluble calix[4]arene derivative can form an efficient energy transfer complex with terbium ion(III). The fluorescence of L x Tb(3+)complex is partially quenched by gelatin in gelation solution. The quenching intensity is related to the concentration and the hydrolysis degree of gelatin. Absorption and fluorescence spectra analysis show that the -COO(-) groups on gelatin have a definite binding ability to Tb(3+), and then, gelatin could compete binding with calix[4]arene derivative upon complexation with Tb(3+), leading to the relative fluorescence quenching of the formation complex of terbium(III) ion with calix[4]arene derivative.     

荧光素在明胶片中的光吸收及稳定性

由于对非线性光学材料的需求,近年来已有很多工作对荧光素的光学及光化学性质进行研究,研究对象既有溶液也有聚合物薄膜。本工作使用明胶片研究荧光素在明胶片中的光吸收、荧光及光稳定性。     

Fluorescence quenching method for the determination of sodium carboxymethyl cellulose with acridine yellow or acridine orange

In near neutral to weak basic media, sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (NaCMC) will dissociate to become a macro polymeric anion, which can react with acridine yellow (AY) or acridine orange (AO) to form an ion-association complex resulting in fluorescence quenching of the acridine dyes. The maximum fluorescence quenching wavelength is 505 nm (lambda(ex)=440 nm) for AY system and 530 nm (lambda(ex)=493 nm) for AO system, respectively. The fluorescence quenching values (DeltaF) are directly proportional to the concentrations of NaCMC and the linear ranges are 20.0-4000 microg/L for AY system and 20.0-7000 microg/L for AO system, separately. This method has high sensitivity and the detection limits for NaCMC are 58.0 microg/L (AY system) and 157.2 microg/L (AO system). The effects of coexistent substance have been investigated, and the results show that this method has a relatively good selectivity. A fluorescence quenching method for the determination of NaCMC based on the ion-association reactions of CMC polymeric anion with a basic acridine dye was developed. The method is sensitive, simple and fast.     

Determination of pimozide in oral preparations by spectrofluorometry

The intense native fluorescence of pimozide is reported. It is due to the benzo-1,3-diazolin-2-one fraction of the molecule, also present in the structurally analogous benperidol molecule. The fluorescence intensity is nearly independent of solvent acidity. This substance can be determined in oral preparations by its native fluorescence in diethyl ether (lambda(EXC) = 290 nm. lambda = 319 nm) with a detection limit of 0.01 mug/ml.     

明胶和阳离子表面活性剂CTAB的相互作用

采用电导法、荧光法、pH等方法研究了明胶与十六烷基三甲基溴化铵 (CTAB)的相互作用.结果表明,在CTAB/明胶 /水体系中,明胶浓度的增大使得CTAB分子的cac₁,cac₂,cmc值均上升,胶束的聚集数下降.冷冻蚀刻透射电镜实验(FFTEM)的结果证实了明胶分子与CTAB分子之间形成了复合物,随着CTAB浓度的增加,结构从线状、卷曲、珍珠项链状、棒状至网状依次变化.     

明胶溶液中笤帚状纳米CdS的合成及其光谱特性研究

以明胶为稳定剂, 制备出CdS纳米棒, 并实现其向笤帚状纳米CdS的形貌转化. 扫描电镜(SEM)图像表明, 生长时间为2 d, 样品为棒状结构, 直径为50～140 nm, 长度为150～710 nm; 生长15 d的CdS微晶为笤帚状, 结节点直径340～620 nm, 长度2.7～8.4 μm. 探讨了其形貌转化的原因. 结合红外吸收(IR)和荧光光谱的测试结果, 提出了可能的离子络合转化和定位生长机理. 合成的CdS微晶具有一定的荧光性质, 并在紫外和荧光光谱上均表现出明显的量子尺寸效应.     

纳米CdS与明胶蛋白质的相互作用

利用荧光光谱和紫外-可见吸收光谱研究了pH＝12.0及不同温度下, CdS纳米晶与明胶结合反应的光谱行为, 实验发现在明胶溶液中CdS的生成对明胶的内源荧光有较强的猝灭作用. 用Lineweave-Burk方程处理实验数据, 发现CdS与明胶发生反应生成了配合物, 结合红外和紫外-可见吸收光谱结果, 属于静态荧光猝灭; 计算了不同温度下反应的结合常数K (285 K: 1.07×104 L&#8226;mol－1; 292 K: 9.69×103 L&#8226;mol－1; 299 K: 8.06×103 L&#8226;mol－1)及对应温度下结合反应的热力学参数(ΔrHm＝－14.18 kJ&#8226;mol－1; ΔrGm＝－21.98/－22.28/－22.36 kJ&#8226;mol－1; ΔrSm＝27.36/27.74/27.36 J&#8226;K－1&#8226;mol－1), 证明二者主要靠静电作用力结合. 根据Förster的偶极-偶极非辐射能量转移原理计算出结合位置距离色氨酸残基4.09 nm, 发生分子内的非辐射能量转移. 为探讨纳米颗粒与此类生物大分子之间相互作用的化学机制提供了重要的信息.     

PHARMACOKINETICS OF FLUORESCENT POLYPORPHYRIN PHOTOFRIN II IN NORMAL RAT TISSUE AND RAT BLADDER TUMOR

The transient behavior of the molecular components responsible for fluorescence emission of the photosensitizing polyporphyrin Photofrin II has been studied quantitatively in the liver, small intestines, bladder and muscles of rats. Relative concentrations of the substance were determined fluorometrically in vivo using a Kr(+)-laser (wavelength = 406.7 nm) and a mercury arc lamp (wavelength = 405 or 550 nm) for fluorescence excitation of Photofrin II. Fluorescence was detected at the maxima of the emission bands, at 630 or 690 nm. The results of the experiments show that Photofrin II can be clearly detected by its fluorescence in all the organs investigated from 3 h up to at least 28 days after systemic application of the substance. Within this investigational period the fluorescing components of Photofrin II are released continuously from the organs. In all the tissues examined, an initial decrease with time constants between 2 and 42 h followed by a slow decay with time constants between about 300 and 600 h can be observed. In addition the pharmacokinetics of the fluorescent components of Photofrin II in chemically induced rat bladder tumors with different stages of malignancy were compared to healthy rat bladder tissue. In a time range of 2-10 days after intravenous injection Photofrin II shows a fluorescence 2-5 times brighter in rat bladder tumors than in healthy bladder tissue.     

PHOTOCHEMICAL REACTIONS IN RIGID MEDIA-I. THE EFFECT OF GELATIN ON THE AEROBIC PHOTOCHEMISTRY OF RIBOFLAVIN IN AQUEOUS SOLUTION

Abstract— The addition of potassium iodide to dilute aqueous solutions of riboflavin reduced both the rate of the aerobic photolysis and the fluorescence quantum yield of riboflavin in the same proportions. This indicated that under these conditions the photolysis proceeded from the singlet excited state. The addition of gelatin to aqueous solutions of riboflavin also reduced the rate of the aerobic photolysis but increased slightly the quantum yield of fluorescence. The rates and the fluorescence of solutions of riboflavin to which gelatin had been added were also reduced by the addition of potassium iodide but in this case the effect on the rate was proportionately greater than the effect on the fluorescence. The data suggests that in the presence of gelatin the mechanism of the reaction is changed and that the triplet state becomes more important.