微晶酚酞富集-分光光度法测定痕量Zn(II)

建立了一种利用修饰有结晶紫(CV^＋)的微晶酚酞作为固态吸附剂分离富集溶液中痕量Zn(II)的新方法, 富集后的Zn(II)含量可直接用光度法测定. 控制一定条件, Zn(II)能与常见阳离子Ni(II), Cd(II), Al(III), Ca(II), Mg(II), Co(II), Mn(II), Cu(II), Pb(II), Fe(III)等完全分离, 且富集时基本不受, , Br^－, Cl^－, I^－,等阴离子影响. 微晶酚酞对Zn(II)的吸附容量为25.8 mg/g; 富集因数可达200倍, 回收率在97.7%～102%之间, RSD小于2.7%. 该方法已成功应用于实际水样中Zn(II)的富集测定, 结果令人满意.     

用1-亚硝基-2-萘酚修饰的微晶蒽分离富集与测定环境水中钴

建立了微晶蒽分离富集环境水样中痕量Co(II)的方法。在pH3.0条件下,1-亚硝基-2-萘酚与Co(II)形成红棕色螯合物被微晶蒽定量吸附,能使Co(II)与Pb(II)、Ni(II)、Mn(II)、Cu(II)、Cd(II)、Zn(II)、Fe(III)、Cr(III)、Al(III)等常见离子分离。本法富集倍数达100倍,检出限为0.14μg/L,回收率97.5%～105%,已应用于不同水样中Co(II)的测定。     

Highly selective determination of palladium(II) after preconcentration using Pd(II)-imprinted functionalized silica gel sorbent prepared by a surface imprinting technique

A novel Pd(II)-imprinted amino-functionalized silica gel sorbent was prepared with the help of a surface-imprinting technique for the preconcentration and separation of Pd(II) prior to its determination by inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry. Compared to the traditional solid sorbents and non-imprinted polymer particles, the ion-imprinted polymers (IIPs) had a higher adsorption capacity and selectivity for Pd(II). The maximum static adsorption capacity of the imprinted and non-imprinted sorbent for Pd(II) was 26.71 mg g⁻¹ and 10.13 mg g⁻¹, respectively. The relative selectivity factor (α_r) of Pd(II)/Zn(II), Pd(II)/Au(III), Pd(II)/Ru(III), Pd(II)/Rh(III), Pd(II)/Pt(IV), Pd(II)/Ir(III), Pd(II)/Fe(III) and Pd(II)/Zn(II) is 39.0, 60.2, 92.0, 85.0, 50.0, 58.0 and 45.0, respectively. The detection limit (3σ) of the method is 0.36 μg L⁻¹. The relative standard deviation was 3.2% for eight replicate determinations of 10 μg of Pd²⁺ in 200 mL water sample. The method was validated by analyzing a standard reference material, and the results obtained were in good agreement with the standard values. The method was also applied to the determination of trace palladium in geological samples with satisfactory results.     

Spectrofluorimetric Determination of Cu2＋ Using New Fluorogenic Reagent

A new synthesized fluorogenic reagent,8-[(2-pyridine)methylideneamino] quinoline (PMAQ), was utilized for spectrofluorimetric determination of Cu(II) at trace levels. PMAQ, a good fluorogenic reagent, though insoluble in water, but is soluble in ethanol and 20% ethanol-water. The excitation and the fluorescence wavelengths of PMAQ were 310 and 434 nm respectively. When the reagent was complexed with Cu(II), the fluorescence intensity decreased proportionally with the concentration of Cu(II) at pH 4.5 by a static quenching effect. The highest sensitivity to Cu^2＋ determination was shown to be at PMAQ concentration of 1.0×10^－5mol•L^－1. In order to enhance the quenching effect, the Cu(II)-PMAQ complex solution was kept at 22 ℃ for 20 min. Though the interferences by Co(II) and Fe(III) were very serious, they were however, completely eliminated by being masked with oxalate and ascorbate ions respectively. The linear dynamic range for Cu(II) determination was between 25—441 µg•L^－1 with the detection limit of 18 µg•L^－1 (RSD＝3.7%, n＝6). The proposed method was successfully applied to the determination of Cu(II) in real samples including human blood serum, commercial tea and wheat flour.     

IIB族金属二硫代氨基甲酸配合物的合成、表征及热稳定性研究

在甲醇溶液中合成了一系列IIB过渡金属Zn(II), Cd(II)的二羟乙基二硫代氨基甲酸[(EtOH)₂dtc]的配合物, 并对配合物M[(EtOH)₂dtc]₂L [M＝Zn (1), Cd (2), L＝2,2'-联吡啶; M＝Zn (3), Cd (4), L＝邻菲啰啉]进行了红外光谱、元素分析、热重分析表征工作. 热重分析表明配合物1～4中DTC配体比中性配体更易失去, 热分解最终产物为相应的氧化物. 对化合物1, 2做了X-ray单晶衍射分析, 1为单斜晶系, P2₁/c空间群, 晶胞参数a＝0.72146(5) nm, b＝2.61720(18) nm, c＝1.59438(11) nm,b＝97.899(2)°, V＝2.9820(4) nm³, Z＝4, m＝1.133 mm^－1, D_c＝1.297 Mg•m^－3; 2为三斜晶系, P-1空间群, 晶胞参数a＝1.0075(2) nm, b＝1.1580(2) nm, c＝1.1777(2) nm, a＝70.92(3)°, b＝85.71(3)°, γ＝81.02(3)°, V＝1.2822(4) nm³, Z＝2, m＝2.118 mm^－1, D_c＝1.630 Mg•m^－3.     

Pyrogallol Immobilized Amberlite XAD-2: A Newly Designed Collector for Enrichment of Metal Ions Prior to their Determination by Flame Atomic Absorption Spectrometry

 Pyrogallol is covalently linked with the benzene ring of Amberlite XAD-2, through an azo (–N=N–) spacer group and the resulting new polymer characterized by elemental analyses, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and infrared (IR) spectra. It has been used for separation and preconcentration of Cu(II), Cd(II), Co(II), Ni(II), Pb(II), Zn(II), Mn(II), Fe(III) and U(VI) prior to their determination by flame atomic absorption spectrometry (FAAS) or fluorimetry (for U(VI) only). The pH ranges for quantitative sorption are 5.5–6.5, 5.5–7.5, 5.5–7.0, 5.5–7.0, 5.5–6.5, 5.5–6.5, 5.5–8.0, 5.5–6.2 and 5.5–6.2, respectively, for the nine metal ions, which can be desorbed (recovery 90–99%) with 4 mol L⁻¹ HNO₃ or HCl. The sorption capacity of the resin has been found to be in the range 4.10 to 6.71 mg of metal g⁻¹ of dry resin. The loading half time (t_1/2) was ≤3.3 min for all the metal ions. The effects of NaF, NaCl, NaNO₃, Na₂SO₄, and Na₃PO₄ on the sorption of these metal ions (0.2 μg mL⁻¹) are reported. The Ca(II) and Mg(II) are tolerable up to a concentration level of 40–400 and 25–240 μg mL⁻¹, respectively. The enrichment factor for Cu(II), Cd(II), Co(II), Ni(II), Pb(II), Zn(II), Mn(II), Fe(III) and U(VI) has been found to be 65, 40, 65, 120, 25, 160, 120, 140, and 70 (concentration level 2–25 ng mL⁻¹), respectively. The limit of detection for these nine metal ions is 5.0, 1.3, 5.0, 4.0, 25.0, 0.5, 1.0, 2.0 and 1.0 ng mL⁻¹, respectively. After enrichment on the present matrix, the flame AAS method has been applied to determine these metal ions (except U) in river water samples (RSD ≤ 7%) and well water (RSD ≤ 8%). Uranium present in well water samples has been enriched on the present matrix and determined by a fluorimetric method (RSD ≤ 6%). The cobalt present in pharmaceutical vitamin tablets was also preconcentrated with the aid of the present chelating resin and determined by FAAS to be 1.93 μg g⁻¹ (RSD ∼4%). Received May 16, 2000. Revision April 3, 2001.     

二维配位聚合物[Zn(PDC)(phen)]n的合成、晶体结构及荧光性质

合成了锌(II)与3,4-吡啶二羧酸和1,10-邻菲啰啉形成的配位聚合物[Zn(PDC)(phen)]_n (1) (H₂PDC＝3,4-吡啶二羧酸, phen＝1,10-邻菲啰啉), 对其进行了元素分析、红外光谱和X射线单晶衍射表征, 测定了晶体结构. 该聚合物属单斜晶系, P2(1)/n空间群, a＝0.77136 nm, b＝1.9757(4) nm, c＝1.0680(2) nm, β＝95.36(3)°, V＝1.6205(6) nm³, Z＝4, D_c＝1.683 Mg/m³, M_r＝410.68, F(000)＝832, μ＝1.55 mm^－1, 最终偏离因子R₁＝0.0608, wR₂＝0.0967. 该化合物中Zn原子与来自两个PDC的三个羧基氧原子, 另外一个PDC的吡啶氮原子, 以及phen的两个氮原子配位, 形成的ZnN₃O₃八面体通过PDC桥联形成二维层状网络结构. 此外还研究了该聚合物的热性质和荧光性质.     

Copper(II) ion-selective microelectrochemical transistor

A device has been developed for the measurement of copper(II) ions (Cu⁺⁺) in aqueous medium. The device reported here is an electrochemical transistor that consists of two platinum electrodes separated by 100-μm spacing and bridged with an anodically grown polycarbazole film. The undoped polycarbazole film is observed to be highly selective for the Cu(II) ions. In a completed device, the conductivity of the polycarbazole film changes on addition of Cu (II)ions. This change in conductivity is attributed to the conformational changes in the polymer phase on occupation of the Cu(II) ions, without affecting electron/proton transfer. The device turns on by adding 2.5×10⁻⁶ M Cu(II) ions and reaches a saturation region above a concentration of 10⁻⁴ M Cu(II) ions. In this concentration range, the plot of I _D vs log[Cu(II)] is linear. The selectivity of the device for other metal ions such as Cu(I), Co(II), Fe(II), Fe(III), Zn(II), and Pb(II) is also studied.     

[Cr(III)(SSA)(en)2]•2H2O配合物的合成、表征及性质研究

有机铬(III)配合物具有较高的生物利用率. 本文合成了一种新型磺基水杨酸铬(III)混配配合物[Cr(SSA)(en)₂]•2H₂O (SSA＝5-磺基水杨酸, en＝乙二胺), 通过红外、紫外、荧光光谱以及元素分析、电导率测定和X晶体衍射等方法对其结构进行了表征. 在pH 7.4, 0.05 mol•L^－1 Tris-HCl缓冲液中, 利用荧光光谱研究了配合物与人血清白蛋白的结合. 结果表明配合物可与人血清白蛋白以较强的分子间作用力结合, 条件结合常数为(2.7±0.1)×10⁴ mol•L^－1, 结合位点数为3.87. 在pH 7.4, 0.05 mol•L^－1 Tris-HCl缓冲液中, 观察了不同温度下EDTA和脱铁伴清蛋白为竞争剂的配体取代反应动力学行为, 其中37 ℃时反应速率常数分别为0.0142和0.0225 h^－1.     

[Cr(III)(SSA)(en)2]•2H2O配合物的合成、表征及性质研究

有机铬(III)配合物具有较高的生物利用率. 本文合成了一种新型磺基水杨酸铬(III)混配配合物[Cr(SSA)(en)₂]•2H₂O (SSA＝5-磺基水杨酸, en＝乙二胺), 通过红外、紫外、荧光光谱以及元素分析、电导率测定和X晶体衍射等方法对其结构进行了表征. 在pH 7.4, 0.05 mol•L^－1 Tris-HCl缓冲液中, 利用荧光光谱研究了配合物与人血清白蛋白的结合. 结果表明配合物可与人血清白蛋白以较强的分子间作用力结合, 条件结合常数为(2.7±0.1)×10⁴ mol•L^－1, 结合位点数为3.87. 在pH 7.4, 0.05 mol•L^－1 Tris-HCl缓冲液中, 观察了不同温度下EDTA和脱铁伴清蛋白为竞争剂的配体取代反应动力学行为, 其中37 ℃时反应速率常数分别为0.0142和0.0225 h^－1.     

Determination of chromium(VI) and total chromium in water by in-electrode coulometric titration in a porous glassy carbon electrode

Chromium(VI) is determined through its direct electrochemical reduction in the bulk of a porous glassy carbon electrode. An electrode filled with the acidified sample and Cr(VI) is reduced by means of a constant current whereas the potential of the electrode is monitored. The limits of detection and quantification were found to be 1.9 and 6.0 μg · L⁻¹, resp. The linear range, repeatability and reproducibility were found to be 5–500 μg · L⁻¹, 1.2, and 1.8%, resp. The influence of Fe(III), Ca(II), Mg(II), sulphates, nitrates, humic acids and surfactants was investigated. Total chromium was measured after chemical oxidation of Cr(III) to chromate by permanganate. The method was applied to analyses of water samples.     

Fe(III)与2,3-二羟基苯磺酸钠配位反应的动力学研究

[H⁺]在0.01～0.70 mol•L^－1范围内, 离子强度为1.00 mol•L^－1, [Fe(III)]>>[配体]、[H⁺]>>[配体]的条件下, 研究了Fe(III)与2,3-二羟基苯磺酸钠(Tiron)的配位反应. 发现当[H⁺]≤3.00×10^－2 mol•L^－1时, [Fe(III)]²对反应速率有明显的贡献. 求得了相关反应的动力学参数, 从而揭示了FeOH²⁺和与Tiron配位的解离反应途径及的缔合反应机制, 并提出了该配位反应的可能机理.     

负载型纳米二氧化钛对重金属离子吸附性能的研究

采用溶胶-凝胶法制备二氧化钛溶胶, 将其浸渍在硅胶上, 合成了负载型纳米二氧化钛材料, 以X射线衍射(XRD)、扫描电镜(SEM)等手段对其进行了表征. 以ICP-AES为检测手段, 系统地研究了负载型纳米TiO₂材料对重金属离子Cd^2＋, Cr^3＋, Cu^2＋和Mn^2＋的吸附性能. 结果表明, 在pH 8～9范围内, 所研究的重金属离子均可被定量富集, 吸附的金属离子可用0.5 mol/L的HNO₃完全解脱. 负载型纳米二氧化钛对Cd^2＋, Cr^3＋, Cu^2＋和Mn^2＋的静态吸附容量分别为8.3, 13.1, 12.6和5.1 mg/g, 与未负载的纳米二氧化钛相近. 将其应用于环境标准样品中Cd^2＋, Cr^3＋, Cu^2＋和Mn^2＋的分离富集与测定, 结果满意.     

1-亚甲基苯并咪唑-1,4,7-三氮环壬烷配体及其铜配合物[Cu(C14H21N5)Br]2•[CuBr4]的合成与晶体结构

采用新的方法合成了1-亚甲基苯并咪唑-1,4,7-三氮环壬烷配体, 利用该配体合成了一个新的铜配合物[Cu(C₁₄H₂₁N₅)Br]₂•[CuBr₄] ([Cu(C₁₄H₂₁N₅)Br]^＋•[CuBr₄]^2－•[Cu(C₁₄H₂₁N₅)Br]^＋), 并测定了它的晶体结构, 结果表明: 该配合物的晶体属于单斜晶系的C2/c空间群, 晶胞参数a＝1.96209(15) nm, b＝0.82319(5) nm, c＝2.39249(15) nm, α＝90.00°, β＝102.996(2)°, γ＝90.00°, V＝3.7653(4) nm³, Z＝4, μ(Mo Kα)＝8.083 mm^－1, D_c＝2.097 Mg/m³, F(000)＝2308, R＝0.0417, wR＝0.0945, GOF＝0.933. 该配合物由两个1-亚甲基苯并咪唑-1,4,7-三氮环壬烷一溴合铜配阳离子和一个四溴合铜配阴离子组成. 在两个配阳离子中, 每个Cu(II)离子与五个配位原子配位(四个氮原子和一个溴阴离子), 位于一个变形四方锥的中心. 在配阴离子中, Cu(II)离子与四个溴阴离子配位, 位于一个稍变形四面体的中心.     

甲基紫修饰的微晶酚酞分离富集-光度法测定痕量铋(Ⅲ)的研究

建立了以修饰有甲基紫(MV)的微晶酚酞作为固相吸附剂分离富集和测定环境样品中痕量Bi(Ⅲ)的新方法.研究表明,Bi(Ⅲ)与I-、 MV 形成三元离子缔合物[BiI6] (MV)3能定量吸附在微晶酚酞上,在适当条件下,Bi(Ⅲ)能与Co(Ⅱ)、 Ni(Ⅱ)、 Mn(Ⅱ)、 Fe(Ⅱ)、 Al(Ⅲ)、 Zn(Ⅱ)等常见阳离子分离,且基本不受Br-、 SCN-、 SO42-、 NO3-、 Cl-、 ClO4-等阴离子影响.Bi(Ⅲ)的静态吸附容量为0.81 mmol/g,富集因数可达200倍,回收率在97.2%以上,RSD 1.3%～2.2%之间.已应用于环境水样中Bi(Ⅲ)的测定.     

两个双核铁（Ⅲ）和三足配体的配合物的合成和晶体结构

运用三足四齿配体三（2－甲基吡啶）胺（TPA）或三（2－甲基苯丙咪唑）胺（TBA）,得到两个双核铁(III)配合物，[Fe₂L₂(μ₂-O)(μ₂-p-NH₂-C₆H₄COO)]³⁺ (L = TPA, 1 和 L = TBA, 2)。两个配合物均为单斜晶系，空间群为P2(1)/c.晶胞参数 1: a = 1.4529(4), b = 1.6622(5), c = 2.0625(6) nm, β= 100.327(5)º, V = 4.900(3) nm³, z = 4, F(000) = 2344, 分子量M_r = 1142.91, Dc = 1.549 g/cm³, R₁ = 0.0544, R₂ = 0.0962. 2: a = 1.3378(4), b = 2.1174(7), c = 2.4351(7) nm, β= 97.315(6)º, V = 6.842(4) nm³, z = 4, F (000) = 3116, 分子量M_r = 1505.08, Dc = 1.444 g/cm³, R₁ = 0.0793, R₂ = 0.1623. 在两个双核铁(III)配合物中，中心的三价铁和配体TPA或TBA上的四个氮原子和两个氧原子通过不同的桥形成一个畸变的八面体构型。     

X@(HAlNH)12和X(HAlNH)12 (X＝F－, Cl－, Br－, O2－, S2－, Se2－)复合物的结构和稳定性

用DFT的B3LYP方法在6-31G(d)基组的水平上, 对闭式多面体簇合物(HAlNH)₁₂及其内含式X@(HAlNH)₁₂和外接式X(HAlNH)₁₂ (X＝F^－, Cl^－, Br^－, O^2－, S^2－, Se^2－)复合物的结构进行了构型优化和能量计算, 并讨论了几何构型、自然键轨道(NBO)、振动频率、能量参数及NMR数据与结构的关系, 最后得到复合物结构的稳定性信息, 具有T_h对称性的X@(HAlNH)₁₂ (X＝F^－, Cl^－, Br^－, S^2－, Se^2－)复合物和具有C₃对称性的O^2－@(HAlNH)₁₂复合物为内含式的基态结构, 从能量角度分析, 内含式复合物比外接式复合物的结构稳定.     

铁氰化钾-钙黄绿素化学发光体系测定酮替芬的研究

发现钙黄绿素可以吸收铁氰化钾氧化酮替芬反应的化学能而产生化学发光, 以钙黄绿素为化学发光试剂, 构建了铁氰化钾-酮替芬-钙黄绿素化学发光体系, 利用此体系建立了测定酮替芬的化学发光分析新方法, 方法的线性范围为2.0×10^－8～6.0×10^－6 g•mL^－1, 检出限为8×10^－9 g•mL^－1, 对浓度为5.0×10^－7 g•mL^－1酮替芬溶液进行11次平行测定的相对标准偏差(RSD)为2.1%. 此法已用于药品中酮替芬含量的测定, 结果与药典测定结果一致. 对化学发光反应的机理也进行了初步的探讨.     

基于含咪唑基三角架配体和苯四酸的三个配位聚合物的合成、晶体结构和性质

利用刚性含咪唑基三脚架配体1,3,5-三咪唑基苯(tib)和不同的苯二酸与金属盐反应, 得到一系列具有有趣拓扑结构的配位聚合物, 二酸配体、抗衡阴离子等对结构有很大影响. 将1,2,4,5-苯四酸(H₄btec)引入到反应体系, 研究了与不同金属氯化物的反应, 考察了中心金属配位构型等对配合物结构的影响. 分别将NiCl₂·6H₂O、CoCl₂·6H₂O、ZnCl₂与tib、H₄btec、NaOH混合后在水热条件下反应, 得到了三个新的配位聚合物[Ni₂(tib)₂(btec)]·2H₂O (1), [Co₂(tib)₂(btec)]·2H₂O (2), [Zn₄(tib)₂(btec)Cl₄]·2H₂O (3). 通过元素分析、红外光谱和单晶结构解析等手段对配合物进行了表征. 化合物1和2具有相同的结构. 在1中, 中心金属Ni(II)采用变形八面体配位构型. 每个btec^4-配体连接四个Ni(II)形成无限延伸的一维链状结构, 而每个tib连接三个Ni(II)形成具有典型63-hcb拓扑结构的二维层状结构. 二维层在空间上通过btec^4-连接形成最终的层柱状三维结构. 我们对化合物1进行了拓扑分析. 每个Ni(II)链接三个tib和两个btec^4-, Ni(II)可以看成是一个五节点. 每个tib和btec^4-可以分别被简化成三节点和四节点. 化合物1是一个具有 (3,4,5)-三节点的三维网络结构, 它的Schläfli符号为(4·6³·8⁶)₂(4²·8⁴)(6³)₂. 进一步分析结果显示, 化合物1中有由两个btec^4-、两个Ni(II)和两个tib形成的大环与二维63-hcb层中的大环互相贯穿, 没有交点, 是少有报道的具有自贯穿结构特征的配位聚合物. 化合物3与1, 2的最大区别在于抗衡阴离子Cl^-参与到了3的结构中. 结构单元中两个不同的Zn(II)原子(Zn1和Zn2)均采用变形四面体配位构型. 每个btec^4-连接六个Zn(II)原子形成一维链状结构. Zn-btec一维链 在空间上沿着两个互相垂直的方向无限延伸. 另外, 每个tib连接三个Zn(II)原子并通过[Zn₂(COO)₂]双核单元连接形成一维链. 这些链互相连接形成最终的三维结构. 如果将双核单元、Zn2、tib、btec^4-分别看做4-、3-、4-、3-节点, 拓扑分析结果表明化合物3是一个具有(3,4)-节点的三维网络, 它的Schl?fli符号为(4·8²)₂(8⁴·10·12). 热重分析结果表明化合物1~3都有较高的热稳定性. 另外, 化合物3是含d10金属化合物, 荧光测试结果显示3在408 nm处有荧光发射, 可归结于配体内部π-π^*电子跃迁, 因为单独的tib在405 nm处有荧光发射. 在1和2中, Ni(II)和Co(II)都采用六配位八面体配位构型, 而在3中Zn(II)采用了四配位四面体配位构型. 另外btec^4-不同的配位模式导致在1~3中不同M-btec(中心金属)链的形成. tib与中心金属离子在1和2中形成二维层, 而在3中形成一维链. 通过化合物1~3的结构比较, 可以看到中心金属配位构型和羧基配体配位模式对配合物结构有很大的影响.     

微晶酚酞-乙基紫分离富集镉(Ⅱ)

微晶酚酞-乙基紫分离富集镉(Ⅱ);微晶酚酞;乙基紫;分离富集;镉(Ⅱ)