甲苯、丙酮和乙酸乙酯在新型铂-钯/不锈钢丝网催化剂上的催化氧化

采用阳极氧化法制备了一种用于催化氧化处理挥发性有机化合物(VOCs)的0.1%Pt-0.5%Pd/不锈钢丝网(SSWM)催化剂. 活性测试结果表明, 0.1%Pt-0.5%Pd/不锈钢丝网催化剂具有较高的催化活性和热稳定性. 该催化剂上甲苯、丙酮和乙酸乙酯的完全氧化温度分别为220、260和280 ℃. 通过扫描电镜(SEM)、X射线光电子能谱(XPS)和超声波等手段对催化剂和不锈钢丝网进行了表征. SEM结果表明, 经阳极氧化工艺处理过的不锈钢金属丝网载体表面形成了一层沟壑形态的复合氧化膜. 该阳极氧化膜有利于活性组分Pd、Pt的分散.     

铈的引入对负载钯阳极氧化膜不锈钢丝网催化剂结构和性能的影响

通过阳极氧化技术制备了一种新型的0.75%Ce-0.5%Pd/不锈钢丝网催化剂. 采用扫描电镜(SEM)和程序升温还原技术(TPR)对催化剂进行了表征. 考察了稀土铈的引入对催化剂上甲苯、丙酮和乙酸乙酯氧化活性的影响, 结果显示, 在不锈钢丝网载体表面处理过程中引入阳极氧化技术, 使之自组织生长了一层多孔氧化膜, 提供了活性组分CeO2和Pd相互作用的平台. 氧化铈的引入, 使不锈钢丝网载体表面的多孔氧化膜形成了独特的海绵状蜂窝结构, 有利于活性组分Pd的分散锚定. 0.75%Ce-0.5%Pd/不锈钢丝网催化剂对甲苯、丙酮和乙酸乙酯的完全转化温度分别为200, 240和260 ℃, 具有良好的催化消除活性. 催化剂的反应活性与稀土CeO2的引入及其在阳极氧化膜上形成独特的形貌有关.     

不锈钢丝网上Cu基催化剂的制备及反应性能

采用阳极氧化技术在不锈钢丝网上成功地自生长了结构致密的氧化物膜,并以此为载体,通过电化学沉积工艺制备了Cu/不锈钢丝网催化剂。以甲苯、丙酮、乙酸乙酯及二氯甲烷为模型反应,考察了4种不同种类挥发性有机化合物(VOCs)在该催化剂上的完全氧化活性。结果表明电化学沉积时间为15 min制备得到的催化剂上完全氧化丙酮、甲苯、乙酸乙酯及二氯甲烷的温度分别为240、220、260和440℃。在220℃反应条件下进行60 h的甲苯氧化稳定性试验结果显示该催化剂催化氧化甲苯的转化率一直保持98%以上,表现出较好的稳定性。扫描电镜,X射线衍射及X射线光电子能谱等表征结果表明,不锈钢丝网载体表面的阳极氧化物膜有利于提高活性组分的分散度。设计采用电沉积工艺大大提高了催化剂表面活性物种与载体的结合牢固度。     

Ce-Pt-Pd/不锈钢丝网催化剂的制备与催化性能

采用阳极氧化技术在不锈钢丝网上自生长了一层结构致密的阳极氧化膜,并以此为载体,制备出一种高活性、高稳定性的负载型Ce-Pt-Pd催化剂.考察了该系列催化剂对甲苯、丙酮和乙酸乙酯的氧化活性,并用扫描电镜、X射线光电子能谱和程序升温氧化技术对催化剂进行了表征.结果表明,不锈钢丝网载体表面自生长的氧化物膜十分有利于活性组分的负载,制得的催化剂具有较高的催化燃烧有机化合物的活性和稳定性.     

经阳极氧化处理的不锈钢负载贵金属新型催化剂用于挥发性有机化合物的治理

 催化氧化是一种处理VOCs有效的节能和经济的方法。不锈钢在工业上有很多的应用。由于其具有耐腐蚀性，而且其表面经阳极氧化能形成一层氧化膜，从而可应用于很多场合。但是以其为载体制成催化剂以处理VOCs还未见报告。本文介绍一种新型的催化剂，该催化剂以不锈钢阳极氧化膜为载体负载贵金属以用于VOCs处理。尤其是在经过1000℃的焙烧以后，对甲苯的燃烧仍然有良好的活性。 实验中的催化剂载体为不锈钢片（1Cr18Ni9Ti,0.3mm）。在30wt%的硫酸溶液中经过阳极氧化处理（选择40min，电流密度为1.5 A/dm3的条件）。然后在H2 [PtCl6] 和 PdCl2溶液中, 通过浸渍法将贵金属浸渍于载体而制得。 实验在固定床上进行，以甲苯为反应物，表1为评价结果。由表1可见Pt0.01wt%-Pd0.02wt%负载于不锈钢阳极氧化膜以后的催化剂，对于甲苯有良好的燃烧活性，尤其是，经过1000℃焙烧的催化剂的活性要比500℃ 和800℃ 被烧的催化剂的活性更高。 通过SEM表征了Pt0.01wt%-Pd0.02wt%不锈钢催化剂。图1a中空白的不锈钢载体的表面相对光滑，经过阳极氧化以后表面呈现均匀分布的微米粒径（0.3微末）复合氧化膜，与金属基体的接合牢固，表面的粗糙度也明显增加（Fig1b），可以有效地作为有机废气治理催化剂的担体。从而表现出较高的VOCs氧化活性。温度焙烧对催化剂的活性有很明显的影响，在经过500℃焙烧以后，催化剂表面有较大的颗粒团聚。随着温度提高到800℃和1000℃，其表面颗粒更趋于均匀且近似呈现一种接近纳米粒径的复合氧化膜结构；在甲苯的催化燃烧上，更是表现出很好的效果。 通过实验结果表明由于该催化剂具有很高VOCs去除活性，良好的热稳定性；催化剂容易加工成蜂窝，热稳定性好，机械强度高，抗机械震动，易导热的特性，在处理VOCs方面有很好的应用前景。     

0.1%Pt-0.02%Pd/不锈钢整体催化剂上丙酮氧化性能及稳定性(英文)

制备了0.1%Pt-0.02%Pd/不锈钢整体催化剂。选取不锈钢为该催化剂的载体,可克服传统γ-Al2O3和堇青石蜂窝载体热稳定性差的缺点。采用阳极氧化技术在不锈钢上自生长了结构致密的多孔阳极氧化膜,并在其上负载Pt和Pd制备得到挥发性有机物(VOCs)净化催化剂。结果表明,经500、800和1000℃不同温度焙烧后,该催化剂完全氧化丙酮的温度分别为160、160和200℃。该催化剂表现出以下优点:(a)高温稳定性能好;(b)低温催化活性高;(c)贵金属负载量低。通过SEM和EDX等技术对该催化剂的结构及活性组分分散情况进行了表征。     

LaMO3(M=Co,Mn)钙钛矿型催化剂上VOCs催化燃烧的研究

研究了LaMO3(M=Co,Mn)钙钛矿型催化剂对VOCs的催化燃烧性能,该类催化剂对单一VOC和混合VOCs均有很好的催化活性,而LaMnO3的催化活性要比LaCoO3的催化活性更好,氧化还原滴定实验表明,LaMnO3催化剂中锰以Mn4 (大约35%)和Mn3 价态存在,而在LaCoO3催化剂中发现钴均以Co3 价态存在;在混合VOCs催化燃烧的试验中,3种有机物的易氧化性依次为正丙醇＞甲苯＞环己烷,达到99%的转化率时,环己烷的反应温度则比甲苯的反应温度要约低40℃.     

LaMO3(M=Co,Mn)钙钛矿型催化剂上VOCs催化燃烧的研究

研究了LaMO3(M=Co,Mn)钙钛矿型催化剂对VOCs的催化燃烧性能,该类催化剂对单一VOC和混合VOCs均有很好的催化活性,而LaMnO3的催化活性要比LaCoO3的催化活性更好,氧化还原滴定实验表明,LaMnO3催化剂中锰以Mn4+(大约35%)和Mn3+价态存在,而在LaCoO3催化剂中发现钴均以Co3+价态存在;在混合VOCs催化燃烧的试验中,3种有机物的易氧化性依次为正丙醇＞甲苯＞环己烷,达到99%的转化率时,环己烷的反应温度则比甲苯的反应温度要约低40℃.     

Cu-V-O氧化物催化燃烧甲苯的活性和抗硫性

采用溶胶-凝胶法制备一系列不同Cu/V比例的Cu-V-O催化剂,利用XRD、BET、H₂-TPR等手段对催化剂进行了表征,并考察其催化燃烧甲苯的活性和抗硫性。结果表明,适量的Cu掺杂会提高催化剂比表面积,而且Cu-V可以形成Cu₃V₂O₈晶型结构,使V₂O₅晶格氧活动增加,提高催化剂氧化-还原能力。其中,Cu_0.15V_0.85催化剂表现出最佳的活性和抗硫性;通过TiO₂负载可以进一步提高催化剂对甲苯的催化燃烧活性和抗硫性。     

催化燃烧去除VOCs污染物的最新进展

催化燃烧是目前最有效的处理挥发性有机物(VOCs)技术之一. 本文从催化剂活性组分、催化剂载体、有效组分颗粒大小、水蒸汽的影响及催化燃烧反应中的积碳等几个方面, 对近年来催化燃烧处理VOCs的研究进行了总结. 分析表明: 贵金属催化剂的研究主要着重于选择有效的载体和双组分贵金属催化剂; 非贵金属催化剂的研究主要集中在高活性的过渡金属复合氧化物、钙钛矿和尖晶石型等催化剂的研制, 还有这些活性组分粒径大小及载体对催化燃烧VOCs反应活性的影响;此外, 在实际应用中,水蒸汽和催化剂积碳失活等问题对催化燃烧VOCs的反应也有很大影响. 本文的评述将为选择合适的催化燃烧技术处理VOCs污染物提供一定参考.     

α-Amino acid derived enaminones and their application in the synthesis of N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates and other heterocycles

A new and simple synthesis of novel N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates, which exist in equilibrium with their 4-oxo tautomers, has been developed in two steps starting from N-protected α-amino acids. The key intermediates are enaminones, which can also be isolated, characterized, and used for the construction of other functionalized heterocycles, before they spontaneously decompose to pyrrole products. 4-Hydroxypyrroles are prone to partial aerial oxidation but can be efficiently alkylated or reduced to stable polysubstituted pyrrolidine derivatives.     

Specific intramolecular aromatic CH insertion of diazosulfonamides

The chemoselectivity in the intramolecular CH insertion of various diazosulfonamides has been experimentally studied. The results reveal that the aliphatic 1,4-, 1,5-, or 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions of diazosulfonamides are not accessible, while the aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion can be realized specifically by adjusting the diazo-adjacent group. In addition, the general chemoselectivities in the intramolecular CH insertions of diazosulfonyl compounds are summarized. Generally, diazosulfones undergo both aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H and aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions, while diazosulfonates undergo aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions. However, diazosulfonamides only undergo aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion.     

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes: synthesis,characterization and their applications in the C-N coupling and α-arylation of ketones using aryl chlorides

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes 3 were successfully achieved in a one-pot procedure under mild conditions. The structure of 3a was unambiguously confirmed by X-ray single crystal diffraction and it was an active catalyst in the Buchwald-Hartwig amination and α-arylation of ketones even at very low catalyst loadings (0.01?mol%).     

Iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction using terminal alkyne as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines and fused-nitrogen heterocycles

An efficient iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction in dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO) using terminal alkynes as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of aryl (9H-pyrido[3,4-b]indol-1-yl)methanones is described. The scope of the protocol includes the total synthesis of Fascaplysin, Eudistomins Y₁ and Y₂. The methodology is extended for preparing pyrrolo[1,2-a]-quinoxaline and indolo[1,5-a]quinoxaline derivatives. The utility of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines was demonstrated by performing palladium-catalyzed β-carboline directed ortho-C(sp2)-H functionalization of the phenyl ring with thiomethyl (SMe) group using DMSO as source and for accessing 4-aryl-canthin-6-ones.     

Facile synthesis of bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-ones

In this Letter, we described a facile method for constructing fused bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-one ring system. We employed various methylene-containing carboxylic acids as the substrates and proved that the pyrazolone ring closure requires activated methylene group in intermediate II. Accordingly, a series of structurally diversified, fused bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-ones was prepared in moderate to high yields using the requisite substrates.     

A carbanion induced synthesis of highly congested pyrazole and imidazole containing heterocycles

An efficient approach to the synthesis of highly congested di, penta and hexacyclic pyrazoles as well as imidazole fragment containing novel heterocyclic molecule has been developed through a carbanion induced transformation of suitably functionalized 2H-pyran-2-ones, benzo[h]chromene and thiochromeno[4,3-b]pyrans. Due to the presence of fluorescence, we report their prime application metal sensor as off/on switching in ferric ions.     

Synthesis of pyrrolo[1,2-a]pyrazines and pyrazino[1,2-a]indoles by Curtius reaction in Morita-Baylis-Hillman derivatives

Synthesis of substituted pyrrolo[1,2-a]pyrazines and pyrazino[1,2-a]indoles from the Morita-Baylis-Hillman derivatives of acrylates via saponification followed by Curtius reaction is described.     

正丁胺对激光染料荧光谱影响的研究

用正丁胺作为碳源,采用射频辉光放电制备碳膜,选用激光染料R6G和聚乙二醇混合液作为蒸气源,采用单源热蒸发,在蒸发室与染料同时沉积得到混合膜,用拉曼光谱和红外光谱分析了碳膜的结构和键合方式,分析表明:碳膜中存在胺基团和氢原子.混合膜的荧光谱测量结果表明,认为正丁胺对染料荧光谱的影响是因为胺基和氢原子的存在.     

Selective synthesis of 4,5-dihydroimidazo- and imidazo[1,5-a]quinoxalines via modified Pictet–Spengler reaction

An efficient tandem approach for the selective synthesis of 4,5-dihydroimidazo[1,5-a]quinoxalines 6a–g and imidazo[1,5-a]quinoxalines 7a–h by the reaction of 2-imidazolyl anilines 4a–c with aryl aldehydes 5a–k under mild reaction conditions is described. Introduction of electron releasing alkyl groups in substrates 4a–b was found to be instrumental for the success of the reaction.     

Understanding the Diels-Alder reactivity of 1,2-azaborine analogues

The Diels-Alder reactivity of 1,2-heteroborines (H₄C₄B(H)X, X?=?NH, PH, AsH; O, S, Se) has been computationally explored by means of Density Functional Theory (DFT) calculations. The influence of the HB?=?X fragment on the reactivity of the system has been quantitatively analyzed in detail by means of the so-called Activation Strain Model (ASM) of reactivity. It is found that the interaction between these species and the dienophile is significantly stronger than that computed for their all-carbon isoelectronic counterpart, benzene. In addition, the strain energy plays a key role in the observed reactivity trends. The role of the aromaticity strength of these heteroarenes on the reactivity is also assessed.