P(St-co-Ma)水溶性聚合物对硫酸钡晶体形貌的调控

以苯乙烯(St),马来酸酐(Ma)为单体合成了水溶性苯乙烯-马来酸酐共聚物[P(St-co-Ma)]。研究了P(St-co-Ma)在不同pH下对硫酸钡(BaSO4)晶体的调控。SEM、TG分析结果表明:水溶性共聚物的存在,能很好地控制硫酸钡晶体的生长,且其形态和尺寸随pH变化而改变。当pH为11和9时,晶体的表面形态分别呈卵形和菜花形。当pH为7和6时,晶体分别为球型-无规混杂和无规状态,聚合物对晶体的调控作用减弱。     

荧光双重敏感响应型水溶聚合物的合成及其发光性能研究

将丙烯酰氯与荧光素反应,合成出丙烯酸酯单体3-丙烯酰氧基荧光素(Ac-Flu),然后采用自由基溶液聚合法将Ac-Flu与丙烯酰胺(AM)共聚,制备得到含有荧光素生色团的水溶性荧光共聚物poly(Ac-Flu-co-AM).合成单体Ac-Flu和共聚物poly(Ac-Flu-co-AM)采用核磁(NMR),质谱(HR-MS),红外光谱(FTIR),示差扫描量热法(DSC),可见紫外分光光度仪(UV-Vis)等方法进行了结构表征,同时采用荧光光谱对共聚物poly(Ac-Flu-co-AM)的荧光极其荧光对温度和pH敏感响应性进行了测定研究.结果表明,poly(Ac-Flu-co-AM)的水溶液和薄膜在520 nm附近均具有较强的荧光发射.其中,水溶液荧光强度在0～60℃范围内随着温度的升高呈线性下降,表现出较好的温度敏感响应性质.同时,水溶液荧光强度在pH=4～10范围内随着碱性的增强而升高,表现出较好的pH敏感响应性质.     

共聚物Poly(DMAEMA-co-TPE-a)的合成及pH敏感荧光多孔光纤制备

将甲基丙烯酸N,N-二甲氨乙酯(DMAEMA)和微量荧光单体4-丙烯酰氧基四苯乙烯(TPE-a)经自由基共聚合制备了共聚物Poly(DMAEMA-co-TPE-a)(PDT),并通过引入交联剂N,N-亚甲基双丙烯酰胺(Bis)和致孔剂N,N-二甲基甲酰胺(DMF)制备了pH敏感荧光多孔光纤。采用FT-IR、~1 H-NMR、TG和SEM表征了产物的结构,研究了产物的荧光和pH响应性能。研究表明,共聚物PDT具有聚集诱导发光(AIE)效应,并具有较好的pH响应性能;当单体、交联剂和致孔剂的物质的量之比为60∶1∶40时,制备的pH敏感荧光多孔光纤具有较好的耐热性能、内部结构和pH响应性能。     

P(DEAM-co-MAA)在稀水溶液中构象行为的荧光探针研究

利用UV透光率测定,荧光探针技术等研究了N,N-二乙基丙烯酰胺(DEAM)与甲基丙烯酸(MAA)的共聚物P(DEAM-co-MAA) 在稀水溶液中的构象行为.结果表明，当共聚物中DEAM含量小于8.00％(molar fraction),溶液的pH < 6时,P(DEAM-co-MAA)在稀水溶液中的构象行为与聚甲基丙烯酸(PMAA)相似,共聚物可形成疏水微区,表现为一种较为高度压缩的线团构象;当共聚物中DEAM含量大于8.00％(molar fraction)时,由于高分子的稀释效应,P(DEAM-co-MAA)在pH 2～10范围内表现为较为松散的伸展构象.P(DEAM-co-MAA)构象随其组成和pH变化的这种性质有可能在新型敏感性凝胶的合成设计上获得应用.     

一锅法制备pH响应性聚丙烯酰基乙二胺盐酸盐-卟啉/芴荧光聚合物

采用可逆加成-断裂链转移聚合法(RAFT)制备了含有双硫酯片段的聚N-叔丁基氧羰基-丙烯酰基乙二胺(PBAEN).利用一锅法制备出含卟啉(EPT)或芴(DEPF)单元的PBAEN.经脱保护反应得到水溶性聚丙烯酰基乙二胺盐酸盐-卟啉(PAEN-EPT)和聚丙烯酰基乙二胺盐酸盐-芴(PAEN-DEPF).PAEN-EPT和PAENDEPF具有良好的水溶性,其中PAEN-EPT的荧光量子产率达0.097.当溶液pH≥7时,PAEN-EPT和PAEN-DEPF均出现荧光猝灭现象.PAEN-EPT和PAEN-DEPF的pH响应行为使得该类聚合物在水溶性荧光探针领域具有潜在的应用前景.     

量子点-罗丹明B比率型荧光探针的制备与性能

本文采用CdSe/Cd_xZn_(1-x)S核/合金壳量子点(QDs)作为荧光共振能量转移体系(FRET)的供体,通过巯基络合作用在其表面修饰一层L-半胱氨酸(Cys)分子,赋予QDs优异的水溶性能,再通过静电相互作用将罗丹明B(RhB)构筑于QDs-Cys表面,获得了一类新型的水溶性FRET体系.采用荧光光谱分析了pH以及供受体浓度比对FRET能量转移效率的影响.研究结果表明,通过静电结合构筑的QDs-Cys-RhB荧光共振能量转移体系对pH和供受体浓度具有敏感的荧光信号响应性能.当pH从10降到7时,FRET体系的荧光共振能量转移效率由49.39%增加到58.99%;当供受体浓度比为3:1时,FRET体系的能量转移效率高达61.09%.由此可见,通过表面络合与静电相互作用构筑的QDs-Cys-RhB荧光共振能量转移体系具有优异的光信号响应性,可以作为一类灵敏、精确的可调式比率型荧光探针,在生物检测、免疫分子等领域中具有广阔的应用前景.     

微乳液法制备水溶性双亲丙烯酰胺-苯乙烯嵌段共聚物

分别以十二烷基硫酸钠 (SDS)、壬基酚聚氧乙烯醚 (OP 10 )为表面活性剂 ,丙烯酰胺 (AM)的水溶液为连续相 ,苯乙烯 (St)为分散相 ,构成微乳液共聚合体系 ,合成了水溶性双亲嵌段共聚物 ,并通过荧光探针技术、差示扫描量热 (DSC)测试及流变性能的测定表征了共聚物的嵌段性结构 ,用红外光谱 (FTIR)及紫外光谱 (UV)分析了共聚物的化学组成     

温度/pH敏感性P(MAA-g-DEAM)共聚物水溶液的相行为

利用大分子单体技术通过自由基共聚法合成了由甲基丙烯酸(MAA)和N, N-二乙基丙烯酰胺(DEAM)组成的几种不同组成的P(MAA-g-DEAM)接枝共聚物.通过UV-Vis 透光率的测定和荧光探针技术, 对共聚物水溶液的相行为进行了研究. 研究表明, 此接枝共聚物具有相互独立的温度和pH 敏感性；几种组成不同的P(MAA-g-DEAM)接枝共聚物具有基本相同的低临界溶解温度(LCST)；它们的临界相变pH与接枝共聚物的组成有关, 温敏性PDEAM 枝链的接枝率越高, 其临界相变pH 越高. pH > 5.5 时, 接枝共聚物的主链是一种较为松散的线团构象；pH < 5.5 时, 接枝共聚物的主链是一种较为压缩的线团构象. 这种接枝共聚物高分子聚集体在新的纳米复合材料的合成方面有可能获得应用.     

N-乙烯基咔唑标记甲基丙烯酸-苊烯共聚物的荧光特性

合成了苊烯(ACE)含量依次为4.3、7.5、15.1及20.8 mol％的N 乙烯基咔唑(NVCz)标记甲基丙烯酸(MAA) 苊烯共聚物(PMAA ACE/NVCz）和ACE含量仅为0.5 mol％的ACE MAA共聚物（PMAA ACE）,研究了各共聚物在稀水溶液中的荧光行为和pH、表面活性剂等对共聚物荧光特性的影响.实验发现:在酸性介质中共聚物的压缩线团构象使激发态缔合物荧光相对增强,ACE到NVCz能量转移效率增加;碱性介质中共聚物构象相对松散,ACE到NVCz能量转移效率降低,因此荧光光谱中NVCz特征几乎消失.阴离子表面活性剂十二烷基磺酸钠(SDS),阳离子表面活性剂十六烷基三甲基溴化铵(AHTB)以及中性表面活性剂吐温80的引入使共聚物在酸性介质中的单体荧光特征增强,ACE到NVCz的能量转移效率下降;在碱性介质中引入AHTB部分中和了共聚物链上的负电荷,使共聚物构象重新卷曲,ACE到NVCz的能量转移效率提高,荧光光谱中NVCz特征重新出现,ACE单体荧光特征相应减少;在碱性介质中引入SDS以及吐温80对共聚物荧光光谱影响不大.     

嵌段共聚物OSM1-PCLA-PEG-PCLA-OSM1的合成及其pH和温度敏感性

采用开环聚合法和自由基聚合法合成了生物可降解嵌段共聚物OSM1-PCLA-PEG-PCLA-OSM1, 并对其进行了结构表征. 采用荧光分光光度计和激光粒度仪对共聚物溶液临界胶束浓度(CMC)和粒径大小及分布进行了考察, 研究了温度和pH对共聚物胶束形成的影响. 相转变过程研究结果表明, 共聚物溶液具有pH和温度双重敏感性. 共聚物溶液在一定温度和pH条件下可发生溶液-凝胶相转变.     

一种基于三苯胺类共轭聚合物荧光信号开启的汞离子检测方法

通过Suzuki反应合成出主链中含9,9-二(4-二苯胺基苯基)-3,6-芴的蓝光共轭聚合物—聚[2,7-(9,9-二辛基芴)-co-3,6-(9,9-二三苯胺基芴)] (36PFT).36PFT可特异地与I-相互作用,并淬灭36PFT的荧光.当I-的浓度为0.24 mmol/L时,36PFT的荧光淬灭程度可达95％,...     

Synthesis and Characterization of a Water‐Soluble Carboxylated Polyfluorene and Its Fluorescence Quenching by Cationic Quenchers and Proteins

We have developed a new intermediate monomer, 2,7‐[bis(4,4,5,5‐tetramethyl‐1,3,2‐dioxaborolan‐2‐yl)‐9,9‐bis(3‐(tert‐butyl propanoate))]fluorene, that allows the easy synthesis of water‐soluble carboxylated polyfluorenes. As an example, poly[9,9′‐bis(3′′‐propanoate)fluoren‐2,7‐yl] sodium salt was synthesized by the Suzuki coupling reaction, and the properties of the polymer were studied in aqueous solutions of different pH. Fluorescence quenching of the polymer by different cationic quenchers (MV²⁺, MV⁴⁺, and NO₂MV²⁺; MV=methyl viologen) was studied, and the quenching constants were found to be dependent on the charge and electron affinity of the quencher molecule and the pH of the medium. The largest quenching constant was observed to be 1.39×10⁸ M ^?1 for NO₂MV²⁺ at pH 7. The change in polymer fluorescence upon interaction with different proteins was also studied. Strong fluorescence quenching of the polymer was observed in the presence of cytochrome c, whereas weak quenching was observed in the presence of myoglobin and bovine serum albumin. Lysozyme quenched the polymer emission at low protein concentrations, and the quenching became saturated at high protein concentrations. Under similar experimental conditions, the polymer showed improved quenching efficiencies toward cationic quenchers and a more selective response to proteins relative to other carboxylated conjugated polymers.     

Effect of the introduction of an alcohol-soluble conjugated polyelectrolyte as cathode interlayer in solution-processed organic light-emitting diodes and photovoltaic devices

Interfacial engineering provides an important tool for optimizing the performances of optoelectronic devices. We show that poly[(2,7-(9,9′-dioctyl)fluorene)-alt-(2,7-(9,9′-bis(5″-trimethylammonium bromide)pentyl)fluorene)])], an alcohol-soluble π-conjugated polymer based on polyfluorene backbone and ammonium groups on the alkyl side chains, is capable of modifying the interface between the organic layer and the metal cathode in both organic solar cells and light-emitting diodes based on commercial materials and conventional architectures, improving their performances. The introduction of the cathode interlayer enhances the efficiency of a red-emitting phosphorescent OLED by 15% and decreases its turn-on voltage. The same polymer improves the power conversion efficiency of a PTB7/PC₇₁BM solar cell by 55% and shows a beneficial effect in terms of device stability.     

含苯并硒二唑聚咔唑/芴类共轭聚电解质及其前驱体的合成与性能研究

采用Suzuki偶合反应合成了一系列新型的咔唑、芴和2,1,3-苯并硒二唑的共聚物——聚[3,6-(N-(2-乙基己基))咔唑-2,1,3-苯并硒二唑-9,9-双(N,N-二甲基胺丙基)芴](PCzN-BSeD)及其相应的聚电解质衍生物——聚[3,6-(N-(2-乙基己基))咔唑-2,1,3-苯并硒二唑-9,9-(双(3′-(N,N-二甲基)-N-乙基铵)丙基)芴]二溴(PCzNBr-BSeD).在聚咔唑和芴中引入不同比例的2,1,3-苯并硒二唑(BSeD)单元,引起了由咔唑和芴链段向窄带隙苯并硒二唑(BSeD)单元有效的能量转移.通过对聚合物电致发光性能的研究,发现用聚(3,4-亚乙基二氧基噻吩)(PEDOT)或聚(3,4-亚乙基二氧基噻吩)/聚乙烯咔唑(PEDOT/PVK)作为空穴传输层时,器件的性能相差不大,表明咔唑的引入较明显的改善了聚合物的空穴注入性能.而且几乎所有的聚合物用高功函数铝作阴极的器件和用钡/铝作阴极的器件具有相近的发光性能,表明这类聚合物具有良好的电子注入性能.     

Fluorescein provides a resonance gate for FRET from conjugated polymers to DNA intercalated dyes

Fluorescence spectra show that excitation of the cationic water-soluble conjugated polymer poly[(1,4-phenylene)-2,7-[9,9-bis(6'-N,N,N-trimethylammonium)-hexyl]fluorene diiodide] (1) results in inefficient fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) to ethidium bromide (EB) intercalated within double-stranded DNA (dsDNA). When fluorescein (Fl) is attached to one terminus of the dsDNA, there is efficient FRET from 1 through Fl to EB. The cascading energy-transfer process was examined mechanistically via fluorescence decay kinetics and fluorescence anisotropy measurements. These experiments show that the proximity and conformational freedom of Fl provide a FRET gate to dyes intercalated within DNA which are optically amplified by the properties of the conjugated polymer. The overall process provides a substantial improvement over previous homogeneous conjugated polymer based DNA sensors, namely, in the form of improved selectivity.     

Synthesis and characterization of a poly[2,7-(9,9-dioctylfluorene-alt-2,7-fluorene/β-CD)] main chain polyrotaxane

Poly[2,7-(9,9-dioctylfluorene-alt-2,7-fluorene/β-CD)] main chain polyrotaxane was synthesized through organometallic Suzuki coupling by reacting β-cyclodextrin/2,7-dibromofluorene inclusion complex with 9,9-dioctylfluorene-2,7-bis(trimethyleneborate). The IR, NMR and elemental analysis data support the presence of β-cyclodextrin in the copolymer structure. No glass transition or melting phenomena were detected in DSC curves of the polyrotaxane on the heating run in the 50-250 ° range. As compared with the reference copolymer obtained in the absence of β-cyclodextrin, the rotaxane copolymer is more hygroscopic and soluble in polar/non-polar solvent mixtures. The expected modification of the optical properties of the fluorene copolymer with rotaxane architecture in the main chain was proved by fluorescence and UV-vis spectroscopy and consists in a blue-shifted emission.     

SYNTHESIS AND PROPERTIES OF POLY(AROMATIC DIACETYLENE)S CONTAINING FLUORENE

Novel fluorene-based poly(aromatic diacetylene)s have been synthesized by CuCl-catalyzed oxidative coupling of aromatic diynes.New aromatic diynes 2,7-diethynyl-9,9-bis(triphenylamine)fluorene(M_1)is synthesized by multistep reactions.The structures and properties of the polymers are characterized and evaluated by IR,NMR,TGA,UV, photoluminescence(PL),and cyclic voltammetry analyses.These polymers possess good thermal stability.All the polymers are completely soluble in coammon solvents such as toluene,TH...     

Synthesis of a highly luminescent three-dimensional pyrene dye based on the spirobifluorene skeleton

We have synthesized a highly luminescent (log e > 5.0, F > 0.9) pyrene dye based on a spirobifluorene skeleton [2,2',7,7'-tetrakis(7-tert-butyl-1-pyrenyl)-9,9'-spirobi[9H-fluorene; 4-PySBF]. The use of spirobifluorene prevents fluorescence quenching by intramolecular energy transfer and/or electron transfer among the chromophores in the excited state. The emission spectra of 4-PySBF exhibited a red shift of 20 nm in comparison to a model compound [9,9'-dioctyl-2,7-bis(7-tert-butyl-1-pyrenyl)-9H-fluorene; 2-PyF], but its UV-Vis spectrum remained unchanged.     

Perturbation of fluorescence by nonspecific interactions between anionic poly(phenylenevinylene)s and proteins: implications for biosensors

The use of anionic water-soluble conjugated polymers (CPs) for sensing the presence of avidin by use of a biotin-modified fluorescence quencher was studied. The molecules involved in the study included poly[2-methoxy-5-(3'-propyloxysulfonate)-1,4-phenylenevinylene] with either lithium (Li+-MPS-PPV) or sodium (Na(+)-MPS-PPV) countercations, the well-defined oligomer pentasodium 1,4-bis(4'(2",4"-bis(butoxysulfonate)-styryl)-styryl)2-butoxysulfonate-5-methoxybenzene (5R5-), the quenchers N-methyl-4,4'-pyridylpyridinium iodide (mMV+) and [N-(biotinoyl)-N'-(acetyl 4,4'-pyridylpyridinium iodide)] ethylenediamine (BPP+), which contains a molecular recognition fragment (biotin) attached to a unit that accepts an electron from a CP excited state, and the proteins avidin, tau, BSA, and pepsin A. Fluorescence quenching experiments were examined in a variety of conditions. Experiments carried out in water and in ammonium carbonate buffer (which ensures avidin/biotin complexation) reveal that nonspecific interactions between the CP and the proteins cause substantial perturbations on the CP fluorescence. The overall findings are not consistent with a simple mechanism whereby avidin complexation of BPP+ leads to encapsulation of the quencher molecule and recovery of Li+-MPS-PPV fluorescence. Instead, we propose that binding of BPP+ to avidin results in the quenching unit attaching to a positively charged macromolecule. Electrostatic attraction to the negatively charged conjugated polymer results in closer proximity to the quencher. Therefore, more enhanced fluorescence quenching is observed.     

Preparation and properties of polybenzimidazoles containing cardo groups

Several polybenzimidazoles containing cardo groups were prepared: A cardodicarboxylic acid, 9,9-bis(4-carboxyphenyl)fluorene, and two cardotetramines, 9,9-bis(3,4-diaminophenyl)fluorene and 9,9-bis(3,4-diaminophenyl)10-anthrone. The cardodicarboxylic acid was condensed with aromatic tetramines and the cardotetramines were condensed with aromatic dicarboxylic acids. Prior to polymer synthesis two model compounds, 9,9-bis[4,(2-benzimidazolyl)phenyl]fluorene and 2,2′-diphenyl-5,5′-(9,9-fluorenediyl)-bibenzimidazole were prepared and characterized by spectral methods. The polymers were obtained in 60–70% yield and showed reduced viscosity in the range of 0.7–1.1 dL/g. They were soluble in dimethyl formamide (DMF) and chlorinated solvents like tetrachlorethane. The thermal stabilities of these cardopolymers were superior to noncardopoly-benzimidazoles.