双二茂铁基吡咯衍生物电荷交互通道

以二茂铁炔烃为原料通过“一锅法”环加成反应合成了一系列2,5-双二茂铁基-1-苯基-吡咯衍生物, 包括: 2,5-双二茂铁基-1-(3-三氟甲基苯基)-吡咯(1), 2,5-双二茂铁基-1-(4-氟苯基)-吡咯(2), 2,5-双二茂铁基-1-苯基-吡咯(3), 2,5-双二茂铁基-1-(4-乙基苯基)-吡咯(4)和2,5-双二茂铁基-1-(4-乙氧基苯基)-吡咯(5), 使用元素分析, 傅里叶变换红外(FTIR)光谱, 质谱(MS)和核磁共振(NMR)等手段对化合物进行了结构表征. 采用循环伏安法(CV), 密度泛函理论(DFT)模拟计算研究了苯基上取代基对双二茂铁间电荷交互的影响. 研究发现第一氧化电位(E_a1), 峰电位差(ΔE)与取代基的哈米特常数(σ), 吡咯¹H NMR的化学位移(δ), 吡咯N原子自然轨道(NBO)电荷之间存在显著线性关联; 同时发现, N原子电荷密度升高, 双二茂铁间电荷交互能力减弱, N原子电荷密度降低, 双二茂铁间电荷交互能力提高. 因此这类双二茂铁基吡咯衍生物中N原子电荷密度对双二茂铁间电荷交互起着关键的影响作用.     

2-(ω-联苯基多亚甲基)-5-联苯基-1,3,4-(口恶)二唑的荧光光谱研究

本文测定了双荧光团化合物2-(ω-联苯基多亚甲基)-5-联苯基-1,3,4-噁二唑及其模型化合物2-甲基-5-联苯基-1,3,4-噁二唑和2,5-二联苯基-1,3,4-噁二唑的荧光光谱.对分子内、分子间激基缔合物和激基复合物的形成进行了研究,并对分子构型与形成分子内激基复合物之间关系作了初步探讨.从实验结果得到,亚甲基桥链的碳数为奇数时容易形成分子内激基复合物.     

对称4-枝和8-枝噁二唑衍生物的合成与荧光性质

采用Wittig-Horner和Heck反应合成了3个对称多枝[1,3,4]-噁二唑衍生物2,5-双{4-{4-[N,N-二(4-溴苯基)-氨基] 苯乙烯基}苯基}-1,3,4-噁二唑(BrPASPO), 2,5-双{4-{4-{N,N-二{4-{4-[5-(4-叔丁基苯基)-1,3,4-噁二唑基-2-]苯乙烯基}苯基}氨基}苯乙烯基}苯基}-1,3,4-噁二唑(TPASPO)和2,5-双{4-{4-{N,N-二{4-{3,5-二[5-(4-叔丁基苯基)-1,3,4-噁二唑基-2]-苯乙烯基}苯基}氨基}苯乙烯基}苯基}-1,3,4-噁二唑(OPASPO). 目标化合物的结构经过红外光谱、核磁共振氢谱、质谱和熔点确认. 在CH2Cl2溶液中三者的最大吸收波长分别在403 (BrPASPO), 408 (TPASPO)和409 nm (OPASPO), 荧光发射峰分别为495 (BrPASPO), 509 (TPASPO)和506 nm (OPASPO). 化合物TPASPO和OPASPO在CH2Cl2溶液中的荧光量子产率分别为0.47和0.45. 8枝化合物的荧光寿命高于4枝化合物. 对称多枝化合物具有很强的分子内电荷转移能力和荧光发射能力.     

电催化合成2,5-二取代1,3,4-噁二唑衍生物

1,3,4-噁二唑作为一种多杂原子的五元杂环类化合物,不仅具有抗炎、抗肌醇和抗惊厥等生物活性,而且是一种重要的有机合成中间体,对其进行合成研究具有重要意义.利用廉价易得的醛和酰肼作为原料,在电催化条件下,一步合成非对称的2,5-二取代1,3,4-噁二唑衍生物,收率良好.其结构经IR、~1H和~(13)CNMR、HRMS等进行了确证.该反应条件温和,原子经济性高,底物范围广,为构建1,3,4-噁二唑骨架提供了一种绿色、可持续的合成途径.     

2,4和8-支噁二唑衍生物的三光子吸收和三光子上转换荧光

用飞秒Ti:sapphire激光测定了3个对称噁二唑衍生物4-{N,N-双[4-(4-[5-(4-叔丁基苯基)-1,3,4-噁二唑-2]苯乙烯基)苯基]氨基}苯甲醛(Bis-oxa)、2,5-双{4-[2-N,N-双(4-{4-[5-(4-叔丁基苯基)-1,3,4-噁二唑-2]苯乙烯基}苯基)氨基苯乙烯基]苯基}-1,3,4-噁二唑(Quadri-oxa)和2,5-双(4-{2-N,N-双[({3,5-二[5-(4-叔丁基苯基)-1,3,4-噁二唑-2]苯基}乙烯基)苯基]氨基苯乙烯基}苯基)-1,3,4-噁二唑(Octu-oxa)的三光子吸收谱和三光子荧光光谱. 在1260 nm飞秒激光激发下, 2,4和8-支噁二唑衍生物的三光子吸收系数分别为5.0×10^-5, 10.0×10^-5和10.0×10^-5 cm³/GW², 三光子频率上转换荧光发射波长分别为533, 544和551 nm. 研究了多支化合物线性吸收和透过、单光子荧光及量子产率、荧光寿命、多光子荧光光谱和三光子吸收系数谱. 对称多支噁二唑衍生物具有很强的三光子吸收和上转换荧光性质.     

2,5-取代-1,3,4-噁二唑衍生物的合成与杀菌活性

利用生物活性亚结构拼接原理,将吡啶环、噻唑环引入到1,3,4-噁二唑母体结构中,设计并合成了一系列新型含吡啶(噻唑)的1,3,4-噁二唑衍生物.通过IR,1H NMR,EI-MS及元素分析等方法对所合成的化合物进行了结构表征.代表化合物2-(6-氯吡啶-3-甲硫基)-5-(吡啶-4-基)-1,3,4-噁二唑(I)经单晶X衍射证实了结构.初步测定了所合成化合物的杀菌活性,并比较了在1,3,4-噁二唑母体结构中引入噻唑杂环和引入吡啶杂环后其杀菌活性的差异.结果表明:目标化合物对测试的5种菌均具有一定的杀菌活性,对水稻纹枯病的抑制效果普遍优于对其它菌种的抑制效果;在1,3,4-噁二唑母体结构中引入噻唑杂环比引入吡啶杂环对其杀菌活性更有利.     

含苯并三唑色酮及1,3,4-噁二唑啉类化合物的合成

研究了一种简便的合成2位含氮杂环色酮类化合物的方法。1H-苯并三唑与ClCH~2COOH反应制得1H-苯并三唑-1-乙酸(1),以此为原料合成了一系列2位含1H-苯并三唑-1-甲基色酮(5)和相关的1,3,4-噁二唑衍生物(8)。     

2-(ω-联苯基多亚甲基)-5-联苯基噁唑-1,3和2-(ω-联苯基多亚甲基)-5-联苯基噁二唑-1,3,4的合成

继2,6-二取代苯并二噁唑、2,5-二取代噁唑和2,5-二取代噁二唑及1,4-二(苯并噁唑-1,3基-2)苯等系列化合物合成及光性能研究后,又合成了双荧光发色团化合物2-(ω-联苯基多亚甲基)-5-联苯基噁唑-1,3和2-(ω-联苯基多亚甲基)-5-联苯基噁二唑-1,3,4共七种化合物。     

含苯并三唑色酮及1,3,4-噁二唑啉类化合物的合成

研究了一种简便的合成2位含氮杂环色酮类化合物的方法。1H-苯并三唑与ClCH_2COOH反应制得1H-苯并三唑-1-乙酸(1),以此为原料合成了一系列2位合1H-苯并三唑-1-甲基色酮(5)和相关的1,3,4-噁二唑啉衍生物(8)。     

2-(ω-联苯基多亚甲基)-5-联苯基-1,3,4-二唑的荧光光谱研究

本文测定了双荧光团化合物2-(ω-联苯基多亚甲基)-5-联苯基-1,3,4-二唑及其模型化合物2-甲基-5-联苯基-1,3,4-二唑和2,5-二联苯基-1,3,4-二唑的荧光光谱.对分子内,分子间激基缔合物和激基复合物的形成进行了研究,并对分子构型与形成分子内激基复合物之间关系作了初步探讨.从实验结果得到,亚甲基桥链的碳数为奇数时容易形成分子内激基复合物.     

Synthesis and molecular structure of 5-(1-aminoisoindolenin-3-ylidene-amino)-1,3,4-thiadiazole-2(3H)-thione

The structure of 5-(1-aminoisoindolenin-3-ylideneamino)-1,3,4-thiadiazole-2(3H)-thione was studied by X-ray diffraction analysis and UV and IR spectroscopy. In the crystal, the molecule of the title compound is planar in spite of the substantially shortened intramolecular N…S contact. The factors that determine the structure of the heterocycle, namely, the nature of the N…S interaction, conjugation effects, and the tautomerism, were analyzed based on quantum-chemical calculations performed by the AM1 method.     

Insights into the free-energy dependence of intramolecular dissociative electron transfers

To study the relationship between rate and driving force of intramolecular dissociative electron transfers, a series of donor-spacer-acceptor (D-Sp-A) systems has been devised and synthesized. cis-1,4-Cyclohexanedyil and a perester functional group were kept constant as the spacer and acceptor, respectively. By changing the aryl substituents of the phthalimide moiety, which served as the donor, the driving force could be varied by 0.74 eV. X-ray diffraction crystallography and ab initio conformational calculations pointed to D-Sp-A molecules having the cis-(cyclohexane) equatorial(phthalimido)-axial(perester) conformation and the same D/A orientation. The intramolecular dissociative electron-transfer process was studied by electrochemical means in N,N-dimethylformamide, in comparison with thermodynamic and kinetic information obtained with models of the acceptor and the donor. The intramolecular process consists of the electron transfer from the electrochemically generated phthalimide-moiety radical anion to the peroxide functional group. The electrochemical analysis provided clear evidence of a concerted dissociative electron-transfer mechanism, leading to the cleavage of the O-O bond. Support for this mechanism was obtained by ab initio MO calculations, which provided information about the LUMO of the acceptor and the SOMO of the donor. The intramolecular rate constants were determined and compared with the corresponding intermolecular values, the latter data being obtained by using the model molecules. As long as the effective location of the centroid of the donor SOMO does not vary significantly by changing the aryl substituent(s), the intramolecular dissociative electron transfer obeys the same main rules already highlighted for the corresponding intermolecular process. On the other hand, introduction of a nitro group drags the SOMO away from the acceptor, and consequently, the intramolecular rate drops by as much as 1.6 orders of magnitude from the expected value. Therefore, a larger solvent reorganization than for intermolecular electron transfers and the effective D/A distance and thus electronic coupling must be taken into account for quantitative predictions of intramolecular rates.     

Uracyl derivatives functionalized with N-, S-, O-heterocycles

Reactions of 1,3-bis(bromopentyl)-5(6)-substituted uracyls with a series of five-membered heterocycles containing in the ring N, S, or O atoms and a mercapto group as a substituent at the carbon atom of the ring afforded uracyl derivatives of acyclic and macrocyclic structure with 2-thiobenzoxazole, 2-thio-5-methyl-1,3,4-thiadiazole, 2-thiobenzimidazole, and 2,5-dithio-1,3,4-thiadiazole fragments. N atoms of benzoxazole and imidazole fragments of compounds obtained undergo alkylation and quaternization with alkyl iodides and alkyl tosylates.     

2,2-dimethyl-5-(5-r-furfurylidene)-1,3-dioxane4,6 diones 7. Synthesis,structure, and properties of 2,2dimethyl-5-(3-furfuryldiene and 3-thienylidene)-1,3dioxane-4,6-diones

The corresponding 3 furfurylidene(thienylidene)-dioxanediones were obtained by the reaction of 2,5-R,Rfuran(thiophen)-3-carbaldehydes with Meldrum's acid. It was shown by x-ray crystallographic analysis that they have the s-trans disposition at the C₍₂₎=C₍₃₎ bond of the five-membered heterocycle and an exocyclic multiple bond. The character of the conjunction in their molecules was considered in the light of data of x-ray crystallographic analysis, electronic spectra, and NMR. The corresponding 3-furfuryl(thienyl)]dioxanediones were obtained by the selective ionic hydrogenation of the exocyclic double bond.For part 6 see [1]Kuban State Technological University, Krasnodar 350072. Translated from Khimiya Geterotsiklicheskikh Soedinenii, No. 7, pp. 899–905, July, 1995. Original article submitted October 25, 1994; revision submitted June 5, 1995.     

Synthesis and spectral-luminescence properties of stilbene derivatives with two unconjugated fluorophores

Compounds that contain 2,5-diphenyloxazole and 2,5-diphenyl-1,3,4-oxadiazole fluorophore groupings that are not conjugated with one another were obtained by the phosphonate modification of the Wittig reaction from 2-[4 (3)-bromomethylphenyl]-5-(2-tosylaminophenyl)-1,3,4-oxadiazoles and 2-phenyl-5-[4(3)-formylphenyl]-1,3-oxazoles. The absorption and fluorescence spectra of the compounds obtained and the individual fluorophores that constitute the molecules of these compounds were investigated. Intramolecular nonradiating transfer of the electronic excitation energy between the fluorophores that make up the compounds and in binary mixtures of the corresponding luminophores was observed in solutions and in polymeric matrices.Translated from Khimiya Geterotsiklicheskikh Soedinenii, No. 9, pp. 1188–1191, September, 1982.     

Intramolecular hypervalent interaction in the conjugate five-membered rings

The intramolecular hypervalent interaction between the electron abundant atomic centers X and Y belonging to the IV-VI groups and second and fourth periods has been computationally studied on a model quasi-cyclic conjugate five-membered ring system 9 using the CCSD/6-311+G** and DFT B3LYP/6-311+G** methods. Electronic and structural factors affecting the strength and geometrical characteristics of the hypervalent X←Y interaction were analyzed based on the quantum theory of atoms in molecules (QTAIM) and natural bond orbital (NBO) analyses. The donor-acceptor n(Y)→σ*(XR) interaction has been shown to be the central factor correlating all important properties of the studied hypervalently bonded compounds 9.     

Corrosion inhibition and performance evaluation on 2,5‐diaryl‐1,3,4‐thiadiazole and its derivatives

Using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and scanning electronic microscopy (SEM), this paper evaluated the inhibition effect of four 2,5‐diaryl‐1,3,4‐thiadiazole and its derivatives named 2,5‐diphenly‐1,3,4‐thiadiazole (DPTD), 2,5‐di(2‐hydroxyphenly)‐1,3,4‐thiadiazole (2‐DHPTD), 2,5‐di(3‐hydroxyphenly)‐1,3,4‐thiadiazole (3‐DHPTD), and 2,5‐di(4‐hydroxyphenly)‐1,3,4‐thiadiazole (4‐DHPTD) on silver strip corrosion in 50 mg/l sulfur–ethanol solution under room temperature. The experiments indicated that the inhibition efficiency increased with increasing inhibitor concentrations, and the increasing order was (4‐DHPDT) > (3‐DHPDT) > (2‐DHPDT) > (DPDT). Quantum chemical calculation was applied to correlate inhibition performances with their electronic structural parameters of thiadiazole derivatives. Molecular dynamics simulations (DFT) were used to optimize the equilibrium configurations of the inhibitor molecules on the silver surface and to investigate the molecular structure effect on the corrosion inhibition efficiency. The efficiency order of the investigated inhibitors, which was obtained by experimental results, was verified by theoretical calculations. Contact angle (CA) analysis was also carried out, and finally confirmed the existence of the adsorbed film which prevailed in addition of thiadiazole derivatives. CA analysis indicated that the film of n‐DHPTD (n = 2,3,4) was hydrophilic, owing to two hydroxyl groups in their molecular. The adsorption of these compounds onto silver strip from 50 mg/l S‐ethanol system obeys Langmuir adsorption isotherm, and it belongs to mixed‐type adsorption mainly dominated by chemisorption. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

5‐Mercapto‐1,3,4‐thiadiazole‐2(3H)‐thione: Synthesis and Structure of Alkylated Derivatives

The observed structure of 1,3,4‐thiadiazolidine‐2,5‐dithione (also known as 2,5‐dimercapto‐1,3,4‐thiadiazole) has been previously reported in three different tautomeric forms including —dithiol and—dithione. This report examines the relative stability of each form and also reports synthesis and characterization of the structures of mono‐alkylated and di‐alkylated forms of 5‐mercapto‐1,3,4‐thiadiazole‐2(3H)‐thione. The methods of X‐ray crystallography, NMR spectroscopy, and ab initio electronic structure calculations were combined to understand the reactivity and structure of each compound.     

Reactions of Diferrocenylmorpholino- and -Methylsulfanyl-cyclopropenylium Salts with β-Dicarbonyl Compounds and Diethyl Malonate

2,3-Diferrocenyl-1-morpholinocyclopropenylium tetrafluoroborate reacts with ethyl acetoacetate, ethyl benzoylacetate, and diethyl malonate in the presence of triethylamine to yield 3-[acyl(ethoxycarbonyl)]-, 3-(diethoxycarbonyl)-methyl-3-morpholino-1,2-diferrocenylcyclopropenes (3a–c), and 3-[acyl(ethoxycarbonyl)]- and (diethoxycarbonyl)-methylidene-1,2-diferrocenylcyclopropenes (4a–c) in a ca. 1:1.5 ratio. 2,3-Diferrocenyl-1-methylsulfanylcyclopropenylium iodide with the same substrates affords compounds 4a,b (～10–15%), 3-[acyl(ethoxycarbonyl)]methyl-3-methylsulfanyl-1,2-diferrocenylcyclopropenes (5a,b) (～8–10%), 2-acyl-3,4-diferrocenyl-5-methylsulfanylcyclopentadienones (6a,b), ethyl 2-acyl-3,4-diferrocenyl-5-methylsulfanylpenta-2,4-dienoates (7a,b; 8a,b), and ethyl 3,4-diferrocenyl-2-methylsulfanyl-6-oxohexa(hepta)-2,4-dienoates (9a,b). The spatial structure of ethyl Z,E-3,4-diferrocenyl-2-methylsulfanyl-6-oxohepta-2,4-dienoate (9b) was established based on the data from x-ray diffraction analysis. Electrochemical properties of 3-[acyl(ethoxycarbonyl)]- and (diethoxycarbonyl)-methylidene-1,2-diferrocenylcyclopropenes (4a–c) are studied.