四酸消解-电感耦合等离子体质谱法测定土壤中24种稀有元素的含量

建立了四酸消解-电感耦合等离子体质谱法测定土壤中铕(~(153)Eu)等24种稀有元素含量的分析方法。讨论了酸消解体系和消解过程对测定稀有元素存在的干扰,通过选择合适的待测同位素以及编辑干扰元素校正方程校正质谱干扰,采用嵌片技术和碰撞模式去除物理干扰和基体干扰;建立"主要干扰权重"概念,对内标元素进行分析筛选,最终确定~(185) Re、~(193)Ir作为内标元素。24种稀有元素标准曲线的线性相关系数均大于0.999,方法检出限为0.001～2.9mg·kg~(-1)。用3种土壤标准物质GSS-8、GSS-13、GSS-27进行精密度和准确度试验,相对标准偏差(n=6)为0.80%～19%,加标回收率为75.0%～128%,各元素的测定值均在认定值范围内。该方法适合在国家网土壤环境质量调查及其他相关工作和研究中推广和使用。     

电热消解-电感耦合等离子体质谱(ICP-MS)法测定土壤中镱铪钽钨四种高能稀土元素

镱(172 Yb)、铪(178 Hf)、钽(181 Ta)、钨(182 W)四种稀土元素质量数均高于170,第一电离能分别为601、656、759、767 kJ/mol,高于平均电离能486 kJ/mol,属于难电离元素,且在土壤中含量较低。通过选择合适的消解体系,采用碰撞模式去除多原子离子干扰,选择193 Ir内标校正基体干扰,建立了电热消解-电感耦合等离子体质谱法测定土壤中镱铪钽钨四种高能稀土元素的方法。4种元素校准曲线的线性均大于0.999,检出限在0.05~0.5μg/g,用土壤标准物质GSS-8、GSS-13进行验证,平均相对标准偏差(RSD)在3.2%~12.4%,加标回收率为88%~115%,各元素的测定值与标准值吻合。     

电热消解-电感耦合等离子体质谱(ICP-MS)法测定土壤中镱铪钽钨四种高能稀土元素

镱(172 Yb)、铪(178 Hf)、钽(181 Ta)、钨(182 W)四种稀土元素质量数均高于170,第一电离能分别为601、656、759、767kJ/mol,高于平均电离能486kJ/mol,属于难电离元素,且在土壤中含量较低。通过选择合适的消解体系,采用碰撞模式去除多原子离子干扰,选择193Ir内标校正基体干扰,建立了电热消解-电感耦合等离子体质谱法测定土壤中镱铪钽钨四种高能稀土元素的方法。4种元素校准曲线的线性均大于0.999,检出限在0.05～0.5μg/g,用土壤标准物质GSS-8、GSS-13进行验证,平均相对标准偏差(RSD)在3.2%～12.4%,加标回收率为88%～115%,各元素的测定值与标准值吻合。     

微波消解-电感耦合等离子体光谱仪测定环境土壤中镧铈铷锶四种元素的研究

基于HNO3-HF-HCl酸消解体系,建立微波消解-电感耦合等离子体发射光谱仪测定环境土壤中镧铈铷锶四种元素的方法。利用恒定的氩气流作内标校正土壤基体干扰,采用径向观测模式,利用多重谱线拟合技术(MSF)校正光谱干扰,提升本方法的检出限和精密度。结果表明：该方法校准曲线r>0.999,检出限在1.5~7.0 μg/g,RSD在0.9%~5.7%之间,加标回收率83.0%~117%,该方法用GSS-8、GSS-13标准样品验证,效果良好。     

全自动消解电感耦合等离子体质谱仪测定环境土壤中铍钡铊银

采用HNO3-HF-HCl O_4消解体系,利用全自动消解仪优化的程序消解土样,电感耦合等离子体质谱仪(ICP-MS)碰撞气流速3.0~4.0 mL/min,以7Li,~(103)Rh,~(209)Bi作为内标,通过编辑干扰元素校正方程校正质谱干扰,建立全自动消解电感耦合等离子体质谱仪测定土壤中铍、钡、铊、银4种元素的新方法。结果表明:铍、钡、铊、银校准曲线r0.999,方法检出限在0.005~0.1μg/g之间,RSD为0.19%~2.0%,加标回收率在100.0%~109.2%,该方法用GSS-13和GSS-10标准样品验证,相对误差-3.8%~1.7%,与标准值吻合。采用实验方法对松花江河岸土壤中4种元素进行测定,并用电感耦合等离子体发射光谱法(ICP-AES)进行仪器比对,结果基本一致。     

微波消解-电感耦合等离子体质谱(ICP-MS)法测定土壤七种金属元素

实验室比对盲样测定是检验实验室能力验证、实验室资质认定、机构考核的主要手段。为研究并解决测试实验室比对土壤盲样中铍、钒、镍、铜、锌、镉、铅的含量,采用微波消解电感耦合等离子体质谱(ICP-MS)法对土壤盲样进行研究,探讨了不同消解酸体系,检出限和定量限、测试模式和干扰消除、精密度和加标回收率、质控样品进行研究。结果表明：用6 mL HNO3,2 mL HCl和1 mL HF为混合酸体系,各待测元素标准曲线相关系数大于0.9995,检出限在0.001~2.985 mg.L-1^,定量限在0.003~9.94 mg.L-1^,采用氦气碰撞模式测试钒、镍、铜、锌、镉和铅,可以有效的降低多原子离子的干扰;采用no gas模式测试铍,可以有效的提高铍的测试灵敏度。方法精密度为0.2%~6.2%(n=6),加标回收率为92.3%~110.6%,采用土壤标准样品(GSS-4)进行全过程质控研究分析,各元素结果均在标准值参考范围内。用ICP-OES法测试土壤盲样中七种待测金属元素含量与用铑为内标的ICP-MS进行比对,测量分析结果基本一致。     

电感耦合等离子体质谱法测定砷滤饼中的铼

砷滤饼样品在硝酸-过氧化氢混合液中微波消解,采用电感耦合等离子体质谱法测定样品溶液中铼的含量。185 Re作为测量同位素,以~(193)Ir为内标物。铼的线性范围为50μg·L~(-1)以内,方法的检出限(3s)为0.037μg·L~(-1)。方法的加标回收率在96.0%~102%之间,测定值的相对标准偏差(n=11)在2.0%~3.8%之间。     

电感耦合等离子体质谱法测定铝钪合金中的稀土元素

通过酸溶快速分解铝钪合金,电感耦合等离子体质谱法(ICP-MS)测定铝钪合金中的La,Ce,Pr,Nd,Sm,Y,Eu,Gd,Tb,Dy,Ho,Er,Tm,Yb,Lu 15种稀土元素。对样品的前处理方式,仪器的工作条件,内标浓度等条件进行了考察。以103Rh,185Re作为内标校正铝的基体效应,考察了稀土元素的质谱干扰。在优化条件下各个元素的方法检出限为0.01~0.07μg/g,通过加标回收试验测得15个元素的回收率为96%~124%,相对标准偏差为0.74%~7.5%。     

微波消解 电感耦合等离子体质谱（ICP-MS）法测定土壤改良剂矸石骨料中植物所缺必需微量元素

本方法通过微波消解方式及HF:HClO3:HNO3混酸体系,建立电感耦合等离子体质谱法(ICP-MS)测定土壤改良剂矸石骨料中植物所缺必需微量元素(Cu 、Co、Zn、Mn)的方法。采用钪(⁴⁵Sc)为内标元素和统一高盐基体的外标标准曲线进行信号漂移的抑制以及基体干扰的消除,同时选择丰度大的⁶³Cu、⁵⁹Co、⁶⁴Zn和⁵⁵Mn同位素元素进行测试,通过测定国家标准物质和国标方法对比的方式验证方法的准确性。Cu、Co、Zn和Mn在0.1-100纳克/毫升范围内,校准曲线的线性相关系数均大于0.9999,分析方法检出限均小于0.292微克/克。将方法用于实际样品分析,相对标准偏差(n=11)不高于2.92%,加标回收率在96%~103.57%范围内。     

微波消解-电感耦合等离子体发射光谱（ICP-OES）法测定环境土壤中镧、铈、铷、锶

基于HNO_3-HF-HCl酸消解体系,建立微波消解-电感耦合等离子体发射光谱(ICP-OES)法测定环境土壤中镧、铈、铷、锶4种元素的方法。利用恒定的氩气流作内标校正土壤基体干扰,采用径向观测+多重谱线拟合技术(MSF)校正光谱干扰,提升方法的检出限和精密度。结果表明,方法校准曲线r0.999,检出限在1.5～7.0μg/g,RSD在0.90%～5.7%,加标回收率83.0%～117%,用GSS-8、GSS-13标准样品验证,效果良好。     

α-Amino acid derived enaminones and their application in the synthesis of N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates and other heterocycles

A new and simple synthesis of novel N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates, which exist in equilibrium with their 4-oxo tautomers, has been developed in two steps starting from N-protected α-amino acids. The key intermediates are enaminones, which can also be isolated, characterized, and used for the construction of other functionalized heterocycles, before they spontaneously decompose to pyrrole products. 4-Hydroxypyrroles are prone to partial aerial oxidation but can be efficiently alkylated or reduced to stable polysubstituted pyrrolidine derivatives.     

Specific intramolecular aromatic CH insertion of diazosulfonamides

The chemoselectivity in the intramolecular CH insertion of various diazosulfonamides has been experimentally studied. The results reveal that the aliphatic 1,4-, 1,5-, or 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions of diazosulfonamides are not accessible, while the aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion can be realized specifically by adjusting the diazo-adjacent group. In addition, the general chemoselectivities in the intramolecular CH insertions of diazosulfonyl compounds are summarized. Generally, diazosulfones undergo both aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H and aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions, while diazosulfonates undergo aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions. However, diazosulfonamides only undergo aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion.     

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes: synthesis,characterization and their applications in the C-N coupling and α-arylation of ketones using aryl chlorides

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes 3 were successfully achieved in a one-pot procedure under mild conditions. The structure of 3a was unambiguously confirmed by X-ray single crystal diffraction and it was an active catalyst in the Buchwald-Hartwig amination and α-arylation of ketones even at very low catalyst loadings (0.01?mol%).     

Iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction using terminal alkyne as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines and fused-nitrogen heterocycles

An efficient iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction in dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO) using terminal alkynes as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of aryl (9H-pyrido[3,4-b]indol-1-yl)methanones is described. The scope of the protocol includes the total synthesis of Fascaplysin, Eudistomins Y₁ and Y₂. The methodology is extended for preparing pyrrolo[1,2-a]-quinoxaline and indolo[1,5-a]quinoxaline derivatives. The utility of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines was demonstrated by performing palladium-catalyzed β-carboline directed ortho-C(sp2)-H functionalization of the phenyl ring with thiomethyl (SMe) group using DMSO as source and for accessing 4-aryl-canthin-6-ones.     

Facile synthesis of bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-ones

In this Letter, we described a facile method for constructing fused bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-one ring system. We employed various methylene-containing carboxylic acids as the substrates and proved that the pyrazolone ring closure requires activated methylene group in intermediate II. Accordingly, a series of structurally diversified, fused bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-ones was prepared in moderate to high yields using the requisite substrates.     

A carbanion induced synthesis of highly congested pyrazole and imidazole containing heterocycles

An efficient approach to the synthesis of highly congested di, penta and hexacyclic pyrazoles as well as imidazole fragment containing novel heterocyclic molecule has been developed through a carbanion induced transformation of suitably functionalized 2H-pyran-2-ones, benzo[h]chromene and thiochromeno[4,3-b]pyrans. Due to the presence of fluorescence, we report their prime application metal sensor as off/on switching in ferric ions.     

Synthesis of pyrrolo[1,2-a]pyrazines and pyrazino[1,2-a]indoles by Curtius reaction in Morita-Baylis-Hillman derivatives

Synthesis of substituted pyrrolo[1,2-a]pyrazines and pyrazino[1,2-a]indoles from the Morita-Baylis-Hillman derivatives of acrylates via saponification followed by Curtius reaction is described.     

正丁胺对激光染料荧光谱影响的研究

用正丁胺作为碳源,采用射频辉光放电制备碳膜,选用激光染料R6G和聚乙二醇混合液作为蒸气源,采用单源热蒸发,在蒸发室与染料同时沉积得到混合膜,用拉曼光谱和红外光谱分析了碳膜的结构和键合方式,分析表明:碳膜中存在胺基团和氢原子.混合膜的荧光谱测量结果表明,认为正丁胺对染料荧光谱的影响是因为胺基和氢原子的存在.     

Selective synthesis of 4,5-dihydroimidazo- and imidazo[1,5-a]quinoxalines via modified Pictet–Spengler reaction

An efficient tandem approach for the selective synthesis of 4,5-dihydroimidazo[1,5-a]quinoxalines 6a–g and imidazo[1,5-a]quinoxalines 7a–h by the reaction of 2-imidazolyl anilines 4a–c with aryl aldehydes 5a–k under mild reaction conditions is described. Introduction of electron releasing alkyl groups in substrates 4a–b was found to be instrumental for the success of the reaction.     

Understanding the Diels-Alder reactivity of 1,2-azaborine analogues

The Diels-Alder reactivity of 1,2-heteroborines (H₄C₄B(H)X, X?=?NH, PH, AsH; O, S, Se) has been computationally explored by means of Density Functional Theory (DFT) calculations. The influence of the HB?=?X fragment on the reactivity of the system has been quantitatively analyzed in detail by means of the so-called Activation Strain Model (ASM) of reactivity. It is found that the interaction between these species and the dienophile is significantly stronger than that computed for their all-carbon isoelectronic counterpart, benzene. In addition, the strain energy plays a key role in the observed reactivity trends. The role of the aromaticity strength of these heteroarenes on the reactivity is also assessed.