Natural radioactivity measurements in the granite rock of quarry sites,Johor, Malaysia

This study was conducted to determine the concentration of natural radionuclides in the granite rocks of selected quarry sites in Johor state, Malaysia and their possible radiological effects. The activity concentrations of ²³⁸U, ²³²Th and ⁴⁰K in the areas of study indicated varying values of ²³⁸U, ²³²Th and ⁴⁰K. The highest values of ²³⁸U and ²³²Th concentrations (67±1 and 85±2 Bq kg^?1, respectively) were observed at Kamad Quarry (IJM), whereas the highest value of ⁴⁰K concentration (722±18 Bq kg^?1) was detected in Kim Seng Quarry, while the values of activity concentration are lower in Hanson Quarry Products (Kulai) (25±0.5 for ²³⁸U, 24±0.5 for ²³²Th and 429±11 for ⁴⁰K). Overall, ⁴⁰K has the highest concentration in the granite rocks of the quarry sites, followed by ²³²Th and the least for ²³⁸U. The radium equivalent activity concentration was found in the range between 94 and 239 Bq kg^?1, the absorbed dose rate was found to be in the range between 47 and 112 nGy h^?1, and effective dose ranged from 58 to 137 μSv h^?1. Moreover, the internal and external hazard index values were given in results lower than unity.     

Bestimmung von Calcium, Magnesium, Strontium, Kalium, Natrium, Lithium, Eisen, Mangan, Chrom, Nickel, Kupfer, Cobalt, Zink und Cadmium

Zusammenfassung Für 14 Elemente wird eine universelle Methode beschrieben. Durch Zusatz von Lanthan und Cäsium werden die physikalischen, chemischen und Ionisations-Störungen in der Flammen-AAS ausgeschaltet. Es wird gezeigt, daß diese Methode für sehr unterschiedliche Stoffe mit Erfolg angewendet werden kann, und gleichzeitig die Genauigkeit des Routinemeßverfahrens nicht beeinträchtigt wird. Nur in Ausnahmefällen muß die Additionsmethode benutzt werden.

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Determination of calcium, magnesium, strontium, potassium, sodium, lithium, iron, manganese, chromium, nickel, copper, cobalt, zinc and cadmium by flame AASA universal method for the analysis of waters, coals, ashes, ores, rocks, building materials, metals and similar samples

Summary A universal method is described for 14 elements. By addition of lanthanum and caesium the physical, chemical and ionization interferences in the flame AAS are eliminated. It is demonstrated that this method can be applied successfully for very different materials and simultaneously the precision of the standard measuring method is not affected. Only in exceptional cases the addition method has to be applied.

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Herrn Prof. Dr. W. Schuhknecht, dem langjährigen Leiter des Zentrallabors der Saarbergwerke AG (1948–1972) zum Gedenken

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Für die sorgfältige Durchführung von Säure- und Schmelzaufschlüssen sowie seine nützlichen Hinweise bei der Korrektur des Manuskriptes möchte ich Herrn Lothar Kiefer meinen besonderen Dank aussprechen.     

Sulfat-, Hydrogensulfat-, Pyrosulfat-, Peroxydisulfat-, Thiosulfat-, Dithionat-, Trithionat-, Tetrathionat- und Pentathionationen

Ohne Zusammenfassung     

SYNTHESIS AND CRYSTAL STRUCTURE OF 5, 10, 15, 20, 22, 24-HEXAHYDRO-5, 5, 10, 10, 15, 15, 20, 20-OCTAMETHYL-PORPHINE

<正> The title com pound (HHOMP) has been synthesized with the pho-toinduced condensation of acetone and pyrrole in the presence of iodoaromatic hydrocarbons, and its molecular and crystal structures have been determined by X-ray analysis. C28H36N4, Mr = 428. 63, triclinic; space group P1; a =10. 165(3), b = 10. 185(2), c=13. 012(3)(?); α=85. 41(2), β=67. 84(2), γ= 89. 75(2)°; V = 1243 (?)3; Z = 2; D = 1. 145g. cm-3; μ= 0. 635cm-1; F (000) = 464. Although the HHOMP molecule twists, it is found that the four nitrogen atoms are still in a plane.     

Eine chemisch-spektroskopische Methode zur Bestimmung von Spurenverunreinigungen an Cu, Fe, Ga, Mo, In, Bi, M, Cr, Ti, Ag, Pb, Cd, Y, Sn, Al, Sb, Mn und Co in Caesium- und Rubidiumarsenaten

Ohne Zusammenfassung     

1.1 Grundkgen, Methoden, Apparate, Reagentien, Automation, Datenverarbeitung

Ohne Zusammenfassung     

Optimization of parameters for semiempirical methods. III Extension of PM3 to Be,Mg, Zn,Ga, Ge,As, Se,Cd, In,Sn, Sb,Te, Hg,Tl, Pb,and Bi

Using a recently developed procedure for optimizing parameters for semiempirical methods,¹ PM3 has been extended to a total of 28 elements. Average ΔH_f errors for the newly parameterized elements are Be: 8.6, Mg: 8.4, Zn: 5.8, Ga: 14.9, Ge: 11.4, As: 8.5, Se: 11.1, Cd: 2.6, In: 11.3, Sn: 9.0, Sb: 13.7, Te: 11.3, Hg: 6.8, Tl: 6.5, Pb: 7.4, and Bi: 10.9 kcal/mol. For some elements the paucity of data has resulted in a method, which, while highly accurate, is likely to be only poorly predictive.