荧光光度法测定槐花中槲皮素

研究了基于槲皮素和铝的络合反应来测定槲皮素的荧光光度法,试验结果表明:铝与槲皮素的配合物在pH 9.15的BR缓冲溶液中进一步与BO3-3形成三元体系,在452 nm激发波长下,于516 nm发射波长处测定其荧光强度,槲皮素浓度在1.0×10-7～6.0×10-6mol·L-1范围内配合物的荧光强度与槲皮素的浓度呈线性关系,检出限(3S/N)为2.1×10-7mol·L-1.该方法用于槐花提取物中槲皮素的测定,并以实样为基体用标准加入法做了回收试验,测得回收率在101.5%～112.5%之间.     

姜黄素-La3+-CTMAB-核酸体系的荧光增强效应及其应用

研究了镧离子(La3+)-姜黄素(CU)-十六烷基三甲基溴化铵(CTMAB)-核酸荧光增强体系.建立了测定核酸的新方法.体系的最优条件为:六次甲基四胺(HMTA)-HCl缓冲溶液(pH 5.80)中,1.00× 10-3 mol/L阳离子表面活性剂CTMAB存在下,姜黄素浓度为2.00×10-5 mol/L,La3+的浓度为1.40×10-4 mol/L时,核酸能增强La3+ -CU络合物的荧光强度,而且体系荧光的增强程度与核酸的加入量在一定范围内呈线性关系.fsDNA,ctDNA和yRNA线性范围分别为7.00×10-4～10.00 mg/L,4.00×10-4～10.00 mg/L和7.00×10-4～10.00 mg/L;检出限分别为0.17,0.02和0.14 μg/L.与已报道的核酸的分析方法相比,本方法具有较宽的线性范围和较高的灵敏度.研究表明,核酸对体系荧光的增强源于DNA主链上PO3-4与CU之间的静电结合,以及通过氢键和疏水力进行的沟槽式结合,为探针分子提供了疏水性的微环境,降低了体系的非辐射能量损失,使体系的荧光强度增加.     

荧光光度法测定环境水样中镁的含量——基于与邻菲啰啉生成络合物而产生的荧光增敏作用

在pH 10.0的缓冲介质中,以235 nm和360 nm为发射波长测定时,邻菲啰啉试剂的荧光因与镁(Ⅱ)反应生成了络合物而得到增敏,其增敏的程度(△F)与镁(Ⅱ)的质量浓度之间在0.1～2.0 mg·L-1范围内呈线性关系.此反应的检出限(3s/b)为0.038 mg·L-1.应用此方法测定了3种不同来源的水样中镁的含量,测定值的相对标准偏差(n=6)在1.3%～1.6%之间.在此样品的基础上用标准加入法做回收试验,测得回收率在98%～103%之间.     

铽-洛美沙星体系的荧光性质研究及应用

在pH 6.0~6.5的乙酸-乙酸钠缓冲溶液中,铽(Ⅲ)与洛美沙星生成具有荧光特性的络合物,其激发波长在330 nm处,发射波长在546 nm处,相对荧光强度与洛美沙星质量浓度之间,在0.01~0.43 mg.L-1范围内呈线性关系,检出限为0.001 mg.L-1。方法应用于洛美沙星胶囊中含量的测定,测得回收率在96.5%~102.0%之间,测定结果的相对标准偏差(n=5)在1.5%~2.1%之间。     

流动注射-荧光光度法测定依诺沙星

在pH 5.80的六亚甲基四胺-盐酸缓冲溶液中,十二烷基硫酸钠(SDS)和铝(Ⅲ)的存在对依诺沙星荧光强度有协同增敏作用,结合流动注射进样技术,采用时间扫描荧光方式,提出了荧光光度法测定依诺沙星含量的方法。在激发波长267.0 nm,发射波长400.0 nm处,依诺沙星的质量浓度在0.002～0.8 mg.L-1范围内与其荧光强度呈线性关系,方法的检出限(3S/N)为1.7μg.L-1。方法用于片剂、胶囊、注射剂中依诺沙星含量的测定,测得其回收率依次为98.5%,100.5%,98.0%,相对标准偏差(n=5)依次为2.1%,1.3%,1.6%。     

罗丹明6G荧光猝灭法测定农产品中痕量铁

在稀硫酸溶液中,铁(Ⅲ)与碘化钾反应生成游离碘(以络阴离I-,3 状态存在).所释出的I-,3与罗丹明6G反应生成离子缔合络合物,导致罗丹明 6G 的荧光猝灭.在激发波长 483 nm 及发射波长 551 nm 处测定空白试液及含铁试样溶液的荧光强度F,o及F,s并算得荧光猝灭强度△F.试验结果表明:铁(Ⅲ)的质量浓度在 0.01～0.40 mg·L-1范围内与其相应的荧光猝灭值△F 之问呈线性关系,并测得其检出限(S/N=3)为 0.005 mg·L-1.应用此方法测定了3种农产品试样中的含铁量,并以此试样为基体加入铁(Ⅲ)标准溶液测定了方法的回收率在 95.7%～99.3%之间.     

荧光分光光度法测定痕量铜——基于铜(Ⅱ)水杨基荧光酮-乳化剂OP-β-环糊精荧光熄灭反应体系

在pH 6.4的磷酸盐介质中,有铜(Ⅱ)存在时,由反应体系水杨基荧光酮(SAF),β-环糊精(β-CD)及乳化剂OP所产生的荧光,由于铜(Ⅱ)与SAF反应生成了配合物而产生猝灭现象,而且荧光强度的减弱程度与铜(Ⅱ)的质量浓度在0.24 mg·L-1以内呈线性关系.荧光检测系在激发波长(λex)365 nm和发射波长(λem)523 nm条件下进行.基于上述事实,提出了测定痕量铜的荧光分光光度法,在应用此方法测定自来水中痕量铜时,测得方法的平均回收率为100.6%,平均相对标准偏差(n=6)为0.24%.     

抑制荧光光谱法测定模拟废水中痕量汞

基于在pH 8.00磷酸氢二钠-柠檬酸缓冲介质中,血红蛋白对过氧化氢氧化对甲酚反应具有强的催化作用,汞(Ⅱ)对上述指示反应具有灵敏的抑制作用,从而提出了抑制荧光光谱法测定模拟废水中汞含量的方法。优化的试验条件如下:①血红蛋白的浓度为2.00×10-7 mol·L-1;②对甲酚的浓度为1.60×10-3 mol·L-1;③过氧化氢的浓度为1.11×10-3 mol·L-1;④反应时间为80min。在激发波长318nm、发射波长405nm处,反应体系的ΔF(即F0与F值之差)与汞(Ⅱ)的浓度在2.00×10-8～1.00×10-5 mol·L-1范围内呈线性关系。方法用于模拟废水的分析,测得加标回收率在94.0%～105%之间,相对标准偏差(n=8)在2.5%～3.3%之间。     

同步扫描-双波长荧光分光光度法同时测定三种儿茶酚胺类神经递质

提出了用同步扫描-双波长荧光分光光度法同时测定肾上腺素(EP)、去甲肾上腺素素(NEP)和多巴胺(DA)3种儿茶酚胺类神经递质.试验表明:荧光检测宜选定发射波长(λen)与激发波长(λex)的波长差为70 nm(△λ=λem-λex)的条件下进行同步扫描.在λem为385.0 nm时DA的荧光信号不受EP和NEP的干扰,而EP和NEP相互的干扰,采用双波长荧光检测模式可消除.选择测定NEP的波长对为470.0 nm(λem,1)和531.8 nm(λem,2),测定EP的波长对为500.0 nm(λ'em,1)和445.6 nm(λ'em,2).测得荧光强度与3种儿茶酚胺浓度在320 μg·L-1(EP),640 μg·L-1(NEP)及160μg·L-1(DA)内呈线性关系,检出限(3σ/k)依次为0.20,0.97,0.73 μg·L-1.     

荧光光谱法测定饮料中的苋菜红与亮蓝

采用荧光光谱法测定饮料中的苋菜红与亮蓝。样品经柠檬酸溶液调节酸度至pH 6.0,用聚酰胺粉吸附待测物,解析后,以320nm为激发波长、425nm为发射波长测定苋菜红,以382nm为激发波长、445nm为发射波长测定亮蓝,苋菜红和亮蓝的浓度分别在2.5×10-6~2.50×10-5 mol·L-1,5.0×10-6~5.00×10-5 mol·L-1范围内与其荧光强度呈线性关系,检出限(3s)分别为2.0×10-7 mol·L-1和1.0×10-6 mol·L-1。本法用于测定市售饮料中的苋菜红与亮蓝,加标回收率在102%~104%之间,测定值的相对标准偏差均小于5%。     

Copolymers of tetrafluoroethene with chlorotrifluoroethene and with bromotrifluoroethene

Tetrafluoroethene (TFE)–chlorotrifluoroethene (CTFE) and TFE–bromotrifluoroethene (BTFE) copolymers have been synthesized by solution copolymerization over the entire range of comonomer composition. Crystallinity data are reported and first- and second-order transitions have been investigated by DSC. Glass transition temperatures of TFE-CTFE copolymers vary in a nonlinear fashion in the range defined by the homopolymers conforming best to the Johnston equation; the behavior in the TFE-BTFE system is more linear. Whereas TFE-BTFE copolymers show a steep decrease of melting temperature at higher BTFE content, due to the amorphous character of the polymers, more regular behavior was found for TFE-CTFE copolymers. Enthalpies of fusion are also reported. The results are discussed in relation to copolymer composition and structure and are compared with data on tetrafluoroethene–hexafluoropropene (FEP) fluorocarbon resins.     

Enthalphy of mixing of bromobenzene with n-alkanes,with cyclohexane,and with benzene

A dynamic flow microcalorimeter of the Picker design was used to measure enthalpies of mixing at 298.15 K and atmospheric pressure of the six binary systems bromobenzene + n-hexane, + n-heptane, + n-nonane, + n-tetradecane, + cyclohexane, and + benzene. Within the homologous series of n-alkane systems, the interaction parameter, h₁₂, calculated from rigid-lattice group contribution theory, decreases weakly with increasing chain length of the alkane. This behavior is quite analogous to that observed with chloro-derivatives of benzene + n-alkane.     

Reactions of amines with a dimer of hexafluoropropene and with a perfluorovinyl sulfide prepared with hexafluoropropene

Some reactions of amines with a perfluorovinylsulfide, (CF₃)₂CFSC(CF₃)CFCF(CF₃)₂, prepared from hexafluoropropene (HFP) and sulfur [1] are compared to reactions of the same amines with the thermodynamic dimer of HFP, (CF₃)₂CCFCF₂CF₃. Many new ketenimines, eneamines, amidines, nitriles, and quinoline derivatives are reported.     

Treatment of Wool with Laccase and Dyeing with Madder

This research has explored the effect of laccase (Denilite ІІ S) on the physical properties of the wool fabric and confirms the anti-felting of wool. In the experiment, laccase was applied to a wool fabric and different characteristics including weight loss, strength, alkali solubility, felting shrinkage, water drop absorption, and dye ability with madder were studied. The surface morphology of the wool fabrics was also observed by scanning electron microscope. The results indicated that the wool fabric treated with laccase has a higher water drop absorption, lower felting shrinkage, and lower values of a ^* and b ^*. Treatment of a wool fabric with 10% or lower percentage of laccase reduced the fabric weight but increased the tensile strength. However, using higher concentration of laccase reduced fabric weight and tensile strength. The dyeing of laccase pre-treated wool fabric with madder indicated a lower lightness.