农林类高校《高分子材料新进展》课程教学改革初探

《高分子材料新进展》是我国部分农林类高校高分子材料与工程专业开设的本科专业限选课程。根据农林类高校的专业特色和高分子材料专业人才培养的需求,在教学过程中通过调整课程教学内容、改善教学方法与手段、积极探索教学考核方式等途径,从而使学生开阔视野,进一步丰富专业基础理论知识,培养和激发学生的学习和科研兴趣,提高分析问题和解决实践问题的能力,以满足社会和科学研究对专业人才的需求。     

浅谈包装工程专业高分子材料课程的教学方法

包装工程专业属于多学科交叉学科,涉及材料科学与工程、食品科学与工程、机械工程、艺术等多门学科。《高分子材料基础》属于包装工程专业的基础理论课之一。本文通过分析高分子材料相关知识与《包装材料学》、《包装技术》、《包装印刷》等主干课程的关系,明确了《高分子材料基础》课程在包装工程专业中的地位与作用;根据包装工程专业的知识结构、要求及当前课程设置,选择教材并梳理了课程的教学重点;针对包装工程专业学生化学基础薄弱的特点,提出几点教学方法。     

非高分子专业《高分子化学与物理》教学中的几点体会

高分子科学已渗透于各个领域与学科,形成了一个无法替代的交叉学科,因此,工科化学或材料相关专业纷纷开设高分子相关课程。《高分子化学与物理》作为哈尔滨工程大学材料化学专业的主干课之一,包括高分子化学和高分子物理两个侧面,其中高分子化学部分侧重高分子合成的基本理论知识,高分子物理部分则侧重于高分子的结构与性能。本文分析了高分子化学与物理的课程特点,总结了在课堂教学中采取的行之有效的措施和教学尝试,介绍了在课堂教学过程中,如何导入心理教育,提高学生的学习兴趣。     

应用型高校《高分子材料》课程实践教学模式改革探索

《高分子材料》课程是高分子材料与工程专业的一门必修课,是学生了解和掌握高分子材料专业知识的基础课程。本文通过对高分子材料与工程专业的《高分子材料》课程教学方式和考核方式的改革,探索了在课程中引入材料重要性讨论、市场调研、大作业演讲、企业和行业协会人员进教室等方式提高学生服务地方能力。在加入这些实践元素的同时,探索了对考核方式的改进和完善,激发了学生的学习兴趣,提高了学习效果。这种教学模式值得在本专业相似的课程中推广。     

材料化学课程内容与专业课程体系设置的探析

材料化学是材料学与化学等学科交叉、渗透下产生的一门新兴交叉学科,其学科内容还没有得到一致的认同,对应材料化学课程的内容往往与材料化学专业开设的其他课程内容出现重叠.本文通过对材料化学专业要求、核心知识领域以及材料化学学科概念的分析,对材料化学课程内容和材料化学专业课程体系的设置作了初步的探讨.     

高分子材料与工程专业新生研讨课的教学改革与实践

新生专业研讨课作为我校高分子材料与工程专业新生入学教育的重要内容,它的建设和发展对于大一新生对本专业的了解和学习方法的掌握是非常关键的。本文主要对高分子材料与工程专业的新生专业研讨课的教学内容和教学方法进行探讨,新生专业研讨课的教学内容主要包括详细的专业介绍、专业讨论课程和实践操作课程、专业思想教育,教学方法除了采取了传统的课堂讲授外,还有课堂讨论、课堂探究及实验、专家讲座。     

具有工科特色的《高分子化学》课程教学改革初探

高分子化学是我校的校级精品课程,亦是高分子材料与工程专业的重要专业基础课之一,良好的高分子化学基础将为学生在相关材料领域的研究与开发打下扎实的基础。本文根据本专业的工科学科特点,结合近年来的高分子化学课程的教学实践与探索,从互动与形象化教学、案例教学、与科研相结合等角度出发,着力提高学生的学习兴趣、培养学生创新能力,以促进教学质量的提高,提出了适应高分子材料与工程专业、具有工科特色的《高分子化学》课程教学改革的一些建议。     

打造材料化学一流专业培养体系——以高分子化工为方向

辽宁石油化工大学材料化学专业为推动一流专业的深入建设,以高分子化工为方向,从理论课程的建设、实验与理论教学的融合,课程思政的挖掘以及科技竞赛与毕业设计的结合四大模块开展了一系列的改革与实践,为培养新形势下高分子化工领域应用型工程技术人才打下坚实的基础。     

高分子材料导论课程中实施专题教学的探索

从高分子材料导论课程的设置意义、课程的现状分析、课程中实施专题教学改革的必要性、如何实施专题教学以及实施专题教学改革的效果和意义等几方面对高分子材料导论课程中实施专题教学进行了探讨。     

学科交叉背景下的高分子材料与工程专业的教学探索与实践——以浙大高分子科学与工程学系专业核心课程《高分子化学》教学为例

自从20世纪20年代“高分子”概念建立之后,高分子学科和工业蓬勃发展,人类进入了高分子材料的新纪元。高分子材料在民生、安全和尖端科技等各个领域发挥着关键作用。作为全球制造业最大的国家,我国未来要在全球高分子材料领域处于引领地位,关键在于当前的大学基础教育要能培养出德才兼备的顶尖专业人才。浙江大学高分子科学与工程学系的高分子材料与工程专业具有典型的理工学科交叉性特征。本文结合该专业的核心必修课程《高分子化学》教学改革的例子,总结专业建设的探索和实践经验,探讨学科交叉背景下专业人才培养的两个基本问题：一是以培养理工结合型专业人才为目标的课程体系设置与建设,另一个是厚植正确价值观作为人才培养基石的课程教学实践。希望本文作者的教学实践经验和思考能为我国高分子材料与工程专业人才培养起到“抛砖引玉”的作用。     

新材料的发展与分析化学

文章介绍了新材料的重要性及发展方向,分析化学在新材料研制中起着耳目的作用,另一方面新材料也为分析化学的进展提供了课题与条件。微量分析、微区分析、表面分析是此领域中的重点。在未来的发展中,分析化学在材料的发展中的地位不会改变,并期待着分析灵敏度与空间分辩率的进一步提高。     

Anion-Dependent Redox Chemistry of p-Type Poly(vinyldimethylphenazine) Cathode Materials

Metal-free organic electrode materials have attracted vast research attention owing to their designable structures and tunable electrochemical properties. Although n-type cathode materials could be used in various metal-ion batteries, p-type ones with high potential can deliver high energy density. Herein, we report a new p-type polymeric cathode material, poly(2-vinyl-5,10-dimethyl-dihydrophenazine) (PVDMP), with a theoretical capacity of 227 mAh g⁻¹. PVDMP featuring two-step redox reaction will be doped by two anions to maintain electroneutrality during oxidation, which resulted in an anion-dependent electrochemical behavior of PVDMP-based cathode. The suitable dopant anion for PVDMP was selected and the doping mechanism was confirmed. Under the optimized condition, PVDMP cathode can deliver a high initial capacity of 220 mAh g⁻¹ at 5 C and even remains 150 mAh g⁻¹ after 3900 cycles. This work not only provides a new kind of p-type organic cathode materials but also deepens the understanding of its anion-dependent redox chemistry.     

Materials and biological applications of 1,2,3-selenadiazoles: a review

In recent years, chemistry of metal-nitrogen–bonded compounds have attracted tremendous attention mainly because of unusual properties resulting from such a bond involving carbon and other heteroatoms. M?N–bonded compounds, when containing group VI elements, especially selenium, has attracted great attention in materials chemistry. In addition, the increased interest in synthesis of N-containing bioactive compounds with other heteroatoms such as selenium, sulfur, etc is mainly because of their tremendous potential as antioxidants, additives, dyes for polymers, and as insecticides, in solvent extraction, and in nanotechnology. Thus, the synthesis and applications of 1,2,3-selenadiazoles have attracted recent interest of materials scientists, including nanotechnologists, pharmaceutical chemists, and organic chemists. The chemistry of 1,2,3-selenadiazoles is highly rich and has been practiced ever since its first report in 1972. Such N-containing Se-heterocycles form several types of selenadiazoles that are a rich source of selenium for semiconductor nanoparticles of metal selenides. The materials chemistry of such molecules has been documented for over three decades, and their great scope in semiconductors has emerged. This review article is an attempt to bring a variety of materials and biological application of 1,2,3-selenadiazoles for better understanding of the researchers.     

Advanced Materials: Trends and Possibilities in Liquid Crystalline Polymers

During the past ten years there has been a sharp increase in interest in the opportunities afforded by R & D in the field of specialty polymers. Interest is mainly being shown in two distinct categories of polymers, namely, (a) polymers which are used in very small quantities to fulfill critical needs as a part of device system, and (b) high-performance engineering polymers which significantly extend their mechanical and thermal properties for structural applications. The first category ranges from advanced resists and insulating layers for microelectronic devices to membranes for filtration systems. The second category encompasses improved matrices for advanced composites as well as liquid crystalline polymers. In the present paper an overview is first given of the emerging opportunities for advanced materials and particularly specialty polymers. The status of work on liquid crystalline copolyesters is then discussed with special emphasis on one of the major problems confronting this field, namely interpreting the microstructure of the copolyesters.     

Supramolecular Approaches towards Ordered Polymer Materials

Controlled organization of polymer chains into ordered structures is highly important to tune or enhance the properties of the polymeric materials. A supramolecular approach using host–guest chemistry has allowed rational design of chain assemblies with many functional properties. Nanoporous materials with ordered channel structures are particularly useful for attaining precise assemblies of polymer chains through nanoconfinement.     

基于贻贝仿生化学的分离功能材料

贻贝仿生的表面化学是近年来材料学、化学、生物医学等领域的交叉研究热点。多巴胺可以作为贻贝足丝蛋白(Mfp)超强黏附特性的模型分子,通过复杂的氧化-自聚和组装,形成多种功能的聚多巴胺(PDA)纳米涂层和纳米粒子,在分离膜、吸附材料、生物医用材料、生物黏结剂等领域有着广阔的应用前景。本研究小组近年来持续开展了基于贻贝仿生化学的分离功能材料制备与结构调控的研究工作,率先将多巴胺表面沉积方法应用于多孔分离膜表面的构建与功能化,提出了多巴胺的自聚-沉积过程模型,进而验证了PDA沉积层的纳滤分离特性,建立了一条简单方便的膜表面功能化与纳滤膜制备新途径。本文主要对基于贻贝仿生化学的分离功能材料,特别是分离膜的研究进展进行综述,并对将来的发展趋势进行展望。     

Trends in the Synthesis of Polymer Nano- and Microscale Materials for Bio-Related Applications

Polymeric nano- and microscale materials bear significant potential in manifold applications related to biomedicine. This is owed not only to the large chemical diversity of the constituent polymers, but also to the various morphologies these materials can achieve, ranging from simple particles to intricate self-assembled structures. Modern synthetic polymer chemistry permits the tuning of many physicochemical parameters affecting the behavior of polymeric nano- and microscale materials in the biological context. In this Perspective, an overview of the synthetic principles underlying the modern preparation of these materials is provided, aiming to demonstrate how advances in and ingenious implementations of polymer chemistry fuel a range of applications, both present and prospective.     

Some Factors Governing the Coating of Organic Polymers by Sol-Gel Derived Hybrid Materials

Organic-inorganic hybrid materials can exhibit some properties of organic polymers, such as toughness and elasticity, and/or that of ceramics, such as chemical stability and hardness. In this review, we discuss the main factors that should be considered when coating a polymeric substrate with a sol-gel derived organic-inorganic hybrid material. The effects of the solution characteristics, the polymer substrate chemistry and preparation, the application process and materials characteristics are considered. Examples of commercial and published systems are discussed. We find that due to the wide diversity of the systems investigated, it is difficult to be specific in recommending guidelines applicable to all systems. However, some general considerations can be made that should be useful in the design of functional hybrid coatings aimed at improving the characteristics of polymeric surfaces.     

Interfaces between Molecular and Polymeric “Metals”: Electrically Conductive,Structure-Enforced Assemblies of Metallomacrocycles

The design, synthesis, characterization, and understanding of new molecular and macro-molecular substances with “metal-like” electrical properties represents an active research area at the interface of chemistry, physics, and materials science. An important, long-range goal in this field of “materials by design” is to construct supermolecular assemblies which exhibit preordained collective phenomena by virtue of “engineered” interactions between molecular building blocks. In this review, such a class of designed materials is discussed which, in addition, bridges the gap between molecular and polymeric conductors: assemblies of electrically conductive metallomacrocycles. It is seen that efforts to rationally construct stacked metal-like molecular arrays lead logically to structure-enforced macromolecular assemblies of covalently linked molecular subunits. Typical building blocks are robust, chemically versatile metallophthalocyanines. The electrical optical, and magnetic properties of these metallomacrocyclic assemblies and the fragments thereof, provide fundamental information on the connections between local atomic-scale architecture, electronic structure, and the macroscopic collective properties of the bulk solid.