2017年毛细管电泳技术年度回顾

本文为2017年毛细管电泳（CE）技术的年度回顾。归纳总结了ISI Web of Science中检索到的2017年度发表的与CE技术相关的论文,从药物分析、医学及临床检验、食品安全检验、环境监测、CE-质谱联用技术、手性分析、生物分子7个方面进行分类说明。简要介绍了2017年涉及CE技术的国际会议7个、国内会议2个以及各会议的研究报告情况。最后,介绍了2017年度中国分析测试协会科学技术奖（CAIA奖）一等奖"毛细管电泳准确定量和精准筛选的新方法研究及应用"内容。     

2016年毛细管电泳技术年度回顾

本文为2016年毛细管电泳（CE）技术的年度回顾。归纳总结了ISI Web of Science中检索的2016年度CE技术相关的论文,从药物及天然产物、医学及临床检验、食品及农业、生物分子、手性分析、环境监测、CE-质谱联用技术、其他化合物和离子检测等方面进行了分类说明。简要介绍了2016年涉及CE技术的5个国际会议、2个国内会议以及各会议的研究报告情况。最后介绍了目前国内外主要的毛细管电泳仪器。     

2019年毛细管电泳技术年度回顾

本文归纳了ISI Web of Science中检索的2019年度毛细管电泳（CE）技术的相关论文,从生物分析、药物分析、临床检验及医学诊断、手性拆分、食品检测、其他化合物和离子检测以及毛细管电泳-质谱（CE-MS）的应用等7个方面进行了分类说明;简要介绍了2019年度与CE技术有关的国际会议和国内会议及各会议的重点研究报告。     

2015年毛细管电泳技术年度回顾

本文为2015年毛细管电泳(CE)技术的年度回顾。归纳了ISI Web of Science中检索的2015年度CE技术相关的论文,从毛细管电泳-质谱(CE-MS)联用技术、方法学研究、检测与富集、手性分子拆分及CE技术应用5个方面进行了分类说明;简要介绍了2015年涉及CE技术的国际会议6个,国内会议2个以及各会议的研究报道情况。最后,介绍了目前国内外的单克隆抗体、水质、酒类和食品分析中涉及的毛细管电泳的方法标准。     

2013年毛细管电泳技术年度回顾

本文为2013年毛细管电泳(CE)技术的年度回顾。介绍了2013年涉及CE技术的国际会议6个,国内会议2个,对各会议的研究报道进行了总结。归纳了在ISI Web of Science中检索的2013年度发表的与CE技术相关的论文,并对这些论文在生物医药研究和检测器使用以及重要分析化学杂志发表的情况进行了分类说明。     

2014年毛细管电泳技术年度回顾

本文为2014年毛细管电泳(CE)技术的年度回顾.介绍了2014年涉及CE技术的国际会议5个,国内会议2个,总结了各会议的研究报道情况;归纳了在ISI Web of Science中检索到的2014年度发表的与CE技术相关的论文,并对以上论文在生物医药研究、检测器使用以及重要分析化学杂志发表的情况进行了分类说明.最后,回顾和比较了2012-2014年的CE进展.     

2012年毛细管电泳技术年度回顾

本文为2012年毛细管电泳(CE)技术的年度回顾。文中介绍了2012年涉及CE技术的国际会议4个,国内会议3个,对各会议的研究报道进行了总结。文中还归纳了ISI Web of Science中检索的2012年度发表的CE论文,并对这些CE论文在生物医药研究和检测器使用以及重要分析化学杂志发表的情况进行了分类说明。     

2020年毛细管电泳技术年度回顾

该文为2020年毛细管电泳(capillary electrophoresis, CE)技术年度回顾。归纳总结了以“capillary electrophoresis-mass spectrometry”或“capillary isoelectric focusing”或“micellar electrokinetic chromatography”或“capillary electrophoresis”为关键词在ISI Web of Science数据库中进行主题检索得到的2020年CE技术相关研究论文222篇,以及中文期刊《分析化学》和《色谱》中CE技术相关的研究论文37篇。对2020年影响因子(IF)≥5.0的Analytical Chemistry, Food Chemistry, Analytica Chimica Acta和Talanta等13本期刊的38篇文章报道的科研工作作了逐一介绍;对IF<5.0的期刊中CE技术报道较为集中的Journal of Chromatography A和Electrophoresis两本分析化学类期刊发表40篇文章中的代表性内容作了综合介绍;对重要的中文期刊《分析化学》出版的“核酸适配体专刊”和《色谱》出版的2期CE技术专刊所收录的37篇文章中的工作作了总体介绍。总体来说,2020年CE技术发展趋势仍以毛细管电泳-质谱(CE-MS)的新方法和新应用最为突出,主要集中在CE-MS与电化学检测、固相萃取以及多种毛细管电泳模式的联用方面,CE-MS接口相关的报道较前几年有所减少;常规CE技术则以胶束电动毛细管色谱(MEKC)在复杂样本分析、浓缩富集应用为主,尤其在食品和药品等复杂基质样本分析方面的报道较为集中;此外,我国CE相关领域专家学者的科研成果涵盖了CE在生命科学、临床医学、医药研发、环境科学、天然产物、食品分析等领域的应用,代表了国内CE科研应用水平和现状。     

高效毛细管电泳在核酸、蛋白质分析中的新进展

高效毛细管电泳以其分离效率高，分析速度快，样品和试剂用量少，易于实现自动化等优点，在核酸、蛋白质等生物样品的分析方面发挥着重要的作用并具有巨大的潜力。本文介绍了近两年来高效毛细管电泳技术的进展，特别是PCR／CE、CE／MS以及电泳芯片技术等方面的新发展，并综述了高效毛细管电泳在核酸、蛋白质分析方面的应用，同时对其前景进行了展望。     

2022年毛细管电泳技术年度回顾

该文为2022年毛细管电泳(capillary electrophoresis, CE)技术年度回顾。归纳总结了以“capillary electrophoresis-mass spectrometry”或“capillary isoelectric focusing”或“micellar electrokinetic chromatography”或“capillary electrophoresis”为关键词在ISI Web of Science数据库中进行主题检索(排除“capillary electrochromatography”“microchip”“microfluidic”“capillary monolithic column”)得到的2022年CE技术相关研究论文881篇。重点介绍了影响因子(IF)大于10.0的Lancet Global Health,ACS Central Science,Microbiome,Trends in Food Science&Technology,TrAC-Trends in Analytical Chemistry,Jou...     

Analytical instrument qualification in capillary electrophoresis

Capillary electrophoresis (CE) is a well-established and frequently used technique in the pharmaceutical industry. Therefore an appropriate analytical instrument qualification (AIQ) is required for quality assurance. AIQ forms the basis of a quality management followed by analytical method validation, system suitability tests (SSTs) and quality control checks. Two parts of the AIQ, namely the operational qualification (OQ) and the performance qualification (PQ) are of particular interest in the daily routine of the laboratory. A new concept for OQ and PQ was developed to assure the correct function of a CE system. The significance of each parameter, possible test methods as well as acceptance criteria will be presented and discussed in detail. Especially temperature adjustment by the cooling system and the voltage supply must be tested for accurate and precise operation. The detector noise, wavelength accuracy and detector linearity have to be checked as well. Finally, the injection linearity, accuracy and precision need to be qualified. The proposed set of qualification procedures is easy to implement and was already tested on five CE instruments from three different manufacturers. A time- and cost-saving continuous PQ was derived, using results from method-specific SSTs and some additional experiments. This holistic concept continuously surveys the most relevant parameters, hence assuring the suitability of the used instruments and decreasing their downtimes.     

Capillary electrophoresis in pharmaceutical analysis: a survey on recent applications

Capillary electrophoresis (CE) has a significant role in drug discovery and manufacturing processes and has a potential to grow further, due to new developments that can provide highly sensitive and high throughput analysis. This review illustrates recent applications of CE in pharmaceutical analysis (2005-present). The history, principles, instruments, and conventional modes of CE are briefly described. Applications for drug analysis by various techniques of CE are presented in six tables: capillary zone electrophoresis (CZE) (Table I), micellar electrokinetic chromatography (MEKC) and microemulsion electrokinetic chromatography (MEEKC) (Table II), non-aqueous CE (NACE) (Table III), chiral CE (Table IV), CE-mass spectrometry (MS) microchip CE (Table V), and multiplexed CE (MCE) (Table VI).     

浊点萃取技术及其在有机化合物分离分析中的应用

浊点萃取是基于表面活性剂水溶液中相分离现象的萃取浓缩技术，已成功实现了与HPLC、CE和FI等分析仪器的联用，用于各种金属离子、生物分子和不同极性有机化合物浓缩分离处理，是一种替代有机溶剂萃取的良好形式。本文简要介绍了浊点萃取技术的原理和流程，详细总结了在有机化合物分离分析中的应用以及与不同分析仪器联用时遇到的问题和处理方法。     

Sensitivity enhancement in capillary electrophoresis and their applications for analyses of pharmaceutical and related biochemical substances

This review aims to illustrate sensitivity enhancement methods in capillary electrophoresis (CE) and their applications for pharmaceutical and related biochemical substance analyses. The first two parts of the article describe the introduction and principle of CE. The main part focuses on strategies for sensitivity improvement in CE including detector and capillary technologies and preconcentration techniques. Applications of these techniques for pharmaceutical and biomedical substance analyses are surveyed during the years 2018–2021.     

Instrumentation for capillary electrochromatography

One of the reasons for the immense interest in capillary electrochromatography (CEC) is its feature to combine chromatographic selectivity with the high efficiency and the miniaturization potential of capillary electrophoresis (CE). The capability of commercial CE instruments to run CEC has enforced the readiness of users and researchers to work on this separation technique. Nevertheless, to fully exploit the potential of CEC, a routine CE device can certainly not fulfill all requirements. Two different approaches have been made to overcome this problem. The first was to modify commercial CE instruments for various demands. Pressurization of the packed capillary to prevent "air" bubble formation, gradient elution capabilities and thermostating devices allowing a greater flexibility in column designs have been implemented in CE instruments of several manufacturers. A completely different approach is the development of modular laboratory-made instrumentation dedicated to special CEC requirements. In order to increase mobile phase velocity and thus the speed of analysis the availability of voltages higher than 30 kV was accomplished in some of these devices. Gradient elution was achieved by either coupling of gradient LC systems or an electroosmotic generation of the changing eluent composition. When a pressure gradient is applied between both column ends in addition to the voltage gradient, a hybrid between capillary HPLC and CEC results. This chromatographic mode is named pressure-assisted electrochromatography (PEC). Either CE instruments equipped with additional HPLC pumps or modular laboratory-made devices are suitable for PEC. In CEC, sensitivity for UV detection is rather poor due to the short optical path length for on-column detection in capillary separation techniques. A special cell design with enhanced light path is presented and further principles like, e.g., fluorescence detection and coupling to mass spectrometry are discussed.     

Simplified universal method for determining electrolyte temperatures in a capillary electrophoresis instrument with forced-air cooling

Temperature increase due to resistive electrical heating is an inherent limitation of capillary electrophoresis (CE). Active cooling systems are used to decrease the temperature of the capillary, but their capacity is limited; and in addition, they leave "hot spots" at the detection interface and at the capillary ends. Until recently, the matter was complicated by the lack of a fast and generic method for temperature determination in efficiently and inefficiently cooled regions of the capillary. Our group recently introduced such a method, termed "Universal Method for determining Electrolyte Temperatures" (UMET). UMET is a probe-less approach that requires only measuring current versus voltage for different voltages and processing the data using an iterative algorithm. Here, we apply UMET to develop a Simplified Universal Method of Temperature Determination (SUMET) for a CE instrument with a forced-air cooling system using an Agilent 7100 CE instrument (Agilent Technologies, Saint Laurent, Quebec, Canada) as an example. We collected a wide set of empirical voltage-current data for a variety of buffers and capillary diameters. We further constructed empirical equations for temperature calculation in efficiently and inefficiently cooled parts of the capillary that require only the data from a single 1-min voltage-current measurement. The equations are specific for the Agilent 7100 CE instrument (Agilent Technologies) but can be applied to all kinds of capillaries and buffers. Similar SUMET approaches can be developed for other CE instruments with forced-air cooling using our approach.     

Chemical stability enhancement of crown ether grafted sulfonated poly(arylene ether ketone) fuel cell membrane by cerium ion fixation

In operation of polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell or direct methanol fuel cell, ·OH radicals are the major cause for the degradation of polymer electrolyte membrane. In order to enhance its antioxidation stability, cerium ion (Ce³⁺, CE), an ·OH radical quencher, is introduced to membrane, as it converts the ·OH radicals into inactive chemicals. In this study, aminoethyl‐15‐crown‐5 (CRE) is grafted on the sulfonated poly(arylene ether ketone) (SPAEK) to prevent the migration of CE ions from the membrane for long‐term antioxidation stability, as CRE forms a coordination complex with CE. The chemical and physical structures of the CRE grafted SPAEK are examined using proton nuclear magnetic resonance, energy dispersive X‐ray, and small‐angle X‐ray scattering spectroscopy. The physical properties of the CRE grafted SPAEK membrane are investigated and compared with those of the CRE blended and CE blended ones. While the grafting of CRE does not significantly affect the thermal and mechanical and water uptake behaviors of membranes, it leads to a significant improvement of antidegradation effect compared with other blend systems according to Fenton's test. The proton conductivity decreases with addition of CE but its effect is lessened by introduction of CRE. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part A: Polym. Chem. 2019 , 57, 101–109