基于Ce（Ⅳ）-Ru（bpy）_3（2＋）化学发光体系测定盐酸雷诺嗪

在0.12mol·L~（-1）硫酸介质中,由1.0×10~（-3）mol·L~（-1）硫酸铈溶液与2.0×10~（-4）mol·L~（-1）Ru（bpy）_3~（2＋）溶液反应产生的化学发光强度因盐酸雷诺嗪的存在而明显增强。试验表明：盐酸雷诺嗪的质量浓度在0.1～2.0mg·L~（-1）及2.0～10.0mg·L~（-...     

高效液相色谱法快速测定怀药中的六价铬

采用高效液相色谱法测定怀药中六价铬的含量。样品经0.1mol·L~(-1)磷酸氢二钾溶液超声提取3次后,提取液再经磷酸(7+3)溶液-10g·L~(-1)的1,5-二苯卡巴肼溶液-300g·L~(-1)聚乙二醇溶液(1+1+10)的混合液超声萃取20min后,分离得到聚乙二醇层,在Xterra ODS C18色谱柱上分离,以pH 2.5的0.1mol·L~(-1)磷酸氢二钾溶液-甲醇(57+43)混合液为流动相,于波长540nm处进行测定。六价铬的质量浓度在4.0~400μg·L~(-1)范围内与峰面积呈线性关系,检出限(3S/N)为40ng·L~(-1)。加标回收率在98.9%~103%之间,测定值的相对标准偏差(n=5)小于2.0%。     

1-（4-硝基苯基）-3-（2-苯并咪唑）-三氮烯的合成及与铜（Ⅱ）的显色反应

报道了1-（4-硝基苯基）-3-（2-苯并咪唑）-三氮烯（NPBMT）的合成及其与铜（Ⅱ）的显色反应。在非离子表面活性剂OP存在下,于pH11．5的Na2B4O7-NaOH缓冲介质中,NPBMT与铜（Ⅱ）形成2：1的桔红色络合物,络合物的最大吸收峰为417nm,表观摩尔吸光系数为2．62×10^4 L·mol^-1·cm^-1,10mL溶液中,铜（Ⅱ）量在0—15μg／mL范围内符合比尔定律。该法用于人发和食品中微量铜的测定,测定结果与AAS法相符。     

浊点萃取-石墨炉-原子吸收光谱法测定镍铬合金牙冠在人工唾液中浸出的铬(Ⅵ)

将镍铬合金牙冠样品置于人工唾液10mL中,于37℃浸泡4周。分取此唾液2.00mL,加入2g·L~(-1)二苯碳酰二肼(DPC)溶液0.1mL,Triton X-114(5+95)溶液0.6mL及硫酸(1+1)溶液0.5mL,加水定容为10 mL后,于40℃加热20min,使铬(Ⅵ)与DPC络合并溶入Triton X-114相中,实现铬(Ⅵ)的浊点萃取分离。将黏稠的Triton X-114液相分出,加入硝酸与甲醇(1+99)混合液定容至1mL。按所述仪器工作条件用石墨炉-原子吸收光谱法测定其中的铬(Ⅵ)量,进样量为10μL。铬(Ⅵ)的质量浓度在5.0μg·L~(-1)以内与相应的吸光度呈线性关系,检出限(3s/k)为0.088μg·L~(-1)。分别加1.0μg·L~(-1)铬(Ⅵ)标准溶液于6件牙冠样品溶液中,按方法测定后求得平均回收率为96%。对同一样品重复测定6次,计算其相对标准偏差为3.8%。     

聚乙二醇/无机盐双水相萃取-超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法测定环境水体中5种三嗪类除草剂残留量

移取10.0mL环境水体样品,加入0.90g聚乙二醇-2000,超声溶解后,加入3.25g硫酸铵,超声萃取10min,离心后移取上层萃取相50μL,用流动相稀释至200μL,经0.22μm有机滤膜过滤,采用超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法测定滤液中5种三嗪类除草剂的残留量。以Zorbax Eclipse XDB-C_(18)色谱柱为固定相,以乙腈(7+3)溶液为流动相,串联质谱分析中采用电喷雾正离子源和选择离子监测模式。5种三嗪类除草剂的质量浓度均在0.100～10.00μg·L~(-1)内与其对应的峰面积呈线性关系,检出限(3S/N)为3.72～24.3ng·L~(-1)。方法用于环境水体样品的分析,加标回收率为80.8%～115%,测定值的相对标准偏差(n=5)为0.17%～6.4%。     

顶空固相微萃取-气相色谱法测定饮用水中氯酚

提出了应用气相色谱法与顶空固相微萃取样品预处理技术相结合的方法测定饮用水中2,4,6-三氯酚(TCP)和五氯酚(PCP)。选用20mL顶空瓶,其中预置0.1mol·L~(-1)盐酸溶液0.5mL及氯化钠4.0g,加入水样10.0mL,立即封盖。插入85μm聚丙烯酸酯萃取头,在500r·min~(-1)转速振荡条件下于60℃萃取40 min,随之进入色谱仪解吸并测定。测定中采用HP-5毛细管柱和程序升温(40℃～280℃)条件,并用载气流量为3mL·min~(-1)。测得2,4,6-TCP及PCP的线性范围依次为55μg·L~(-1)和12μg·L~(-1)以内,其检出限(3S/N)依次为0.15μg·L~(-1)和0.13μg·L~(-1),加入3个浓度水平的标准溶液对方法的回收率及精密度作了试验,测得回收率在90.0%～112.8%之间,相对标准偏差(n=6)在3.0%～4.9%之间。     

氢化物发生-原子荧光光谱法测定大蒜中砷和硒

采用氢化物发生-原子荧光光谱法测定大蒜中砷和硒。样品经硝酸和高氯酸消解,在盐酸(5+95)溶液中,加入溶于50g·L~(-1)氢氧化钠溶液的20g·L~(-1)硼氢化钾溶液,使其与溶液中砷及硒离子反应生成氢化物。分析中采用载气流量依次为800mL·min~(-1),600mL·min~(-1),屏蔽气的流量均为1000mL·min~(-1)。试样溶液中加入硫脲-抗坏血酸混合溶液作为还原剂。于仪器中引入试样溶液0.5mL,按选定的工作条件操作。砷及硒的质量浓度分别在0.04～0.40,1.00～10.0μg·L~(-1)范围内与其荧光强度呈线性关系,方法的检出限(3s/k)砷为0.017μg·L~(-1),硒为0.314μg·L~(-1)。分别加入两元素的标准溶液作回收试验,测得砷和硒的回收率分别在95.3%～104.4%和94.7%～105.2%之间。     

分光光度法测定钼精矿焙烧样中铼

采用分光光度法测定钼精矿焙烧样中铼的含量。优化的试验条件如下:(1)测定波长为426nm;(2)在盐酸(1+1)溶液中显色;(3)350g·L~(-1)硫氰酸钾溶液的用量为1.0mL;(4)20g·L~(-1)氯化亚锡溶液的用量为1.0mL;(5)硫酸的用量为3mL;(6)加热温度为85℃;(7)加热时间为1.5h;(8)铼试剂的用量为1.0 mL;(9)样品溶液的pH为9左右。铼的质量浓度在3.0~30.0mg·L~(-1)内与其对应的吸光度呈线性关系,方法的检出限(3s/k)为1.0mg·L~(-1)。方法应用于钼精矿焙烧样的分析,测定值与电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱法测定结果相符,测定值的相对标准偏差(n=7)为1.1%~2.2%。用标准加入法进行回收试验,测得回收率为94.0%~106%。     

微波消解样品-氢化物发生-原子荧光光谱法测定海贝中硒

海贝样品经硝酸和过氧化氢微波加热消解,用氢化物发生-原子荧光光谱法测定其中硒的含量。使用溶于5g·L~（-1）氢氧化钾溶液中的10g·L~（-1）硼氢化钾溶液与溶液中硒离子反应生成氢化物。试样溶液中加入抗坏血酸消除硝酸的干扰。在优化的试验条件下,硒的质量浓度在600μg·L~（-1）以内与其荧光强度呈线性关系;方法检出...     

气相色谱-质谱法测定聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯瓶装水中乙醛的迁移量

提出了测定聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯(PEGTP)瓶装纯水中乙醛迁移量的气相色谱质谱法。水样(100mL)中乙醛用2,4-二硝基苯肼在pH 3柠檬酸盐缓冲溶液10mL中,于40℃水浴上振荡1h加热使之衍生化。冷却后用二氯甲烷萃取3次,每次10mL。萃取液于40℃旋转蒸发至1.0mL,分取1分L进样分析。采用DB-5MS毛细管柱及在70℃～280℃范围内程序升温进行分离。线性范围在300μg·L~(-1)以内,检出限(3S/N)为1μg·L~(-1),加入50μg·L~(-1)及100μg·L~(-1)标准溶液做回收试验及精密度试验,测得平均回收率为88%,相对标准偏差(n=5)依次为5.4%及4.5%。     

Smectic polymorphism of the 4-butyl-4-alkoxyazobenzenes and 4-pentyl-4-alkoxyazobenzenes

Two families of liquid crystalline compounds have been synthesised, the 4-butyl-4- alkoxyazobenzenes and the 4-pentyl-4-alkoxyazobenzenes; for the second family results are presented for the first time for alkoxy chains longer than butyl. The results for both families have been obtained up to the octadecyl homologues. In both families, on the basis of DSC, polarizing microscopy and thermo-optical analysis, a rich polymorphism has been detected (maximum tetramorphism). The smectic properties start with the hexyl derivative (for the butyl family) and with the heptyl derivative (for the pentyl family). Strong odd-even effects for the temperatures of clearing in both groups of compounds were detected. Our results are compared with those of de Jeu et al. and of Adomenas et al. for the 4-butyl-4- alkoxyazobenzenes, for which only one smectic modification was described.     

Electronic structures of the boron cage molecules B4H4, B4Cl4 and B4F4

Ab initio calculations have been performed on B₄H₄, B₄Cl₄ and B₄F₄ in order to aid our understanding of the bonding in these compounds, which is presumably based on a tetrahedral boron cage. This cage has only 8 electrons and so is less than that expected on the basis of the usual framework electron counting rules. Basis sets with polarisation functions were used at the SCF, CI and CPF levels of theory to confirm that the T _d structures are indeed more stable than the D _4h ones. Davidson-Roby population analyses were able to show that many factors, including 3-centre 2-electron bonding and backbonding from the ligand to the boron cage, are of importance in determining the relative stability of the three compounds, of which B₄Cl₄ is the only one that has yet been observed experimentally.     

Investigation of the viscoelastic properties of 4-propoxy-biphenyl-4-carbonitrile

ABSTRACT

We report on the temperature-dependent measurements of dielectric permittivity, birefringence, elastic constants and rotational viscosity for 4-propoxy-biphenyl-4-carbonitrile in the nematic region. The temperature dependence of the three elastic constants was determined from studies of the Freédericksz transition. The thermal dependence of elastic constants shows features similar to the literature (bend > splay > twist). Elastic constants are proportional to the square of the order parameter. Temperature-dependent dielectric characterisation was carried out at a frequency of 10 kHz. The compound shows positive dielectric anisotropy in the nematic phase. The rotational viscosity is found to be relatively low. Temperature dependence of order parameter is estimated using Haller’s method. The figure of merit was also calculated as a function of temperature.     

X-ray emission and X-ray photoelectron studies of the electronic structure of the polymeric cubane cluster compounds Mo4S4Cl4, GaMo4S8, and GaMo4S4Te4

X-ray emission and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy was used to study the electronic structures of the polymeric cubane cluster compounds Mo₄S₄Cl₄, GaMo₄S₈, and GaMo₄S₄Te₄. It is revealed that the ligand orbitals make significant contributions to the highest occupied molecular orbitals (M−M bonds). Substitution in the series Cl−S−Te increases the covalence of the metal—bridging ligand bonds. The experimental spectra allowed the construction of a qualitative scheme of the electronic structure of Mo₄S₄Cl₄. Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences. Translated fromZhurnal Strukturnoi Khimii, Vol. 36, No. 6, pp. 1038–1045, November–December, 1995. Translated by I. Izvekova     

Hyperfine structure studies in the mixed configurations (4p 2 4d+4s 4p 4) of arsenic

The magnetic hyperfine structures of some levels of the 4p ² 4d configuration which mixes strongly with the 4s 4p ⁴ configuration, have been measured for the first time, using the Fabry-Perot technique in the far UV range. A good agreement is observed between experimental results and theoretical evaluations.     

Reactivity of FeVO4 towards MgMoO4 in the solid-state

A compound of the formula Fe₃Mg₂Mo₂V₃O₂₀ has been obtained as a result of a reaction between FeVO₄ and MgMoO₄ taken at a molar ratio of 3:2. This compound crystallises in the monoclinic system and its unit cell parameters are the following: a=0.6971 nm, b=0.9055 nm,c=1.2542 nm, g=102.00°, Z=2. This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.