二(口恶)英类化合物分析研究进展

介绍了同位素稀释气相色谱与质谱联用和生物检测法测定二恶英类化合物的研究进展，概述了国际通用的二恶英类标准分析方法体系，综述了我国二恶英类化合物分析的研究现状并对我国开展二恶英类分析检测提出了建议和展望。     

一种检测二恶英的单链抗体方法

本发明公开了一种检测二恶英的单链抗体方法。该单链抗体基因来源于小鼠，克隆到表达载体pET20b，在大肠杆菌BL21中表达，利用表达蛋白上带有的His-tag标记可通过亲和层析纯化单链抗体蛋白，并利用C-myc标记检测单链抗体蛋白。本发明克隆到鼠源的抗二恶英类化学物质的单链抗体，该抗体能应用于检测二恶英类化学物质，检测成本低，应用前景广泛。     

虫荧光素酶报告基因用于二恶英类化学物质的检测

虫萤光素酶报告基因检测二恶英类化学物质与传统的EROD法比较,灵敏度及线性范围均优于EROD法,并且检测时间缩短,操作简便。适合大量样本的快速筛选及半定量检测。     

二恶英与环境污染

二恶英是人类目前所知的最为剧毒的有机化合物之一。本文介绍了二恶英的化学结构及其分析方法,阐述二恶英的毒性及致毒机理,讨论环境中二恶英的主要来源,并提出了二恶英的若干预防和消除措施。     

二恶英类分析研究进展及展望

通过综合介绍国内外二恶英类物质分析研究的最新动态,包括二恶英类的前处理和气相色谱法（GC）、液相色谱法（LC）、胶束电动色谱法（MEKC）、质谱法（MS）、气相色谱/质谱（GC/MS）联用和生物分析法等多种分析技术及其改进方法,指出了二恶英类分析研究工作中现存的问题,对今后的发展动向提出了一些建议。     

我国开发出超高灵敏二恶英类生物检测方法

由中科院生态环境研究中心承担，分析测试中心二恶英实验室为协助单位的2013年环保公益性课题《超高灵敏二恶英类生物检测方法的开发与应用》顺利通过环保部答辩，目前课题正在上报科技部查新。     

重量法制备标准混合气体

介绍重量法制备标准混合气体的原理、装置、制备过程，以及标准混合气体组分纯度的分析方法。分析了重量法制备多元标准混合气体定值不确定度的来源，对定值的扩展不确定度的计算方法作出了说明。     

硒的分析概况

对硒分析方法进行了综述,共分硒的分析分离方法,硒的定量法两大部分。硒的分析和分离方法中,介绍了硒的分析方法及分类,硒样品采集与前处理,分离方法。硒的定量法中介绍了重量法、容量法、分光光度法、荧光法、原子吸收分光光度法、原子发射光谱法、极谱法、中子活化分析法、气相色谱法、液相色谱法等。每一分析法中介绍了测定法研究及应用实例 。本文参考了137篇有关硒与硒分析法资料。     

钯含量分析方法研究进展

对钯含量分析方法研究进展进行综述。将6个国家标准、12个行业标准所使用的钯含量分析方法按照方法原理分成5类,分别对重量法、电感耦合等离子发射光谱法、电感耦合等离子发射质谱法、差减法、滴定法、原子吸收光谱法适用的测定范围、优缺点及方法改进进行了概述及评价。在实际工作中,需综合考虑试料中钯含量的范围、检测所需的试剂和试料量、检测时间、检测精度等方面,选择合适的钯含量分析方法。探讨了电位滴定仪法、X射线衍射光谱法等新方法测试钯含量研究进展,为相关分析检测人员在做钯含量分析方法研究时提供借鉴。     

化学反应法在毒品检验分析中应用方法实践 ——评《化学之书》

化学反应法是通过对化学物质本身较为复杂性的特点进行探讨、分析,其技术涵盖了化学学科所有领域,而毒品的检验分析工作与化学反应法密切相关,在仪器分析的时期,化学物质的分析主要通过化学显色法、分子光谱法、色谱法与质谱法联合等技术,其中毒品检验分析中毛细管电泳仪器分析的方法是使用率最高的化学反应法,毒品的检验与初次筛选则更多采...     

Review of the Sampling and Pretreatment Methods for Dioxins Determination in Solids,Liquids and Gases

The analytical requirements for the determination of dioxins (e.g. PCDD, PCDF) are unique in comparison with those for other routinely monitored chemicals: dioxins are measured in parts per trillion (ppt) and lower levels in technical and environmental samples, whereas other organics are measured in parts per million (ppm) or parts per billion (ppb). The ultra‐trace analysis of dioxins requires a high sample enrichment obtainable by the use of efficient extraction methods and highly selective purification/fractionation techniques. Furthermore, highly sensitive equipment (e.g. high resolution gas chromatography ‐ HRGC) with detection levels in the ppt range must be used to isolate and separate a huge number of dioxin congeners. The quantification of the dioxins by a high resolution mass detector (HRMS) requires the use of internal and labeled standards. This paper reviews and compares the classic and modern pretreatment methods, namely extraction and clean‐up, that are currently used in dioxin analysis in industrial samples and that were improved or developed in the last 25 years. In addition, the standard methods for dioxin sampling from an emission source (flue or stack gas) are examined and compared with new, automated techniques.     

Immunochemical determination of xenobiotics with endocrine disrupting effects

This paper is a review with more than 100 references discussing the immunochemical methods reported in the literature for the most important man-made chemicals with suspected endocrine disrupting activity. Details regarding immunizing hapten design, antibody production, and the features (limit of detection, dynamic range, specificity) of the most important immunochemical methods developed (ELISA, FIIA, immunosorbents, immunosensors, etc.) are presented for important environmental pollutants such as bisphenol A, phthalates, alkylphenol polyethoxylates, alkylphenols, polychlorinated biphenyl compounds, and dioxins. Availability of commercial reagents and methods is reported.     

二噁(英)降解方法的研究

二噁是一类剧毒有机氯化物 ,已被联合国环境署和世界卫生组织列为持久性有机污染物和一级致癌物质 ,能够对环境和人类的健康造成重大危害。脱氯降解是降低二毒性的有效途径。本文对二的光降解、热降解、生物降解和化学降解脱氯作了详尽的评述 ,比较了各种降解方法的优劣 ,指出多相催化加氢脱氯降解方法将是今后的发展方向     

倾动式阳极炉冶炼废杂铜二噁英排放特征研究

再生铜行业是我国二噁英排放的重点行业之一,研究再生铜行业不同冶炼方式下二噁英的排放特征对我国再生铜行业二噁英的污染防治具有重要意义。本文以再生铜倾动式阳极炉为对象,研究了倾动式阳极炉冶炼废杂铜在除尘设施前后的二噁英排放特征,并提出了其二噁英的产生机理。     

二噁(英)降解方法的研究

二噁(左口右英)是一类剧毒有机氯化物,已被联合国环境署和世界卫生组织列为持久性有机污染物和一级致癌物质,能够对环境和人类的健康造成重大危害.脱氯降解是降低二噁毒性的有效途径.本文对二噁的光降解、热降解、生物降解和化学降解脱氯作了详尽的评述,比较了各种降解方法的优劣,指出多相催化加氢脱氯降解方法将是今后的发展方向.     

A strategy to identify specific biomarkers related to the effects of a PCDD/F mixture on the immune system of marine mammals

The cell lines chosen have demonstrated a positive response in terms of cell proliferation and associated modifications in proteins content, evaluated through DNA and proteins synthesis, at environmentally relevant dose of dioxins, brought by a typical environmental PCDD/F mixture. The response is time and species dependent. After completion of the identification of proteins affected by the intoxication, we will identify a set of specific proteins whose expression is correlated to the dioxin dose and submit the cell culture to the treatment with a single chemical as well as with mixtures. We hope that this will allow us to construct and validate a set of protein biomarkers of exposure to pollutants that will show a predictive aspect for unknown chemicals. The quantitative analysis of the set of biomarkers can then be a more specific bioassay and an alternative to physico-chemical or other already established bioanalytical methods for screening purposes.     

城市生活垃圾焚烧产物中二噁英检测方法

为研究城市生活垃圾焚烧产生的二噁英污染检测问题，介绍了垃圾焚烧过程中二噁英类的生成机理及其检测方法。色谱法、免疫法、生物法、激光质谱法是目前检测二噁英类的主要手段，其中高分辨气相色谱-高分辨质谱（HRGC-HRMS）法、虫荧光素酶报告基因（CALUX）法及酶免役分析（EIA）法等在实践中取得了很好的检测效果，但各种方法适应范围有很大差别。色谱法可有效分离各种二噁英类成分，但对仪器精度和操作水平要求较高，测试周期较长，费用较高，适于准确对各种成分定量检测，不需计算总量的场合；生物法测试周期短，可平行测试大量样品，适于快速、大规模样品的筛选，但只能测定总毒性当量；激光质谱法具有高选择性、高灵敏度、多组分测定、可实现在线检测等优势，但需要预先了解污染物的光谱结构。     

虫荧光素酶报告基因用于二噁英类化学物质的检测

虫萤光素酶报告基因检测二英类化学物质与传统的EROD法比较 ,灵敏度及线性范围均优于EROD法 ,并且检测时间缩短 ,操作简便。适合大量样本的快速筛选及半定量检测     

Persistent Organic Pollutants – Are Our Methods Sensitive and Selective Enough?

Due to the exponential growth of the world population and a strong worldwide economic development, humans are increasingly exposed to chemicals. This is particularly true for persistent, toxic chemicals that accumulate in organisms including humans. The presence of these persistent organic pollutants (POPs) has been reported since the 1960s. Analytical methods developed for the determination of POPs in wildlife, food, feed, sediments, dust, air, and humans have seen a tremendous improvement in sensitivity and selectivity. Detection limits of 0.1 mg/kg for pesticides in the 1960s have decreased down to < 0.1 ng/kg for dioxins presently. On the other hand, due to new toxicological insights, authorities nowadays often demand much lower detection limits than in the early days of discovery. This paper compares the lowest effectual levels of a number of POPs with the analytical capabilities of modern laboratories in terms of sensitivity and selectivity. Methods discussed are gas chromatography (GC), including multi-dimensional GC and liquid chromatography (LC), combined with electron capture detection (for GC) or with different mass spectrometric detectors. The conclusion is that the still improving sensitivity of current methods is sufficient to allow detection of POPs at a level clearly below the lowest observable adverse effect levels. Selectivity has also improved, but given the high complexity of some of the POPs and the multitude of POPs and other chemicals to which we are exposed, further developments in selectivity are still badly needed. To limit and focus the information for regulators, an effect-directed analysis is proposed as an alternative approach.