聚丙烯酸叔丁酯-b-聚(N-异丙基丙烯酰胺)嵌段共聚物的制备及其自组装

以氯化亚铜/N,N,N′,N″,N″-五甲基二乙撑三胺为催化体系、丁酮和异丙醇为混合溶剂,采用原子转移自由基聚合法制备了大分子引发剂聚丙烯酸叔丁酯(PtBA-Cl)和聚丙烯酸叔丁酯-b-聚(N-异丙基丙烯酰胺)(PtBA-b-PNIPAM)两亲性嵌段共聚物.用红外光谱和核磁共振谱表征 PtBA-b-PNIPAM 嵌段共聚物的结构,动态光散射及透射电镜研究嵌段共聚物在溶液中的温度响应性.结果表明:胶束的体积相转变温度在 33℃左右;随着温度的增加,胶柬的粒径逐渐减小.     

基于温度/pH双响应的聚合物表面活性剂调控嵌段共聚物微球形貌

研发响应多重外界刺激而改变形貌的嵌段共聚物微球对发展新型智能材料具有重要意义.本工作提出了一种温度/pH双响应嵌段共聚物微球形貌转变的策略.在利用乳液挥发法制备聚苯乙烯-b-聚(4-乙烯基吡啶)(PS-b-P4VP)微球时,引入温度/pH双响应的聚丙烯酸-b-聚(N-异丙基丙烯酰胺)(PAA-b-PNIPAM)作为表面活性剂,通过调控实验温度以及水相的pH值,实现了PS-b-P4VP微球在蚕蛹状、草莓状、洋葱状等形貌之间的转变.这种独特的形貌转变依赖于温度/pH调控的PAA-b-PNIPAM的亲疏水性转变,以及由此导致的表面活性剂在界面分布位置的改变,进而改变了油水界面的界面选择性以及微球的形貌.通过改变PAA-b-PNIPAM的质量分数、PAA和PNIPAM的嵌段比,系统地研究了温度/pH对PS-b-P4VP微球形貌转变机制的影响.提供了一种温度/pH双响应的微球形貌转变的策略,有望在药物释放、智能传感等领域发挥重要作用.     

基于葡萄糖和苯硼酸基元之间的可逆共价键构筑多重响应性高分子复合物胶束

通过可逆加成-断裂链转移(RAFT)的聚合方法,合成了分别含有苯硼酸基元和葡萄糖基元的聚(N-异丙基丙烯酰胺)-b-聚(丙烯酰胺基苯硼酸)(PNIPAM-b-PAPBA)和聚(N-异丙基丙烯酰胺)-b-聚(丙烯酰葡萄糖胺)(PNIPAM-b-PAGA)二嵌段聚合物.由于苯硼酸和葡萄糖基元之间在弱碱性条件下(pH9.3)形成硼酸酯共价键,两种二嵌段聚合物的水溶液混合后能自发形成以PAPBA/PAGA络合物为核,PNIPAM为壳层的高分子复合物胶束.由于硼酸酯共价键在pH值和葡萄糖浓度改变时能可逆形成和断裂,以及胶束PNIPAM壳层的温敏性,所制备的基于苯硼酸/葡萄糖可逆共价键的高分子复合物胶束对pH、葡萄糖和温度具有多重响应性.     

pH响应性ABC型共聚物的合成与溶液自组装

用单氨基聚乙二醇(m PEG-NH2)引发ε-三氟乙酰基-L-赖氨酸-N-羧酸酐(Lys(TFA)-NCA)开环聚合,得到了聚乙二醇-b-聚(ε-三氟乙酰基-L-赖氨酸)(PEG-b-PTLL)两嵌段共聚物.将PTLL链段末端的NH2与2-溴异丁酰溴反应得到了大分子引发剂,通过原子转移自由基聚合(ATRP)的方法分别分别引发苯乙烯(St)和N-异丙基丙烯酰胺(NIPAM)聚合,制备了结构明确、聚合度可控的聚乙二醇-b-聚(ε-三氟乙酰基-L-赖氨酸)-b-聚苯乙烯(PEG-b-PTLL-b-PS)和聚乙二醇-b-聚(ε-三氟乙酰基-L-赖氨酸)-b-聚(N-异丙基丙烯酰胺)(PEG-b-PTLL-b-PNIPAM)三嵌段杂化共聚肽.将PEG-b-PTLL-b-PNIPAM去保护后得到温度和p H响应三嵌段共聚物;将PEG-b-PTLL-b-PS去保护后得到p H响应的两亲性三嵌段共聚物.研究了PEG45-b-PLL106-b-PS20在混合溶剂H2O/DMF中的p H诱导胶束化行为.TEM结果表明,当水溶液p H小于PLL的p Ka时,PEG45-bPLL106-b-PS20形成球状胶束,当水溶液p H大于PLL的p Ka时,PLL转变成α-螺旋,PEG45-b-PLL106-b-PS20组装成盘状胶束.     

碳酸钙在聚合物胶束控制下的仿生合成

合成了温敏性的聚(N-异丙基丙烯酰胺)-b-聚(L-谷氨酸)(PNIPAM-b-PLGA)嵌段共聚物,在较高温度下制备了以PNIPAM为核、以PLGA为壳的自组装胶束,研究了胶束对碳酸钙晶体生长的控制作用.使用扫描电镜和X射线衍射表征了碳酸钙晶体的形貌和晶型.当聚合物胶束浓度较高时,得到纤维状的文石;当胶束浓度较低时,...     

温度敏感性PNIPAM-b-PZLL-b-mPEG三嵌段共聚物的合成与自组装研究

通过大分子引发剂引发ε-苄氧羰基-L-赖氨酸-N-羧酸酐(Lys-NCA)开环聚合和大分子缩合的方法合成了聚(N-异丙基丙烯酰胺)-b-聚(ε-苄氧羰基-L-赖氨酸)-b-聚乙二醇单甲醚三嵌段共聚物(PNIPAM-b-PZLL-b-mPEG).用GPC和1H-NMR对其结构进行了表征.用芘荧光探针法证明了该三嵌段聚合物形成胶束的性质并测定了临界胶束浓度(CMC).动态光散射(DLS)研究表明,在固定PNIPAM-b-PZLL链段长度的情况下,mPEG分子量为2000时,胶束在温度高于临界溶解温度(LCST)时发生聚集,mPEG分子量为5000时,胶束在LCST以上没有发生聚集.     

温度/pH敏感性接枝共聚物水凝胶P(DMAEMA-g-NIPAM)的 合成及性质研究

利用大分子单体技术, 采用自由基溶液聚合合成了温度/pH敏感性聚甲基丙烯酸-N,N-二甲氨基乙酯接枝聚N-异丙基丙烯酰胺[P(DMAEMA-g-NIPAM)]水凝胶. 用红外光谱及扫描电镜对凝胶的组成及形貌进行了表征. 凝胶的去溶胀和溶胀动力学研究表明, 所合成的凝胶具有温度和pH敏感性. 与传统的聚丙烯酸系水凝胶相比, P(DMAEMA-g- NIPAM)具有相反的pH敏感性; P(DMAEMA-g-NIPAM)凝胶在55 ℃时具有较快的去溶胀速率, 随着凝胶中接枝链PNIPAM量的增加, 凝胶的去溶胀速率加快.     

聚（异丙基丙烯酰胺）-b-聚（4-乙烯基吡啶）胶束负载铂纳米粒子的温度响应性催化

嵌段共聚物聚(N-异丙基丙烯酰胺)-b-聚(4-乙烯基吡啶)(PNPIAM-b-P4VP)在pH6.5的水溶液中自组装成,以聚(4-乙烯基吡啶)为胶束的核,以热响应聚(N-异丙基丙烯酰胺)为胶束壳的球形胶束.通过与4VP基络合作用,将氯铂酸(H2PtCl6)导入胶束的核中,原位还原获得胶束负载2~4nm的铂纳米粒子的温度敏感型催化体系.结果显示,最低临界溶解温度(LCST)为33℃,在LCST以下,催化反应速率会随着温度的升高而提高;在LCST以上,PNPIAM嵌段变成疏水而塌缩在催化剂表面,阻碍了反应物的扩散,因此胶束负载的铂纳米粒子的催化活性会随着温度的上升而下降.     

聚N-异丙基丙烯酰胺硅胶键合固定相的应用

采用N-异丙基丙烯酰胺制备了聚N-异丙基丙烯酰胺硅胶键合固定相。试验将聚N-异丙基丙烯酰胺硅胶键合固定相应用于碱性物质和酯类物质的分离,各组分实现了基线分离,且色谱峰形对称;并利用聚N-异丙基丙烯酰胺硅胶键合固定相,在甲醇-水(30+70)混合液为流动相,28~32℃时发生了相转变,由亲水性构象转变为疏水性构象的温敏特性,可将其用于两种极性差异较大的极性化合物分析中。     

超声波合成温敏型聚合物——聚(N-异丙基丙烯酰胺)

以N-异丙基丙烯酰胺为单体,N,N′-亚甲基双丙烯酰胺为交联剂,THF为溶剂,采用超声辐照聚合法合成了一种温敏型聚合物——聚(N-异丙基丙烯酰胺)(1),其结构经FT-IR表征.用UV-Vis研究了1的热相转变性能.结果表明,1具有温度敏感性,其最低临界共溶温度为34℃.     

嵌段共聚物聚(异丙基丙烯酰胺)-b-聚(双丙酮丙烯酰胺)制备及其对叶酸的载负和释放

以N-异丙基丙烯酰胺(NIPAm)和双丙酮丙烯酰胺(DAAM)为原料,采用可逆加成 断裂链转移(RAFT)可控聚合反应法合成了两亲性两嵌段共聚物 聚(异丙基丙烯酰胺)-b-聚(双丙酮丙烯酰胺)(PNIPAm-b-PDAAM),用红外光谱(FT-IR)、核磁共振(1H NMR)和凝胶渗透色谱(GPC)对其结构和组成进行了表征。 这种共聚物在水溶液中能够自组装成稳定的聚合物胶束,通过荧光探针测得其低临界胶束浓度(CMC)约为7.0 mg/L。 采用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)和动态激光光散射(DLS)测得,PNIPAm-b-PDAAM在水溶液中自组装成核壳结构的球形胶束,SEM测得其直径约150 nm,且分散性良好。 以其聚合物胶束为载体、叶酸(FA)为模型药物,模拟人体生理环境进行药物体外释放。 结果表明,叶酸的负载量及负载率分别为25%和74%。 在人体温度37℃、pH值分别为4.0、6.86、9.18磷酸缓冲溶液(PBS)中,FA在20 h内的释放均比25 ℃快,释放速率随pH值增加而增大,最大累积释放率分别为31%、67%和72%。     

带有可调通道的嵌段共聚物胶束对药物的控制释放

用聚丙烯酸叔丁酯-b-聚乙二醇(PtBA45-b-PEG114)和聚丙烯酸叔丁酯-b-聚4-乙烯基吡啶(PtBA60-b-P4VP80)制备了复合胶束. 该胶束在pH=2.5的酸性水溶液中形成以PtBA为核, PEG和P4VP为壳的稳定球型结构. 在pH=12时, 壳层的P4VP链段变为疏水, 塌缩在PtBA的核上形成内壳, PEG链段继续保持溶解状态, 与成核的PtBA连接并穿过塌陷的P4VP内壳, 形成胶束的冠, 由于PEG处于溶解状态, 其分子链间有比较大的空隙, 可以控制一些小分子通过, 在胶束的表面形成通道. 该通道类似于生物膜的蛋白通道, 可以控制PtBA核与外界进行能量或物质交换的速度. 以布洛芬为模型分子, 负载在胶束内进行药物控制释放研究的结果表明, 胶束表面的通道可以起到明显控制布洛芬释放速度的作用, 并且药物的释放速度与通道在胶束表面的比例成正比.     

Synthesis of well-defined poly(N-isopropylacrylamide)-b-poly(L-glutamic acid) by a versatile approach and micellization

A novel Fmoc-protected chain transfer agent (CTA) was synthesized and applied in the reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) polymerization of N-isopropylacrylamide (NIPAAm), resulting in well-defined Fmoc-protected PNIPAAm and the amino-end capped PNIPAAm by the subsequent hydrolysis. Poly(N-isopropylacrylamide)-b-poly(l-glutamic acid) (PNIPAAm-b-PLGA) with controlled molecular weight and narrow molecular weight distribution was synthesized successfully via ring-opening polymerization (ROP) of alpha-amino acid N-carboxyanhydrides (NCAs) by using PNIPAAm-NH2 as the macroinitiator. Both pH- and thermo-responsive micellization behaviors of the block copolymer PNIPAAm55-b-PLGA35 in dilute aqueous solution were investigated by means of the pyrene fluorescence, circular dichroism, 1H NMR, transmission electron microscopy and dynamic and static light scattering. Spherical PLGA-core and rod-like PNIPAAm-core micelles are formed in response to pH and temperature. The reversible transition between the PLGA-core and PNIPAAm-core micelles was observed. This work provides a versatile approach for synthesizing well-defined stimuli-responsive polypeptide-based double hydrophilic diblock copolymers (DHBCs), and is of great potential for generating useful stimuli-responsive materials in biomedical applications.     

含pH敏感聚(4-乙烯基吡啶)的嵌段共聚物成核胶束化过程的NMR研究

利用NMR技术研究了聚乙二醇-b-聚(4-乙烯基吡啶)(PEG114-b-P4VP107)和聚(N-异丙烯基丙烯酰胺)-b-聚(4-乙烯基吡啶)(PNIPAM53-b-P4VP260)在逐步降低聚(4-乙烯基吡啶)链段质子化程度时嵌段共聚物的胶束化过程.在开始形成胶束时,吡啶环上氢原子的自旋-晶格弛豫时间(T1)急剧减小.结果表明,PEG114-b-P4VP107在质子化程度降为0.54时已有胶束生成;PNIPAM53-b-P4VP260在质子化程度降为0.58时也能观测到胶束生成的信号.将两个嵌段共聚物各自制得胶束的溶液相混合,观测到了发生在高分子链间的2DNOE信号,这表明所制得溶液中胶束与高分子链间有链交换的动态平衡.     

Ultrasound-responsive Homopolymer Nanoparticles

Nonin vasive ultraso und is a more effective strategy for on-demand drug delivery of polymeric nano particles than many other stimuli.However,the preparation of ultrasound-responsive homopolymer nanoparticles is still very challenging.In this study,we disclose the regulating factors of ultrasound responsiveness of homopolymer nanoparticles and the disaggregation behavior of homopolymer nanoparticle aggregates.Homopolymer nanoparticles such as vesicles and large compound micelles(LCMs)are self-assembled from poly(methoxyethyl methacrylate)(PMEMA)and poly(amic acid)(PAA),respectively.The ultrasound responsiveness of PAA vesicles at metastable state could be regulated by tuning the self-assembly temperature(7^),and was optimized when Ts is around the glass transition temperature(7g)of PAA.However,the PMEMA LCMs did not respond to ultrasound as they are at stable state.On the other hand,poly(2-(2-ethoxyethoxy)ethyl acrylate)(PEEA)could self-assemble into vesicle aggregates or complex micelle aggregates,which were dissociated upon sonication.Overall,the above findings provide us with a fresh in sight for designing ultrasound-responsive polymeric nanoparticles.     

Controlled stacking of charged block copolymer micelles

Using poly(acrylic acid)-b-poly(methyl acrylate)-b-polystyrene (PAA-b-PMA-b-PS) triblock copolymers or a mixture of different molecular weight PAA-b-PS diblock copolymers, stacks of polymeric micellar assemblies, such as disks and Y-shaped cylinders, were formed through intermicellar interactions. Whereas micelles hierarchically stacked together, micellar interactions within the stack defined a uniform micelle geometry and size for up to micrometers in length. The kinetic pathway dependence and stability of the stacked assemblies were studied, and possible intermicellar interactions between micelles within the stacks are proposed.     

含无规共聚组分的两嵌段聚合物A-b-(B-r-C)的合成以及自组装

通过原子转移自由基(ATRP)方法合成了其中一个嵌段是由2种单体无规共聚的两嵌段聚合物——聚丙烯酸肉桂酸乙酯-b-(聚苯乙烯-r-聚丙烯酸叔丁酯),(记为PCEA-b-(PtBA-r-PS)).讨论了聚合过程中影响分子量分布以及分子量控制的各种因素.通过氢核磁(1H-NMR)确定各嵌段的重复单元数分别为50,111,138.通过透射电镜(TEM)观察,研究了该嵌段聚合物在选择性溶剂1-氯癸烷以及环戊烷中的自组装行为,发现该嵌段聚合物在环己烷中直接分散可以形成有聚集倾向的短棒状或球形胶束,而在1-氯癸烷中直接分散得到的胶束,在膜表面随着1-氯癸烷溶剂的缓慢挥发可以组装得到具有规则微纳结构的相互连接的柱状胶束.     

Preparation and characterization of polyion complex micelles with a novel thermosensitive poly(2-isopropyl-2-oxazoline) shell via the complexation of oppositely charged block ionomers

Novel thermosensitive polyion complex (PIC) micelles were prepared in an aqueous medium based on the complexation of a pair of oppositely charged block ionomers, poly(2-isopropyl-2-oxazoline)-b-poly(amino acid)s (PiPrOx-b-PAA), containing thermosensitive PiPrOx segments. The controlled synthesis of PiPrOx-b-PAA was achieved via the ring-opening anionic polymerization of N-carboxyanhydrides (NCA) of either eta-benzyloxycarbonyl-l-lysine (Lys(Z)-NCA) or beta-benzyl-l-aspartate (BLA-NCA) with omega-amino-functionalized PiPrOx macroinitiators and the subsequent deprotection reaction under acidic or basic conditions. Gel permeation chromatography (GPC) and 1H NMR spectroscopy revealed that the syntheses of two block ionomers, poly(2-isopropyl-2-oxazoline)-b-poly(l-lysine) [PiPrOx-P(Lys)] and poly(2-isopropyl-2-oxazoline)-b-poly(aspartic acid) [PiPrOx-P(Asp)], proceeded almost quantitatively to give samples with a narrow molecular weight distribution (Mw/Mn 相似文献   

Gradient immobilization of a cell adhesion RGD peptide on thermal responsive surface for regulating cell adhesion and detachment

Using surface initiated atomic transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) and an injection method, a poly(N-isopropylacrylamide)-b-poly(acrylic acid)-g-RGD (PNIPAAm-b-PAA-g-RGD) gradient surface was prepared. First, a thermoresponsive surface with a constant thickness of PNIPAAm was fabricated, onto which the AA monomers were block copolymerized using the PNIPAAm macromolecules as initiators. During this process, a continuous injection method was employed to yield a molecular weight gradient of PAA on the underlying uniform PNIPAAm layer. RGD peptide was finally covalently immobilized onto the PAA gradient by carbodiimide chemistry. In vitro culture of HepG2 cells showed that immobilization of the RGD peptide could accelerate cell attachment, while the thermoresponsive layer beneath could effectively release the cells by simply lowering temperature. Thus, the PNIPAAm-b-PAA-g-RGD gradient surface, combining the thermal response with cell affinity properties, can well regulate the cell adhesion and detachment, which may thus be useful for investigation of cell-substrate interactions with a smaller number of samples.