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近年来,荧光成像技术为人们研究活体细胞及组织内的化学生物学过程提供了有效的研究工具,可以无损、实时、原位地以高时空分辨率实现对目标物进行生物荧光成像与分析。荧光成像技术在生物学、环境监测、临床诊断和药物发现等诸多研究领域发挥着越来越重要的作用。生物荧光成像技术的最新进展对发展新型小分子荧光染料及探针提出了更高的要求。激发和发射波长位于近红外光区(600~900 nm)的荧光染料及探针由于具有光毒性低、生物分子自发荧光干扰小、光散射低、组织穿透能力强等优点,非常适合用于生物荧光成像领域。通过将罗丹明分子中O桥原子用Si代替,得到了一类新型的探针分子--硅杂蒽类荧光探针。这类染料分子在保留了氧杂蒽荧光染料优越的光学性质的同时,光谱发生明显红移,满足了近红外荧光检测的要求,具有良好的生物相容性。本文综述了近年来基于硅杂蒽及其衍生物荧光探针的合成及在金属离子、pH值、小分子、生物酶等检测方面的研究进展,并且简要阐述了基于硅杂蒽类探针分子的识别检测机理以及其在生物成像等方面的应用。 相似文献
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采用时间分辨荧光技术, 检测了不同形态蛋白聚集体的荧光染料硫磺素T(ThT)荧光寿命. 利用蛋清溶菌酶体外制备了蛋白聚集体; 采用透射电子显微镜(TEM)及ThT稳态荧光检测了结合蛋白纤维生长的动力学曲线, 确定其形成寡聚体及纤维样聚集体的特征和时间. 通过时间相关单光子计数(TCSPC)技术测定了蛋清溶菌酶单体、 寡聚体和淀粉样纤维的ThT荧光寿命曲线, 并拟合、 计算其荧光寿命. 根据圆二色谱(CD)分析结果推测聚集体的结构不同导致其与ThT的结合状态不同, 从而影响ThT荧光寿命. 结果表明, 通过测定ThT荧光寿命可以区分蛋白单体、 寡聚体和纤维样聚集体, 并监测蛋白寡聚体的形成, 为后续病理蛋白聚集过程中形成寡聚体物质的监测提供了研究基础. 相似文献
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利用静电纺丝技术,以六氟异丙醇(HFIP)和水为溶剂,制备了环糊精(β-CD)含量为70%(质量分数)的聚乙烯醇(PVA)/β-CD纳米纤维,并经戊二醛(GA)交联处理得到了可用于染料吸附的PVA/GA/β-CD纳米纤维.通过红外光谱和扫描电子显微镜研究了交联反应前后纳米纤维组成和形貌的变化;考察了PVA/GA/β-CD纳米纤维对7种水溶性染料的吸附性能.结果表明,PVA/GA/β-CD纳米纤维对孔雀石绿、甲基紫和刚果红的吸附效果较好,最大吸附量分别为124.71,121.14和127.39 mg/g,4次吸附-解吸附循环后,染料去除率仍保持80%左右,在染料废水处理中具有良好的应用前景. 相似文献
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用ZorbaxSBC18柱对2 氨基 4 氯 5 甲基苯磺酸和4 氨基 5 甲氧基 2 甲基苯磺酸两种新型染料中间体进行了反相离子对色谱法的研究。以甲醇和2mmol L四丁基溴化铵,5mmol L磷酸二氢钠溶液为流动相,紫外检测波长215nm。可在15min内对这两种染料中间体分别进行杂质检测和纯度分析。线性范围均为0.2~2.0μg,回归方程分别为Y=648.3 71.2ρ,r=0.9995;Y=177.3 65.0ρ,r=0.9994。该方法可用于对这两种染料中间体产品质量的监控及产品真伪的辨别。 相似文献
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仿生光子晶体纤维的研究进展 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
光子晶体纤维是由光子晶体结构组成的纤维, 具有高饱和度的结构色彩; 其结合响应性材料或柔性基质可制备各种传感响应性光子晶体纤维, 在可穿戴智能传感设备方面具有应用潜力. 自然界中存在许多光子晶体纤维结构, 比如雪绒花花瓣的绒毛, 撒哈拉沙漠银蚂蚁的毛发, 黑嘴喜鹊羽毛等, 光子晶体纤维的研究对于取代传统纺织业的化学染料具有重要意义. 本综述总结了光子晶体纤维的概念、仿生制备方法、性能及相关应用, 并对光子晶体纤维在纺织业和智能传感领域的应用前景进行展望, 该综述对于发展光子晶体纤维的制备方法及潜在应用具有重要意义. 相似文献
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宝石样品的扫描电镜研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
用扫描电镜对马来西亚天然玉石、玻璃样品的表面微观形貌和结构进行观察研究,研究结果为宝石真伪及宝石类型与价值的昨别提供了简便,快速,可靠的无损检测方法及有效信息。 相似文献
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Characterization of sulfonated azo dyes and aromatic amines by pyrolysis gas chromatography/mass spectrometry 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Sixteen sulfonated and unsulfonated azo dyes as well as eleven sulfonated and unsulfonated aromatic amines were analyzed and qualitatively characterized by means of pyrolysis gas chromatography/mass spectrometry at different temperatures. Aniline and aminonaphthalene were found to be the dominant pyrolysis products of sulfonated aromatic amines and dyes. Azo dye and dye class specific key compounds such as benzidine, vinyl-p-base and 4-aminoazobenzene could be identified by pyrolysis gas chromatography/mass spectrometry of commercial acid, cationic, direct, reactive and solvent dyes. 500 degrees C was the optimal pyrolysis temperature for most of the pyrolyzed compounds. The method was applied to a dried sample of a textile wastewater concentrate from a dyeing process. Reactive azo dyes of the group of Remazol dyes and anthraquinone dyes could be identified as the major compounds of the sample. The finding of caprolactam (a printing additive) suggests that the wastewater contained effluent from a process of heat-activated printing with reactive dyes. p-Chloraniline, a banned aromatic amine, was identified. Chemical reduction of the wastewater sample prior to pyrolysis resulted in the release of volatile aromatic amines and aided the classification of several products of pyrolysis. 相似文献
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The removal of water-soluble sulphonated phenylazonaphthol dye effluents generated by textile industries is an important issue in wastewater treatment. Microbial treatment of environmental pollutants including dyes, with white rot fungi has received wide attention as a potential alternative for conventional methods in wastewater treatment. Three sulphonated phenylazonaphthol dyes with similar molecular structures Acid Orange 7, Acid Orange 8 and Mordant Violet 5 were selected and degraded by the white rot fungus Pleurotus ostreatus. Chemical instrumental analysis methods such as high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and capillary electrophoresis combined with electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (CE-ESI-MS) were used to identify the degraded dyes. Mordant Violet 5 had two degradation pathways when degraded by P. ostreatus. The first degradation pathway for Mordant Violet 5 was for trans structure and the cis-Mordant Violet 5 followed the second pathway. Acid Orange 8 and Acid Orange 7 had the same degradation mechanism as the first degradation mechanism for Mordant Violet 5, that is cleavage of azo bond at the naphthalene ring side where benzenesulfonic acid and 1,2-naphthoquinone are formed. 相似文献
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Soltzberg LJ Hagar A Kridaratikorn S Mattson A Newman R 《Journal of the American Society for Mass Spectrometry》2007,18(11):2001-2006
We have used MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry to characterize a selection of dyes from the Schweppe dye collection and pigments from the Tate Gallery collection. MALDI-TOF mass spectra of such samples are easily obtained and, through observation of both positive and negative ion spectra, provide a convenient, versatile method for dye characterization and identification. Such pairs of positive and negative ion spectra immediately distinguish between acidic and basic dyes and provide the characteristic mass of either the molecular ion or a simply related fragment ion. This approach is especially useful in situations where very small amounts of analyte are available, as in museum research and forensic analysis. In the case of textile dyes, we have carried out identification on material from single fibers and, with insoluble pigments, have begun to identify components of historically important pastel sticks from submicrogram samples. 相似文献
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Vanerková D Sakalis A Holcapek M Jandera P Voulgaropoulos A 《Rapid communications in mass spectrometry : RCM》2006,20(19):2807-2815
Electrochemical treatment of wastewaters containing azo dyes in the textile industry is a promising approach for their degradation. The monitoring of the course of the decomposition of azo dyes in wastewaters is essential due to the environmental impact of their degradation products. In this work, aqueous solutions of a simple azo dye with a low molecular weight (C.I. Acid Yellow 9) and more complex commercial dye (C.I. Reactive Black 5) were electrochemically treated in a laboratory-scale electrolytic cell in sodium chloride or ammonium acetate as supporting electrolytes. Ion-pairing reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with negative-ion electrospray ionization mass spectrometry is applied for the identification of electrochemical degradation products. In addition to simple inorganic salts, the formation of aromatic degradation products obtained due to the cleavage of azo bonds and further degradation reactions is shown, as well as chlorination where sodium chloride is the supporting electrolyte. Degradation mechanisms are suggested for the treatment with sodium chloride as the supporting electrolyte. 相似文献
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Andreotti A Bonaduce I Colombini MP Ribechini E 《Rapid communications in mass spectrometry : RCM》2004,18(11):1213-1220
Two analytical methods based on mass spectrometry were used in the characterisation of constituents of natural indigo prepared from the leaves of Indigofera tinctoria, and of shellfish purple prepared from the hypobranchial glandular secretions of Murex trunculus, following old recipes. On-line pyrolysis gas chromatography in the presence of hexamethyldisilazane followed by mass spectrometric analysis (Py-silylation/GC/MS), and direct exposure mass spectrometry (DE-MS), were used. Extensive fragmentation of indigoid dyes was obtained by Py-silylation/GC/MS. The following molecular markers were highlighted, which are useful for identification purposes: 1,2-dihydro-3H-indol-3-one for indigoid dyes, 1,3-dihydro-2H-indol-2-one for indirubine, and 6-bromo-1,2-dihydro-3H-indol-3-one for shellfish purple. Using DE-MS, 6,6'dibromoindigotine, monobromoindigotine and indigotine were identified as the main components, and the presence of tyrindoxyl, one of the dye precursors, was also assessed. 相似文献
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Dilara Akhmerova Alina Krylova Andrey Stavrianidi Oleg Shpigun Igor Rodin 《Chromatographia》2017,80(11):1701-1709
The aim of this work was to develop a new technique using flow injection analysis combined with LC–ESI–MS which allows identification of dyes in ballpoint pen inks. A sample preparation procedure for the extraction of dyes from ballpoint pen strokes has been developed. The characteristic group of ions for each sample of 21 studied ballpoint pen inks corresponding to the present dyes has been determined using flow injection method. LC separation conditions for identified dyes have been optimized on reversed-phase sorbent based on silica gel. The best composition of the mobile phase for the dyes mixture LC separation was 0.1% aqueous formic acid and acetonitrile. Detection of dyes was carried out using mass spectrometry with electrospray ionization in positive and negative modes after reversed-phase liquid chromatography separation. Dye composition of ink was additionally confirmed comparing the data obtained from the literature. Flow injection analysis allows obtaining intensive ions of unknown strokes. It is difficult to get this information using only chromatographic methods, because dyes peak intensity can be low and noise of basic line high. Flow injection method allows distinguishing the analyzed 21 ballpoint pens by determining a characteristic set of dyes. The developed flow injection technique is very simple and quick. As a result, a novel approach for the identification of dyes in the ballpoint pen inks by flow injection analysis with LC–ESI–MS and UV detection without using standard dye samples has been established. It can be an effective alternative to the existing LC–DAD–MS and IR spectroscopy methods. 相似文献
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A Novel Kinetic Approach for Photocatalytic Degradation of Azo Dye with CdS and Ag/CdS Nanoparticles Fixed on a Cement Bed in a Continuous‐Flow Photoreactor 下载免费PDF全文
Azo dyes are one of the synthetic dyes that have been used in many textile industries. Azo dye and their intermediate products are toxic, carcinogenic, and mutagenic to aquatic life. Removal of azo dyes is one of the main challenges before releasing the wastes discharged by textile industries. Photocatalytic degradation of azo dyes by nanoparticles is one of the environment‐friendly methods used for the removal of dyes from textile effluents. Therefore, this study focused on degradation of azo dye, Direct Red 264. Photocatalytic degradation of DR 264 azo dye was investigated using CdS and Ag/CdS nanoparticles immobilized on a cement bed in a continuous‐flow photoreactor under UV‐C exposure. The effect of the parameters of type and mass of catalyst, temperature, flow rate, dye concentration, and light intensity were evaluated for azo dye removal. Under optimal conditions, photocatalytic degradation of DR 264 azo dye using Ag/CdS nanoparticles immobilized on a cement bed in a continuous‐flow photoreactor obtained an efficiency of 99.99%. A developed kinetic model was proposed based on the intrinsic elementary reactions. The proposed model is in a good agreement with the Langmuir–Hinshelwood (L–H) equation. The pseudo–steady‐state approximation has considered for the concentration of hydroxyl radicals associated with the L–H model under certain conditions and explains consistently the dependence of the apparent kinetic parameter, kobs (the reaction rate constant), and KR (the adsorption equilibrium constant) with the light intensity. Based on the model, kobs for Ag/CdS was greater than the CdS nanoparticles. 相似文献
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Electrochromatography with its high chromatographic performance has been coupled with electrospray mass spectrometry (MS) for the analysis of non-ionic disperse textile dyes. Electrochromatography offers an alternative to micellar electrokinetic capillary chromatography (MECC) for the analysis of uncharged compounds in conjunction with MS, since MECC generally relies on MS incompatible compounds for micelle formation. Overall, the technique of electrochromatography-MS should find application in many areas. 相似文献
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Serrano A Sousa MM Hallett J Lopes JA Oliveira MC 《Analytical and bioanalytical chemistry》2011,401(2):735-743
A new analytical approach based on high-performance liquid chromatography with diode array detector (HPLC-DAD) and multivariate
data analysis was applied and assessed for analyzing the red dye extracted from cochineal insects, used in precious historical
textiles. The most widely used method of analysis involves quantification of specific minor compounds (markers), using HPLC-DAD.
However, variation in the cochineal markers concentration, use of aggressive dye extraction methods and poor resolution of
HPLC chromatograms can compromise the identification of the precise insect species used in the textiles. In this study, a
soft extraction method combined with a new dye recovery treatment was developed, capable of yielding HPLC chromatograms with
good resolution, for the first time, for historical cochineal-dyed textiles. After principal components analysis (PCA) and
mass spectrometry (MS), it was possible to identify the cochineal species used in these textiles, in contrast to the accepted
method of analysis. In order to compare both methodologies, 7 cochineal species and 63 historical cochineal insect specimens
were analyzed using the two approaches, and then compared with the results for 15 historical textiles in order to assess their
applicability to real complex samples. The methodology developed here was shown to provide more accurate and consistent information
than the traditional method. Almost all of the historical textiles were dyed with Porphyrophora sp. insects. These results emphasize the importance of adopting the proposed methodology for future research on cochineal
(and related red dyes). Mild extraction methods and HPLC-DAD/MSn analysis yield distinctive profiles, which, in combination with a PCA reference database, are a powerful tool for identifying
red insect dyes. 相似文献