ABS工程塑料中铅、铬(Ⅵ)、镉及汞含量测定

用浓硫酸与浓硝酸(1 5)的混合酸消解ABS工程塑料试样,消解过程中铅(Ⅱ)以PbSO4形式沉淀,用乙酸铵溶解PbSO4沉淀后在乙酸盐缓冲溶液中用火焰原子吸收光谱法(FAAS)测定铅,检出限为0.088 mg·L-1.溶液中镉(Ⅱ)也用FAAS法测定,其检出限为0.074 mg·L-1,溶液中汞采用氢化物发生,冷原子蒸气-原子吸收光谱法测定,其检出限为0.64 μg·L-1.六价铬采用二苯基羰酰二肼光度法测定,检出限为0.039 mg·L-1.对方法的精密度及回收率作了试验,测得相对标准偏差(n=7)均小于3.5%,回收率在91.8%～106.0%之间.     

人工神经网络光致发光法同时测定α-萘乙酸和吲哚-3-乙酸

研究了酸度、有机溶剂、重原子效应和共存物对α-萘乙酸(NAA)及吲哚-3-乙酸(IAA)光致发光性质的影响,建立了人工神经网络不经分离同时测定NAA和IAA的新方法。该法测定NAA和IAA的线性范围分别是0.012~0.24 mg.L-1和0.0034~0.068 mg.L-1(荧光)0、.18~1.8 mg.L-1和0.18~1.8 mg.L-1(燐光),检出限分别为0.0039 mg.L-1和0.0019 mg.L-1(荧光)0、.14 mg.L-1和0.13 mg.L-1(燐光)。方法用于合成样和水样测定,回收率在93%~109%之间,结果满意。     

单扫描示波极谱法测定非那雄胺

在0.01 mol.L-1HCl-2.5×10-5mol.L-1十二烷基三甲基氯化铵-水-乙醇溶液(21 4)底液中,采用单扫描示波极谱法测定,非那雄胺在-1.27 V(vs.SCE)处有一灵敏的极谱还原波。二阶导数峰电流I″p与非那雄胺浓度在1.0~10.0 mg.L-1范围内呈线性关系,相关系数为0.999 6(n=6),检出限为0.2 mg.L-1。连续11次平行测定2.0 mg.L-1非那雄胺还原波峰电流,相对标准偏差为1.3%。此方法用于片剂中非那雄胺含量的测定,其回收率在99.7%~105.2%之间。     

流动注射化学发光法测定奥美拉唑

研究发现,在硝酸介质中,Ce(Ⅳ)氧化连二亚硫酸钠产生较弱的化学发光,奥美拉唑可以大大增强此发光,由此结合流动注射技术,建立了测定奥美拉唑的流动注射化学发光新方法。该法的线性范围为0.3~10 mg.L-1,检出限(3σ)为0.16 mg.L-1,对3.0 mg.L-1的奥美拉唑连续平行测定11次,其相对标准偏差(RSD)为3.5%。用该法测定了奥美拉唑肠溶胶囊含量,结果令人满意。     

微波消解样品-火焰原子吸收光谱法测定焦炭灰中钾、钠含量

0.100 0g焦炭灰样品经氢氟酸-硝酸(1+3)溶液8mL消解,用火焰原子吸收光谱法测定其中钾和钠的含量。钾和钠的质量浓度分别在4mg.L-1及2mg.L-1以内与其吸光度呈线性关系,检出限(3σ)分别为12μg.L-1及6μg.L-1。方法用于分析焦炭灰标准物质,测定值与认定值相符,钾和钠的相对标准偏差(n=11)依次在2.7%～3.8%和1.3%～3.1%之间。     

火焰原子吸收光谱法测定食用油脂中钠含量

食用油脂样品经正己烷溶解,硝酸(1+99)溶液萃取,离心后取水相用火焰原子吸收光谱法测定其中钠离子的含量。钠离子的质量浓度在0.2～4.0mg.L-1范围内与吸光度呈线性关系,检出限(3s)为0.004 7mg.L-1。以橄榄油样品为基体,加入钠标准溶液按试验方法分析,测得回收率在72.4%～89.2%之间,测定值的相对标准偏差(n=6)在1.3%～2.8%之间。     

流动注射化学发光法测定痕量邻苯二酚

基于稀盐酸介质中,邻苯二酚被氯酸钾氧化,产生化学发光反应,提出了流动注射化学发光法测定痕量邻苯二酚的方法。在优化的试验条件下,邻苯二酚的化学发光强度与其质量浓度在1.0×10-4~1.0×10-2mg.L-1范围内呈线性关系,方法的检出限(3S/N)为3.9×10-5mg.L-1。对质量浓度为1.0×10-3mg.L-1邻苯二酚溶液连续测定11次,测定值的相对标准偏差为3.4%。取天然水样,经固相萃取后用该法测定其中痕量邻苯二酚含量,加标回收率为97.8%~100.3%。     

高效液相色谱法测定丰城鸡血藤中四种黄酮类化合物

用HPLC法测定了丰城鸡血藤中的大豆黄素、染料木黄酮、异甘草素、美皂异黄酮含量。鸡血藤中黄酮用80%乙醇溶液(含盐酸10%)提取水解。采用Symm etry C18柱,以0.1%磷酸-乙腈为流动相,梯度洗脱,流速0.8 mL.m in-1,紫外双波长检测:λ1=260 nm(大豆黄素、染料木黄酮、美皂异黄酮)和λ2=370 nm(异甘草素)。大豆黄素、染料木黄酮、异甘草素、美皂异黄酮线性范围分别为2.08~208 mg.L-1(r=0.999 9)、0.96~96 mg.L-1(r=0.999 9)、1.12~44.8 mg.L-1(r=0.999 9)、1.16~116 mg.L-1(r=0.999 9),回收率在92%~103%之间,RSD(n=4)为0.75%~4.69%。实验结果表明该法快速、简便、准确可靠。     

丁二酮肟修饰固体银汞合金电极伏安法测定痕量钴

根据文献[4]采用银粉、丁二酮肟与汞混合制成的汞合金糊涂布在固体石蜡碳糊电极表面,制作修饰汞合金电极,并应用于线性扫描伏安法测定痕量钴。在pH 6.0的氯化铵-柠檬酸铵缓冲溶液中,钴(Ⅱ)-丁二酮肟配合物于-1.18 V出现灵敏度的还原峰,钴(Ⅱ)的质量浓度在0.10~2.0 mg.L-1范围内与峰高呈线性关系,方法的检出限(3s/k)为0.02 mg.L-1。对0.10 mg.L-1钴(Ⅱ)溶液进行11次平行测定,相对标准偏差(n=11)为1.93%。该法已用于2件水样中钴含量的测定,平均回收率分别为98.8%及105.1%。     

火焰原子吸收光谱法测定稀土镁硅铁合金中镁

稀土镁硅铁合金试样经氢氟酸和硝酸溶解后,用火焰原子吸收光谱法测定试样溶液中镁的含量。测定时,加入释放剂镧(Ⅲ)溶液,以消除共存物的干扰。镁的质量浓度在0.2~12.0 mg.L-1范围以内与其吸光度呈线性关系,方法的检出限(3s)为0.057 mg.L-1。方法用于两个稀土镁硅铁合金样品分析,加标回收率分别为99.4%,97.6%,相对标准偏差(n=11)分别为0.89%,0.43%。     

二氧化碳和丙烯直接合成甲基丙烯酸的NiPMo/TiO2催化剂的研究

用溶胶-凝胶法以磷钼酸(MPA)的镍盐溶液水解钛酸四丁酯制备了NiPMo/TiO2催化剂.使用ICP、 XRD、 TG-DTA、 IR、 TPD-MS和微反应技术研究了催化剂的化学组成、热稳定性、化学吸附性质和催化反应性能.杂多钼酸盐与TiO2通过O2-在TiO2表面发生了键合.在623 K下,杂多阴离子仍保持原有的Keggin结构.CO2在Lewis酸位Ni(Ⅱ)和Lewis碱位Ni-O-Mo的桥氧协同作用下生成CO2卧式吸附态Ni(Ⅱ)←O-(CO)←(O--Ni).丙烯有多种吸附态在催化剂上吸附.在563 K、 1 MPa和空速1500 h-1的反应条件下,丙烯的摩尔转化率为3.2%,产物MAA选择性为95%.     

α-Amino acid derived enaminones and their application in the synthesis of N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates and other heterocycles

A new and simple synthesis of novel N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates, which exist in equilibrium with their 4-oxo tautomers, has been developed in two steps starting from N-protected α-amino acids. The key intermediates are enaminones, which can also be isolated, characterized, and used for the construction of other functionalized heterocycles, before they spontaneously decompose to pyrrole products. 4-Hydroxypyrroles are prone to partial aerial oxidation but can be efficiently alkylated or reduced to stable polysubstituted pyrrolidine derivatives.     

Specific intramolecular aromatic CH insertion of diazosulfonamides

The chemoselectivity in the intramolecular CH insertion of various diazosulfonamides has been experimentally studied. The results reveal that the aliphatic 1,4-, 1,5-, or 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions of diazosulfonamides are not accessible, while the aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion can be realized specifically by adjusting the diazo-adjacent group. In addition, the general chemoselectivities in the intramolecular CH insertions of diazosulfonyl compounds are summarized. Generally, diazosulfones undergo both aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H and aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions, while diazosulfonates undergo aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions. However, diazosulfonamides only undergo aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion.     

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes: synthesis,characterization and their applications in the C-N coupling and α-arylation of ketones using aryl chlorides

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes 3 were successfully achieved in a one-pot procedure under mild conditions. The structure of 3a was unambiguously confirmed by X-ray single crystal diffraction and it was an active catalyst in the Buchwald-Hartwig amination and α-arylation of ketones even at very low catalyst loadings (0.01?mol%).     

Iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction using terminal alkyne as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines and fused-nitrogen heterocycles

An efficient iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction in dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO) using terminal alkynes as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of aryl (9H-pyrido[3,4-b]indol-1-yl)methanones is described. The scope of the protocol includes the total synthesis of Fascaplysin, Eudistomins Y₁ and Y₂. The methodology is extended for preparing pyrrolo[1,2-a]-quinoxaline and indolo[1,5-a]quinoxaline derivatives. The utility of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines was demonstrated by performing palladium-catalyzed β-carboline directed ortho-C(sp2)-H functionalization of the phenyl ring with thiomethyl (SMe) group using DMSO as source and for accessing 4-aryl-canthin-6-ones.     

Facile synthesis of bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-ones

In this Letter, we described a facile method for constructing fused bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-one ring system. We employed various methylene-containing carboxylic acids as the substrates and proved that the pyrazolone ring closure requires activated methylene group in intermediate II. Accordingly, a series of structurally diversified, fused bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-ones was prepared in moderate to high yields using the requisite substrates.     

CoFe2O4自形成磁性液体场致结构化对磁化的影响

The Langevin paramagnetic theory can’t describe the relation between magnetization of ferrofluids and applied magnetic field. The structuralization of ferrofluids, which is considered the main influence factor of the magnetization, is regarded. The part of magnetization works is deposited when the structure is forming. This action influences the magnetization of ferrofluids directly or indirectly. On the base of the “compressing” model, the Langevin function that usually describes the magnetization of ferrofluid is modified, and a well-fitted curve is obtained. An equation of the relation between the equivalent volume fraction after being “compressed” and the intensity of magnetic field is discovered, which approximately describes the process of magnetization. The relation between the approximate initial susceptibility and the volume fraction can be obtained from modified formula.     

Highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of 2,4-dichloropyridine enabling a novel approach to 2,4-bisanilinopyridine (BAPyd) libraries

The highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of the cheap and readily accessible reagent, 2,4-dichloropyridine with a range of anilines and heterocyclic amines is described. This new methodology is robust and provides a facile access to 4-chloro-N-phenylpyridin-2-amines on 0.25 mol scale. These intermediates undergo a further Buchwald–Hartwig amination at higher temperature to enable rapid exploration of the chemical space at C-4 and to provide a library of 2,4-bisaminopyridines.     

Sulfur-directed metal-free and regiospecific methyl C(sp3)–H imidation of thioanisoles

Regiospecific and direct imidation of the methyl C(sp³)–H bond of thioanisoles is realized under mild and metal-free conditions with N-fluorobis(benzenesulfonyl)imide as an oxidant and nitrogen source. Proposed mechanism suggests that thionium ion intermediates and a Pummerer-type reaction are involved. The imidation has advantages such as high step-economy, excellent functionality tolerance, and regiospecificity, giving structurally diverse imidation products.