具有磁性-多色发光-热性能的MWCNTs负载NaGdF4:Tb3+,Eu3+多功能复合纳米材料

采用液相法成功制备了MWCNTs负载NaGdF_4∶Tb~(3+),Eu~(3+)纳米粒子的磁光热多功能复合纳米材料,并用XRD,SEM和EDS对其结构、组成和形貌进行了表征,结果表明:NaGdF_4∶Tb~(3+),Eu~(3+)纳米粒子为六方晶相,形貌为球形且尺寸分布均匀,直径大约为25 nm,并且均匀的包覆在MWCNTs的表面;通过PL,VSM和HTC对复合纳米材料的发光性能,磁性能和光热转换性能进行了表征,采用MTT法对多功能复合纳米材料的生物相容性进行了评估,结果表明:MWCNTs-NaGdF_4∶Tb~(3+),Eu~(3+)复合纳米材料具有良好的多色发光性能、磁性能、光热转换性能、低的毒性和良好的生物相容性。该种磁光热多功能复合纳米材料在生物标记、生物成像、肿瘤诊疗等领域有着广泛的应用前景。     

KMgF3∶Ce3+,Tb3+纳米粒子中Ce3+→Tb3+的发光及能量传递

利用微乳液方法,合成了铈、铽共掺杂的氟镁钾纳米粒子,研究了体系中Ce³⁺→Tb³⁺的发光特性以及它们之间的相互作用,结果表明KMgF₃∶Ce³⁺,Tb³⁺纳米粒子中存在Ce³⁺→Tb³⁺的能量传递过程,即Ce³⁺可以将吸收的能量直接传递给Tb³⁺离子,使得Tb³⁺的绿色发光强度大为增加。     

CaSb2O6:Bi3+,Eu3+荧光粉的制备和发光性质

采用共沉淀法及1 200 ℃后续煅烧4 h,成功制备了CaSb₂O₆:Bi³⁺,Eu³⁺荧光粉,并对其结构及发光性能进行了研究。所制备荧光粉颗粒为六边形类圆饼状,平均尺寸在100~600 nm之间。对CaSb₂O₆:Bi³⁺,Eu³⁺发光的机理分析表明,Bi³⁺对Eu³⁺的发光存在高效的敏化与能量传递。当Bi³⁺和Eu³⁺的掺杂浓度分别为0.5%和8%,Eu³⁺位于580 nm(⁵D₀→⁷F₀ )处的荧光发射显著增强,Bi³⁺,Eu³⁺共掺样品的荧光强度是CaSb₂O₆:Eu³⁺的10倍左右。调节Bi³⁺/Eu³⁺离子掺杂比,色坐标呈现了从蓝、白光到红光的变化,表明该荧光粉可分别作为蓝或红色荧光粉使用,甚至可实现从蓝、白光到红光的自由调控,这为白光LED荧光粉的发展提供了参考。     

Ca9Y(PO4)7:Ce3+,Tb3+纳米荧光粉的制备及发光性能

采用水热法制备出Ca₉Y（PO₄）₇：Ce³⁺,Tb³⁺纳米荧光粉,通过XRD、SEM和荧光光谱等对样品进行了分析,研究在Ca₉Y（PO₄）₇基质中引入Ce³⁺,Tb³⁺离子对发光性能的影响规律。研究发现因Tb³⁺离子自身能量交叉驰豫的存在,使得单掺Tb³⁺时,通过调节Tb³⁺离子的浓度可以实现对发光颜色的控制。同时研究了Ce³⁺-Tb³⁺之间的能量传递为电多极相互作用的偶极-四极机制,Ce³⁺-Tb³⁺之间最大的能量传递效率为55.6%。Ca₉Y（PO₄）₇：Ce³⁺,Tb³⁺的发光颜色可以通过激活离子之间的能量传递和共发射得到可控调节。SEM分析表明荧光粉颗粒尺寸在100 nm左右,分散性好。     

纳米SrAl2O4∶Eu2+，Dy3+长余辉发光材料的制备与性能

采用水热-均匀共沉淀法制备了纳米SrAl₂O₄∶Eu²⁺,Dy³⁺长余辉发光材料。通过XRD、TEM、荧光光谱、热释光谱对其结构和性能进行分析。XRD结果表明所制备的SrAl₂O₄∶Eu²⁺,Dy³⁺纳米发光材料为单相,属单斜晶系。TEM测试表明纳米SrAl₂O₄∶Eu²⁺,Dy³⁺发光材料为规则的球状粒子,粒径为50~80 nm,且分散性良好。激发和发射光谱测试表明,样品的激发光谱是峰值在356 nm的连续宽带谱,发射光谱是峰值位于512 nm的宽带谱,与SrAl₂O₄∶Eu²⁺,Dy³⁺粗晶材料相比,激发和发射光谱都出现了“蓝移”现象。样品的热释光峰值位于358 K,适合于产生长余辉。     

沉淀法合成蓝色长余辉发光材料Sr2MgSi2O7∶Eu2+，Dy3+

采用沉淀法制备了高亮度的长余辉发光材料Sr₂MgSi₂O₇∶Eu²⁺,Dy³⁺。通过XRD、荧光光谱和热释光谱对其进行表征。XRD测试表明所制备的Sr₂MgSi₂O₇∶Eu²⁺,Dy³⁺为单相,四方晶。荧光光谱测试表明,用λ_em=467 nm作为监控波长,在275~450 nm之间有宽的激发光谱,峰值位于399 nm。用λ_ex=399 nm激发样品,其发射光谱为一宽带,峰值位于467 nm。1 050 ℃煅烧前躯体所制备的Sr₂MgSi₂O₇∶Eu²⁺,Dy³⁺发光性能最好。热释光谱峰值位于357 K,适合长余辉现象的产生。对Sr₂MgSi₂O₇∶Eu²⁺,Dy³⁺长余辉发光机理进行了讨论。     

水热-微波法合成纳米晶长余辉发光材料Y2O2S∶Eu3+，Mg，Ti

采用新型水热-微波法合成了纳米晶长余辉发光材料Y₂O₂S∶Eu³⁺,Mg,Ti。通过XRD、TEM、荧光光谱对其进行表征。X射线衍射测试表明所制备的Y₂O₂S∶Eu³⁺,Mg,Ti纳米发光材料为单相,六方晶。透射电子显微镜(TEM)测试表明所制备的Y₂O₂S∶Eu³⁺,Mg,Ti纳米发光材料粒径小,分布集中。激发和发射光谱测试表明Eu³⁺离子能有效地掺入硫氧化钇基质中,并具有良好的发光性能。余辉光谱测试表明其余辉颜色为红色,具有良好的余辉效果。     

共沉淀-熔盐法制备BaMoO4∶Eu3+及其发光性能研究

以KCl-NaCl为熔盐,采用共沉淀前躯体-熔盐辅助焙烧法合成了红色发光材料BaMoO₄∶Eu³⁺。运用X射线粉末衍射(XRD)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)及荧光光谱(PL)等测试手段,研究了熔盐辅助焙烧温度对粉体相结构、形貌和发光性能的影响,并对比了直接采用共沉淀法合成BaMoO₄∶Eu³⁺的结构与发光性能。结果表明：采用两种方法制备的BaMoO₄∶Eu³⁺均是纯相,粒径随温度升高而增大。当KCl-NaCl复合熔盐焙烧温度大于700 ℃,BaMoO₄晶粒在熔盐中实现了(111)面取向生长,得到均一的尖晶石型BaMoO₄∶Eu³⁺微晶。光谱研究表明：共沉淀前躯体-熔盐辅助焙烧法合成样品在615 nm处的Eu³⁺的⁵D₀-⁷F₂发射明显得到加强,样品发出明亮的红色发射光。     

LiBa0.95-yBO3:0.05Tb3+,yBi3+荧光粉的制备及荧光性质

以硼酸和碳酸盐为原料,用高温固相法制备了可被（近）紫外光（369、254 nm）有效激发的Tb³⁺单掺杂LiBa_1-xBO₃：xTb³⁺（物质的量分数x=0.02、0.03、0.04、0.05、0.06、0.07）及Bi³⁺和Tb³⁺共掺杂LiBa_0.95-yBO₃：0.05Tb³⁺,yBi³⁺（物质的量分数y=0.02、0.03、0.04、0.05、0.06、0.07）的2个系列荧光粉,产物的结构和形貌分别用粉末X射线衍射（PXRD）和扫描电子显微镜进行表征。PXRD测定结果表明2个系列的产物均为纯相LiBaBO₃。通过对第一系列产物荧光光谱的测定,筛选出发光强度最好的产物,据此确定铽离子的最佳掺杂量;在此基础上制备出铋离子掺杂量不同的第二系列荧光粉。荧光光谱测定的实验结果表明,Tb³⁺/Bi³⁺共掺杂的荧光粉的发光强度好于Tb³⁺单掺杂的荧光粉,这说明Bi³⁺对Tb³⁺有敏化作用;而且随着Bi³⁺掺杂量的增加,产物的荧光强度表现出先增加后减小的趋势,当Bi³⁺的掺杂量y=0.03时,产物的荧光强度达到最大。Bi³⁺和Tb³⁺之间存在偶极-四极相互作用而进行能量传递。系列荧光粉的CIE坐标显示其发光颜色在一定程度上呈现出由绿色光到白光的渐变趋势。     

Eu3+掺杂的LaPO4和LaAlO3纳米体系及其发光性质

Eu³⁺离子掺杂的LaPO₄纳米线或纳米棒通过一种简单的水热反应方法被成功地合成出来. 水热反应条件以及生成产物的烧结条件对LaPO₄基质材料的形貌和结构的影响, 通过扫描电子显微镜和X射线衍射等表征手段进行了研究. 生成物的物相和形貌可以通过改变反应条件得到很好的控制. LaAlO₃也是一种很重要的无机材料, 其粉末状态有较高活性和选择性, 因而作为催化剂被广泛研究. 其体相材料因具有钙钛矿结构, 与Y-Ba-Cu-O和Bi-Sr-Ca-Cu-O等超导体系有很好的点阵匹配和热扩散匹配. 稀土离子掺杂的镧系化合物的光致发光性不仅与基质材料的组成结构有关, 而且与晶体的形貌和尺寸也有关, 所以Eu³⁺离子分别被掺入到单斜晶系独居石结构的LaPO₄和钙钛矿结构的LaAlO₃中以作对比实验. 为了了解反应物周围环境对产物性质的影响, LaPO₄:Eu³⁺和LaAlO₃:Eu³⁺的纳米颗粒同时用共沉淀法制得. 不同形貌的LaPO₄:Eu³⁺纳米体系的发光强度略有不同. 掺杂的单斜晶系独居石结构的LaPO₄和钙钛矿结构的LaAlO₃纳米颗粒发光最强时, Eu³⁺离子的最佳掺杂摩尔百分比分别为5.0%和3.5%. 在适当的紫外光照射下, LaAlO₃:Eu³⁺ (3.5 mol%) 比LaPO₄:Eu³⁺ (5.0 mol%) 发射更亮的红光, 这是由于两者有不同的自旋轨道耦合和共价键, 这表明在纳米尺度下, LaAlO₃也是一种很好的稀土离子掺杂的基质材料.     

CaWO4:xEu3+,ySm3+,zLi+红色荧光粉的制备及光学性能

采用微波固相法制备了CaWO₄：xEu³⁺,ySm³⁺,zLi⁺红色荧光粉。测量样品的XRD图、激发谱、发射谱及发光衰减曲线,研究并分析了Eu³⁺、Sm³⁺、Li⁺的掺杂浓度,对样品微结构、光致发光特性、能量传递及能级寿命的影响。结果表明,Eu³⁺、Sm³⁺、Li⁺掺杂并未引起合成粉体改变晶相,仍为CaWO₄单一四方晶系结构。Eu³⁺、Sm³⁺共掺样品中,Sm³⁺掺杂为3%时,Sm³⁺对Eu³⁺的能量传递最有效。Li⁺掺杂起到了助熔剂和敏化剂的作用,使样品发光更强。在394 nm激发下,与CaWO₄：3%Eu³⁺样品比较,3%Eu³⁺、3%Sm³⁺共掺CaWO₄及3%Eu³⁺、3%Sm³⁺、1%Li⁺共掺CaWO₄样品的发光分别增强2倍及2.4倍。同一激发波长下,单掺Eu³⁺样品寿命最短,Sm³⁺、Eu³⁺共掺样品随Sm³⁺浓度增加,寿命先减小后增加,且掺杂了Li⁺的样品比不掺Li⁺的样品⁵D₀能级寿命有所增加。     

Sensitization of Tb3+ luminescence with Ce3+ in LaOBr: Tb3+, Ce3+

Luminescence emission and uv-excitation properties of LaOBr: Tb³⁺, LaOBr: Ce³⁺, and LaOBr: Tb³⁺, Ce³⁺ phosphors were studied. The visible emission spectra of La_0.995Tb_0.005OBr consists of⁵D_3,4 →⁷F_3–6 transitions in the wavelength range of 410–630 nm. The excitation of the Tb³⁺ ion gives a broad 4f → 5d transition band at 254 nm and weaker4f → 4f transition lines above 300 nm. The uv-excitation and emission of La_0.995Ce_0.005OBr at 290, 315, 355 (excitation), and 440 nm (emission) originate from transitions between the 4f-ground state and the four crystal field components of the5d²D excited state. The sensitization of Tb³⁺ luminescence in LaOBr with Ce³⁺ at varying concentrations is described and discussed. With increasing Ce³⁺ concentration the ⁵D₃ →⁷F transitions of Tb³⁺ quench totally and the⁵D₄ →⁷F transitions begin to quench gradually. The excitation spectrum of the⁵D₄ →⁷F₅ transition of Tb³⁺ consists of four bands due to Tb³⁺ and Ce³⁺, of which the three Ce³⁺ bands increase in intensity and the Tb³⁺ band decreases as the Ce³⁺ concentration is increased.     

Electronic excitation energy transfer between Tb3+ and Eu3+ in DMSO

Excitation of Tb³⁺ and Eu³⁺ in DMSO with 487 mμ, which corresponds to the ⁷F₆ → ⁵D₄ transition of Tb³⁺, is accompanied by a reduction in the fluorescence efficiency of Tb³⁺ as [Eu³⁺] increases and by the appearance of a weak emission from Eu³⁺. An average rate constant for both the fluorescence quenching of Tb³⁺ and the energy transfer from Tb³⁺ to Eu³⁺ with subsequent emission from the latter, was found to be (2.2 ± 0.4) × 10³ M^?1 sec^?1.     

Mechanistic Insight into Energy-Transfer Dynamics and Color Tunability of Na4CaSi3O9:Tb3+,Eu3+ for Warm White LEDs

In this work, a latent energy-transfer process in traditional Eu³⁺,Tb³⁺-doped phosphors is proposed and a new class of Eu³⁺,Tb³⁺-doped Na₄CaSi₃O₉ (NCSO) phosphors is presented which is enabled by luminescence decay dynamics that optimize the electron-transfer energy process. Relative to other Eu³⁺,Tb³⁺-doped phosphors, the as-synthesized Eu³⁺,Tb³⁺-doped NCSO phosphors show improved large-scale tunable emission color from green to red upon UV excitation, controlled by the Tb³⁺/Eu³⁺ doping ratio. Detailed spectroscopic measurements in the vacuum ultraviolet (VUV)/UV/Vis region were used to determine the Eu³⁺–O²⁻ charge-transfer energy, 4f–5d transition energies, and the energies of 4f excited multiplets of Eu³⁺ and Tb³⁺ with different 4f^N electronic configurations. The Tb³⁺→Eu³⁺ energy-transfer pathway in the co-doped sample was systematically investigated, by employing luminescence decay dynamics analysis to elucidate the relevant energy-transfer mechanism in combination with the appropriate model simulation. To demonstrate their application potential, a prototype white-light-emitting diode (WLED) device was successfully fabricated by using the yellow luminescence NCSO:0.03Tb³⁺, 0.05Eu³⁺ phosphor with high thermal stability and a BaMgAl₁₀O₁₇:Eu²⁺ phosphor in combination with a near-UV chip. These findings open up a new avenue to realize and develop multifunctional high-performance phosphors by manipulating the energy-transfer process for practical applications.     

La7O6(BO3)(PO4)2:Eu3+/Tb3+荧光材料的制备及其光致发光性能

采用优化的高温固相方法制备了稀土离子Eu³⁺和Tb³⁺掺杂的La₇O₆（BO₃）（PO₄）₂系荧光材料,并对其物相行为、晶体结构、光致发光性能和热稳定性进行了详细研究。结果表明,La₇O₆（BO₃）（PO₄）₂：Eu³⁺材料在紫外光激发下能够发射出红光,发射光谱中最强发射峰位于616 nm处,为⁵D₀→⁷F₂特征能级跃迁,Eu³⁺的最优掺杂浓度为0.08,对应的CIE坐标为（0.610 2,0.382 3）;La₇O₆（BO₃）（PO₄）₂：Tb³⁺材料在紫外光激发下能够发射出绿光,发射光谱中最强发射峰位于544 nm处,对应Tb³⁺的⁵D₄→⁷F₅能级跃迁,Tb³⁺离子的最优掺杂浓度为0.15,对应的CIE坐标为（0.317 7,0.535 2）。此外,对2种材料的变温光谱分析发现Eu³⁺和Tb³⁺掺杂的La₇O₆（BO₃）（PO₄）₂荧光材料均具有良好的热稳定性。     

核壳结构Ag@BaGdF5:Yb3+,Ho3+多功能纳米复合材料的制备及其性能

采用简单的液相法制备了核壳结构的Ag@BaGdF_5∶Yb~(3+),Ho~(3+)纳米复合材料。XRD测试表明复合材料中含有立方相的Ag和立方相的BaGdF_5。电镜照片表明复合粒子为球形,包覆后颗粒变大,包覆层BaGdF_5∶Yb~(3+),Ho~(3+)的厚度约为14 nm。荧光光谱测试表明复合材料具有良好的上转换发光性能,以绿光发射最强,同时样品具有良好的顺磁性和光热转换性能。MTT测试表明复合材料具有良好的生物相容性,将其同HeLa细胞共同培养后用980 nm激光照射,具有明亮的绿色上转换荧光成像。将不同浓度的纳米复合材料和商用计算机断层扫描(CT)成像造影剂碘比醇进行比较,纳米复合材料具有更高的CT成像性能。在NIR照射下,纳米复合材料生成的热足以有效杀死HeLa细胞。     

Electrospinning preparation and properties of NaGdF4:Eu3+ nanowires

Eu³⁺ doped NaGdF₄ (NaGdF₄:Eu³⁺) nanocrystals in hexagonal crystal phase were prepared by a polyol method, and the size and morphology controllable NaGdF₄:Eu³⁺/PVP nano-composite fibers were obtained through the electrospinning technique, and then the NaGdF₄:Eu³⁺ nanowires were obtained by followed annealing. By changing the ratio of PVP to NaGdF₄ as well as the calcination temperature, the optimal conditions for synthesizing the NaGdF₄ nanowires were obtained, and the structural properties of the synthesized sample were characterized by powder X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns and field emission scanning electron micrographs (SEM) images. The luminescent properties of the NaGdF₄:Eu³⁺ nanocrystals and nanowires were also studied in this paper. We observed that the luminescent intensity of NaGdF₄:Eu³⁺ nanowires was greatly increased compared to the annealed NaGdF₄:Eu³⁺ nanocrystals at the same temperature.     

A new promising phosphor, Na3La2(BO3)3:Ln (Ln=Eu, Tb)

We present an efficient way to search a host for ultraviolet (UV) phosphor from UV nonlinear optical (NLO) materials. With the guidance, Na₃La₂(BO₃)₃ (NLBO), as a promising NLO material with a broad transparency range and high damage threshold, was adopted as a host material for the first time. The lanthanide ions (Tb³⁺ and Eu³⁺)-doped NLBO phosphors have been synthesized by solid-state reaction. Luminescent properties of the Ln-doped (Ln=Tb³⁺, Eu³⁺) sodium lanthanum borate were investigated under UV ray excitation. The emission spectrum was employed to probe the local environments of Eu³⁺ ions in NLBO crystal. For red phosphor, NLBO:Eu, the measured dominating emission peak was at 613 nm, which is attributed to ⁵D₀-⁷F₂ transition of Eu³⁺. The luminescence indicates that the local symmetry of Eu³⁺ in NLBO crystal lattice has no inversion center. Optimum Eu³⁺ concentration of NLBO:Eu³⁺ under UV excitation with 395 nm wavelength is about 30 mol%. The green phosphor, NLBO:Tb, showed bright green emission at 543 with 252 nm excited light. The measured concentration quenching curve demonstrated that the maximum concentration of Tb³⁺ in NLBO was about 20%. The luminescence mechanism of Ln-doped NLBO (Tb³⁺ and Eu³⁺) was analyzed. The relative high quenching concentration was also discussed.