噻烯衍生物的水相合成

探讨了无气味和稳定的1-[1,2-亚乙基(或1,3-亚丙基)二硫]亚甲基丙酮(1c)作为代硫醇试剂的水相噻烯合成反应。在4-十二烷基苯磺酸(DBSA)-水体系和回流条件下,1c与α-溴代酮/安息香(2)能有效地进行缩合反应,合成噻烯衍生物(3)。反应过程中没有闻到硫醇的恶臭气味。     

气相色谱中的衍生试剂及新进展

硅烷化试剂,烷基化试剂,酰基化试剂,缩合反应试剂等是气相色谱中常用的几种主要衍生试剂,本文对这几类常用的衍生试剂及新进展作了较为全面的阐述。     

肟的无气味硫缩醛/酮化反应

探讨了以无气味且稳定的α-羰基二硫缩烯酮(1)作为代硫醇试剂的肟(2)的硫缩醛/酮化反应. 在乙酰氯-乙醇(体积分数95%)或4-十二烷基苯磺酸(DBSA)-水体系中及回流条件下, 化合物1与肟2能有效地进行硫缩醛/酮化反应. 反应过程中未闻到硫醇的恶臭气味.     

一种快速,简便配制Schiff试剂的方法

Schiff试剂是H.Schiff于1866年首先研制成功的。它常常作为鉴别醛的特征试剂在有机定性分析非常重要。最近已有人对Schiff试剂作了改进,用来对醛进行定量测定,但其配制方法较繁。     

4,4-二乙硫／苄硫基-3-烯-2-丁酮的合成及其作为无气味硫醇替代试剂的缩硫醛/酮化反应

经由3-(二乙硫／苄硫基)亚甲基-2,4-戊二酮(1)的酸催化脱乙酰基反应高产率地合成了4,4-二乙硫／苄硫基-3-烯-2-丁酮(2). 化合物2作为无气味的乙硫醇及苄硫醇替代试剂能与各种醛／酮在温和的反应条件下生成相应的缩硫醛／酮.     

硫酰化反应在硫酯类化合物合成中的研究进展

硫酰化反应作为合成硫酯类化合物的重要反应,广泛应用于有机合成、药物合成等研究领域。本文主要介绍了应用硫醇、硫酚和二硫醚与不同的酰化试剂在不同的条件下反应合成硫酯类化合物的研究进展。     

电位滴定法测定氯化钠试剂

氯化钠试剂为白色无臭结晶粉末.主要用作分析试剂、微量分析测定氟和硅酸盐及生物培养基的制备.我国国家标准(GB1266—86)用沉淀滴定法直接滴定氯化钠,以荧光素吸附指示剂确定终点.考虑到氯化银沉淀的生成会影响终点的观察.本文提出硝酸银电位滴定法测定氯化钠试剂含量,用二阶微商法确定滴定终点.通过多次试验结果证明,本法结果正确可靠,电位突跃范围宽,重现性好,与国家标准方法测得的结果一致,准确度和精密度能够满足常规分析的要求.1 仪器与试剂     

1,3-丙二硫醇替代试剂1-（1,3-二噻-2-亚基）丙酮的缩硫醛/酮化反应

通过易制备的3-(1,3-二噻-2-亚基)-2,4-戊二酮(1b)在酸性条件下的脱乙酰化反应制得1-(1,3-二噻-2-亚基)丙酮(1f),产率为86%. 在MeCOCl/MeOH体系中,常温或回流条件下,化合物1f能作为有效的1,3-丙二硫醇替代试剂与醛和酮进行缩硫醛/酮化反应,高产率(86%～99%)合成1,3-二噻烷衍生物. 与已报道的替代试剂2-(2,4-二氯-1,4-戊二烯-3-亚基)-1,3-二噻烷(1a)、3-(1,3-二噻-2-亚基)-2,4-戊二酮(1b)、2-(1,3-二噻-2-亚基)-3-羰基丁酸甲酯(1c)、2-(1,3-二噻-2-亚基)-3-羰基丁酰胺(1d)和2-(1,3-二噻-2-亚基)-3-羰基丁酸(1e)相比,化合物1f是活性最好的1,3-丙二硫醇替代试剂.     

离子交换树脂用作聚合物试剂方面的新进展

本文综述由离子交换树脂为原料制备的聚合物离子型试剂.绝大多数的聚合物离子型试剂是用强碱性阴离子交换树脂制备的,它包括氧化剂、还原剂、20余种亲核试剂以及卤化剂等.约有40多种聚合物试剂可全由强碱性阴离子交换树脂制备.由强酸性阳离子交换树脂所制成的试剂只有数种.弱酸性阳离子交换树脂所制成的试剂,只是刚刚开始.弱碱性阴离子交换树脂可制成的试剂几乎没有.     

对山东科技版高中化学教材试剂品种和用量的统计与分析

以山东科技版高中化学教材中用到的试剂为研究对象,借助Excel的统计功能,对该教材中实验数量、试剂种类、试剂使用频度以及每种试剂的用量进行统计;估算生均试剂用量;重点分析危险品和重金属化合物的使用情况。从这一角度探讨我国高中化学教学中化学品使用规模及其可能给安全和环境带来的隐患并提出建议,以便从源头上避免安全和环境问题的出现。     

Application of Odorless Thiols for the Cleavage of 2‐ and 4‐Nitrobenzenesulfonamides

Several odorless or faint‐smelling thiols were tested to cleave 2‐ and 4‐nitrobenzenesulfonyl groups, which are widely utilized for selective protection and activation of amines. p‐Mercaptobenzoic acid (7) was found to be the most useful thiol for cleaving the o‐ and p‐nosyl groups in terms of ease of separation of the product from the workup residue, reaction temperature, and reaction time.     

稀土(镧)硫醇盐的合成与表征

以三氧化二镧为原料, 经过醇化, 制备了三(月桂硫醇)镧及三(巯基乙酸异辛酯)镧, 并对合成方法进行了优化. 采用热失重分析、FTIR光谱、感应耦合等离子色谱、元素分析和1H NMR对目标产物进行了表征. 确定合成稀土异丙醇盐最佳反应条件为: 反应温度80 ℃, 反应时间2 h; 合成三(月桂硫醇)镧的反应条件为反应温度110 ℃, 反应时间2 h, 月桂硫醇的摩尔分数过量24％; 合成三(巯基乙酸异辛酯)镧的反应条件为反应温度60 ℃, 反应时间2 h, 月桂硫醇过量32％.     

New odorless method for the Corey-Kim and Swern oxidations utilizing dodecyl methyl sulfide (Dod-S-Me)

Development of the odorless dodecyl methyl sulfide (Dod-S-Me, 1) as an alternative for dimethyl sulfide (DMS) and new odorless methods for the Corey-Kim and Swern oxidations are described. These reactions have been developed with a view toward green chemistry, utilizing Dod-S-Me (1) and common solvents instead of dichloromethane.     

Synthesis of a Benzenethiol‐derivatized Porphyrin for Self‐assembly

The synthesis of a benzenethiol‐derivatized porphyrin for flat‐lying self‐assembly on gold substrates is described. Acetyl protected thiol is not stable enough in Pd‐catalyzed reactions. While acrylate derivatives protected thiol group shows good tolerance in Pd‐catalyzed borylations and Suzuki‐Miyaura coupling reactions and no catalyst poisoning was observed.     

Short and Efficient Synthesis of Thiol Group Functionalized Crown Ethers

A synthesis of thiol group functionalized crown ethers is reported. The reaction is accomplished by the direct chlorosulfonation of simple crown ethers with chlorosulfonic acid and the reduction of the sulfonyl chloride moiety with LiAlH₄ in two steps. This new process is simple to operate, and it generates high‐purity mercaptobenzocrowns with excellent yields.     

Convenient One‐Pot Synthesis of Sulfonamides from Thiols using Trichloroisocyanuric Acid

A convenient synthesis of sulfonamides from thiols is described. In situ preparation of sulfonyl chlorides from thiols is accomplished by oxidation with trichloroisocyanuric acid (TCCA), benzyltrimethylammonium chloride and water (2.5 equiv). The sulfonyl chlorides are then further allowed to react with excess amine in the same reaction vessel. Triethylamine can be optionally added as acid scavenger.     

An Efficient and Odorless Synthesis of Thioethers Using 2‐[Bis(alkylthio)methylene]‐3‐oxo‐N‐o‐tolylbutanamides as Thiol Equivalents

Using 2‐[bis(alkylthio)methylene]‐3‐oxo‐N‐o‐tolylbutanamides 1 as odorless thiol equivalents, an efficient and odorless synthesis of thioethers has been developed. Promoted by NaOH in EtOH, the cleavage of 1 commences to generate thiolate anions, and the generated thiolate anions then react with halides to give various thioethers in good yield. It is noteworthy that only a very faint odor of thiols can be perceived during both the reaction and the workup.     

MMTr as an efficient anomeric S-protecting group for the synthesis of glycosyl thiols

The 4-monomethoxytrityl (MMTr) group was introduced in high yields to anomeric sulfhydryl functions using commercially available MMTrCl. Significantly, it is stable to a variety of reaction conditions, including acids and bases, and is removable under very mild acidic conditions, which are compatible with the presence of a number of other acid-labile hydroxyl protecting groups. The successful preparation of seven glycosyl thiols indicates that MMTr has potential application for the synthesis of complex 1-thiosugars.     

Green Procedure for the Synthesis of β-Nitro Sulfides by Michael Addition of Thiols to Nitroolefins

Michael addition of thiols to nitroolefins was carried out in water at room temperature without any catalyst, and β-nitro sulfides were obtained in excellent yields. This is the first example of Michael addition of thiols to nitroolefins in water without use of any catalyst. It provides a highly efficient, general, and practical green route to synthesis of β-nitro sulfides. Twenty-four new β-nitro sulfides were synthesized using this technique.