基于稀土离子颜色特征识别的组分含量检测方法

针对稀土离子具有特征颜色的P507-RECL3萃取分离体系,给出一种基于稀土离子颜色特征识别的组分含量检测方法。首先,通过对稀土离子颜色特征随组分含量的不同而呈现不同变化的分析,表明稀土组分含量与其颜色特征之间存在一定关系。为定量描述组分含量与颜色特征之间的关系,提取H分量直方图作为其颜色特征,并计算其一阶矩统计值,使抽象的颜色特征数值化,最后,利用最小二乘法拟合组分含量与H分量一阶矩统计值之间的函数关系,建立了分段拟合模型,并对模型的有效性进行了验证。结果表明,在单一组分占主要含量时,相对误差能控制在2%以内,具有较高的检测精度,为稀土组分含量的在线检测提供一种新的途径。     

基于LS-SVM的稀土萃取组分含量软测量

为了解决稀土萃取分离过程元素组分含量在线检测的难题, 提出了稀土萃取过程组分含量的一种最小二乘支持向量机(LS-SVM)软测量方法. 利用量子粒子群算法来优化LS-SVM的参数及核函数参数. 仿真结果表明, 所提出的软测量方法是有效的, 比已有的神经网络软测量方法能更好的实现稀土萃取过程中元素组分含量的在线估计.     

基于神经网络的多元稀土萃取组分含量的软测量

提出了一种应用RBF神经网络建立多组分稀土萃取平衡模型的方法,通过与萃取过程物料平衡模型相结合给出了在线预测稀土申级萃取分离生产过程中各组分含量的软测量方法。通过现场操作运行实测数据的建模仿真验证,表明这种混合软测量方法是有效的。     

稀土富勒烯提取液的解析电子轰击质谱

采用解析电子轰击质谱对电弧法合成的稀土富勒烯衍生物的提取液进行了质谱分析，有效地检测到富勒烯，稀土富勒烯单电荷、双电荷的分子离子峰。利用同位素贡献确证了某些稀土富勒烯的生成。采用高电流瞬间解析样品，使得谱图中的谱峰强度更加真实地反应出提取液中各组分的相对含量。     

稀土精矿检测方法

综述了近年来稀土精矿中稀土总量、15种稀土氧化物配分量以及非稀土杂质含量分析测定的国家标准以及最新方法。电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱法精密度高,检测速度快,为测定稀土精矿中稀土总量的常用方法。电感耦合等离子体质谱法不受基体干扰,更适用于痕量和超痕量稀土元素含量的测定,满足中、重稀土精矿的测定需求。分光光度法测定稀土精矿中非稀土杂质Th,Ti含量准确度高。对稀土精矿分析检测发展趋势进行了展望。     

稀土萃取分离过程自动控制研究现状及发展趋势

在简要描述稀土萃取分离生产过程的基础上,综述了目前国内外稀土萃取分离过程中稀土元素成分在线检测的方法、装置及其应用现状;稀土串级萃取分离生产过程的计算机流程模拟以及稀土萃取生产过程的自动控制方法、技术及其应用现状.指出了稀土元素组分含量的软测量方法,以综合生产指标为目标的稀土萃取分离生产过程优化控制方法以及由生产过程管理系统和过程控制系统两层结构组成的稀土萃取分离生产过程综合自动化系统已成为稀土萃取分离生产过程自动化未来发展的方向.     

稀土快速鉴别仪测定离子吸附型稀土矿中氧化钇量

采用便携式稀土快速鉴别仪PORT-X300,建立了快速准确的测定离子吸附型稀土原矿中氧化钇含量的方法,实验通过对电压、电流以及检测时长等条件的选择,建立数学校正模型,校正不平度及基体效应,提高了结果的准确度和稳定性。样品10次测定结果相对标准偏差小于2%,与电感耦合等离子体发射光谱法对照实验数据吻合。该方法氧化钇检出下限达到9.93 mg·kg-1,完全满足南方稀土现场测定的需要。该方法较其他方法具有操作简单、检测快速、无损分析等特点,同时满足鉴别准确、定量性好,在南方稀土现场勘探领域具有重要意义。     

稀土生物效应研究（Ⅰ）

采用ＩＣＰ－ＭＳ及ＦＰＬＣ等技术研究了正常人血浆中稀土含量及其物种分布。结果表明,正常人血浆中含有妆胆的稀土,每种稀土含量与其天然丰度一致;稀土物种主要集中于大分子蛋白组分中,与免疫球蛋白Ｇ（ＩｇＧ）、运铁蛋白（Ｔｆ）、血清白蛋白（Ａｌｂ）等均有作用,其中Ｔｆ结合稀土量较多。     

稀土生物效应研究(Ⅰ)──正常人血浆中稀土含量及其物种分布

采用ＩＣＰＭＳ及ＦＰＬＣ等技术研究了正常人血浆中稀土含量及其物种分布．结果表明,正常人血浆中含有痕量的稀土（总量为１４１３３μｇ／Ｌ）,每种稀土含量与其天然丰度一致;稀土物种主要集中于大分子蛋白组分中,与免疫球蛋白Ｇ（ＩｇＧ）、运铁蛋白（Ｔｆ）、血清白蛋白（Ａｌｂ）等均有作用,其中Ｔｆ结合稀土量较多     

稀土改质催化剂对废食用油制备燃料油的影响

利用浸渍法制备稀土改质催化剂,用于废食用油脂催化裂解的裂解气催化改质。考察了催化剂活性组分含量、硅铝比、焙烧温度、改质反应温度对产物组成、烯烃含量及收率的影响。得最佳条件:ZSM-5作为催化剂载体,催化剂活性组分镧稀土含量为6%,催化剂焙烧温度为550℃,改质反应温度为360℃。在最佳条件下催化改质,燃料油烯烃含量降低了34.3%,汽油含量提高了14.36%,轻柴油含量提高了1.67%,重柴油含量下降了6.72%,重油含量下降了2.2%,燃料油总收率提高了7.12%,油品质显著提高。     

α-Amino acid derived enaminones and their application in the synthesis of N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates and other heterocycles

A new and simple synthesis of novel N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates, which exist in equilibrium with their 4-oxo tautomers, has been developed in two steps starting from N-protected α-amino acids. The key intermediates are enaminones, which can also be isolated, characterized, and used for the construction of other functionalized heterocycles, before they spontaneously decompose to pyrrole products. 4-Hydroxypyrroles are prone to partial aerial oxidation but can be efficiently alkylated or reduced to stable polysubstituted pyrrolidine derivatives.     

Specific intramolecular aromatic CH insertion of diazosulfonamides

The chemoselectivity in the intramolecular CH insertion of various diazosulfonamides has been experimentally studied. The results reveal that the aliphatic 1,4-, 1,5-, or 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions of diazosulfonamides are not accessible, while the aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion can be realized specifically by adjusting the diazo-adjacent group. In addition, the general chemoselectivities in the intramolecular CH insertions of diazosulfonyl compounds are summarized. Generally, diazosulfones undergo both aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H and aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions, while diazosulfonates undergo aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions. However, diazosulfonamides only undergo aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion.     

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes: synthesis,characterization and their applications in the C-N coupling and α-arylation of ketones using aryl chlorides

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes 3 were successfully achieved in a one-pot procedure under mild conditions. The structure of 3a was unambiguously confirmed by X-ray single crystal diffraction and it was an active catalyst in the Buchwald-Hartwig amination and α-arylation of ketones even at very low catalyst loadings (0.01?mol%).     

Iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction using terminal alkyne as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines and fused-nitrogen heterocycles

An efficient iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction in dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO) using terminal alkynes as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of aryl (9H-pyrido[3,4-b]indol-1-yl)methanones is described. The scope of the protocol includes the total synthesis of Fascaplysin, Eudistomins Y₁ and Y₂. The methodology is extended for preparing pyrrolo[1,2-a]-quinoxaline and indolo[1,5-a]quinoxaline derivatives. The utility of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines was demonstrated by performing palladium-catalyzed β-carboline directed ortho-C(sp2)-H functionalization of the phenyl ring with thiomethyl (SMe) group using DMSO as source and for accessing 4-aryl-canthin-6-ones.     

Facile synthesis of bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-ones

In this Letter, we described a facile method for constructing fused bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-one ring system. We employed various methylene-containing carboxylic acids as the substrates and proved that the pyrazolone ring closure requires activated methylene group in intermediate II. Accordingly, a series of structurally diversified, fused bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-ones was prepared in moderate to high yields using the requisite substrates.     

A carbanion induced synthesis of highly congested pyrazole and imidazole containing heterocycles

An efficient approach to the synthesis of highly congested di, penta and hexacyclic pyrazoles as well as imidazole fragment containing novel heterocyclic molecule has been developed through a carbanion induced transformation of suitably functionalized 2H-pyran-2-ones, benzo[h]chromene and thiochromeno[4,3-b]pyrans. Due to the presence of fluorescence, we report their prime application metal sensor as off/on switching in ferric ions.     

Synthesis of pyrrolo[1,2-a]pyrazines and pyrazino[1,2-a]indoles by Curtius reaction in Morita-Baylis-Hillman derivatives

Synthesis of substituted pyrrolo[1,2-a]pyrazines and pyrazino[1,2-a]indoles from the Morita-Baylis-Hillman derivatives of acrylates via saponification followed by Curtius reaction is described.     

正丁胺对激光染料荧光谱影响的研究

用正丁胺作为碳源,采用射频辉光放电制备碳膜,选用激光染料R6G和聚乙二醇混合液作为蒸气源,采用单源热蒸发,在蒸发室与染料同时沉积得到混合膜,用拉曼光谱和红外光谱分析了碳膜的结构和键合方式,分析表明:碳膜中存在胺基团和氢原子.混合膜的荧光谱测量结果表明,认为正丁胺对染料荧光谱的影响是因为胺基和氢原子的存在.     

Selective synthesis of 4,5-dihydroimidazo- and imidazo[1,5-a]quinoxalines via modified Pictet–Spengler reaction

An efficient tandem approach for the selective synthesis of 4,5-dihydroimidazo[1,5-a]quinoxalines 6a–g and imidazo[1,5-a]quinoxalines 7a–h by the reaction of 2-imidazolyl anilines 4a–c with aryl aldehydes 5a–k under mild reaction conditions is described. Introduction of electron releasing alkyl groups in substrates 4a–b was found to be instrumental for the success of the reaction.     

Understanding the Diels-Alder reactivity of 1,2-azaborine analogues

The Diels-Alder reactivity of 1,2-heteroborines (H₄C₄B(H)X, X?=?NH, PH, AsH; O, S, Se) has been computationally explored by means of Density Functional Theory (DFT) calculations. The influence of the HB?=?X fragment on the reactivity of the system has been quantitatively analyzed in detail by means of the so-called Activation Strain Model (ASM) of reactivity. It is found that the interaction between these species and the dienophile is significantly stronger than that computed for their all-carbon isoelectronic counterpart, benzene. In addition, the strain energy plays a key role in the observed reactivity trends. The role of the aromaticity strength of these heteroarenes on the reactivity is also assessed.