硅藻土吸附在线柱富集-火焰原子吸收光谱法测定环境水样中痕量铜

提出了硅藻土吸附在线柱富集-火焰原子吸收光谱法测定环境水样中痕量铜的方法。利用硅藻土对环境水样中痕量铜在线预富集,浓集因子达到27.6,使火焰原子吸收光谱法的检测能力达到测定环境水样中痕量铜的要求。方法检出限为0.32μg.L-1,RSD(20μg.L-1)为3.52%,加标回收率为97.0%~105.0%。     

原子吸收光谱法测定环境及食品样品中痕量元素的样品前处理方法的研究进展

综述了原子吸收光谱法测定环境及食品样品中痕量元素的样品前处理方法的研究进展,主要涉及原子吸收光谱法分析中常用的样品前处理方法(包括干法、湿法和微波消解等),原子吸收光谱法测定环境样品中痕量元素的样品前处理新方法(包括固相萃取、在线富集和超声波辅助技术等)和原子吸收光谱法测定食品中痕量元素的前处理新方法(包括浊点萃取法、悬浮液进样法和紫外光解法等)。     

8—羟基喹啉—酚酞—改性聚氨酯泡沫塑料分离富集水中微量镉的研究

本文研究了８－羟基喹啉－酚酞负载在开孔聚氨酯泡沫塑料，用于水样中痕量镉的富集和原子吸收法测定，考察了振荡平衡时间（或流速）水相酸度和干扰元素的影响，提出一种新的快速富集－ＡＡＳ方法，水样中痕量镉可定量回收。     

析相萃取火焰原子吸收光谱法测定水样中痕量铁

研究了析相萃取火焰原子吸收光谱法测定水样中铁的方法 ,在酸性条件下 ,Fe3 + 与SCN- 生成络合物 ,在适当的温度下 ,被TritonX 10 0 正辛醇 水体系萃取富集。析出相用火焰原子吸收进行测定。方法检出限为 0 .0 0 4 μg·ml- 1,用于水样中痕量铁的测定 ,结果满意     

浊点萃取-石墨炉原子吸收光谱法测定水样中痕量铝

提出了浊点萃取石墨炉原子吸收光谱法测定痕量铝的新方法。探讨了溶液pH、试剂浓度等实验条件对浊点萃取及测定灵敏度的影响。在最佳条件下,富集40 mL样品溶液,用石墨炉原子吸收光谱法测定,铝的检出限为0.045μg/L,铝的富集倍率为78.5倍。方法适用于自来水、河水及海水中痕量铝的测定。     

在线螯合树脂富集火焰原子吸收光谱法测定天然水体中铜和锌

对螯合树脂富集——火焰原子吸收光谱法测定天然水体中痕量铜和锌的在线富集条件、干扰因素等进行研究,在线富集倍数达到两个数量级,在灵敏度与石墨炉原子吸收光谱法相当情况下,提高了测定准确度。     

浊点萃取-火焰原子吸收光谱法测定水样中痕量铜的研究

提出了浊点萃取火焰原子吸收光谱法测定痕量铜的新方法。详细探讨了溶液pH，试剂浓度等实验条件对浊点萃取及测定灵敏度的影响，在最佳下，富集50mL样品溶液，用火焰原子吸收光谱法测定，铜的检测限为0.35μg/L，铜的富集倍率为71倍。方法用于自来水、河水及海水中痕量铜的测定。     

冷原子吸收光谱法结合热解-原子吸收光谱法快速测定废水样中痕量无机汞和总有机汞

提出以冷原子吸收光谱法结合热解-原子吸收光潜法测定废水样中的痕量无机汞和总有机汞、水样经0．45μm膜过滤后不需消化处理,直接用冷原子吸收光谱法测定无机汞含量．用热解法测定总汞含量,二者之差为总有机汞含量。方法简便快速,干扰少．经加标回收实验验征,回收率为90％～103％．相对标准偏差(n=11)为3．8％。     

用混合络合剂溶剂萃取-火焰原子吸收法测定水中12种微量元素

溶剂萃取-原子吸收法测定水中微量元素是比较快速、灵敏的好方法。为了在同一溶液中测定12种微量元素,试验考察了以多种单一络合剂或混合络合剂溶剂萃取富集待测元素的效果和有机溶剂直接吸喷雾化,火焰原子吸收测定的条件,在所得结果的基础上,选择了最佳测定条件和萃取富集条件,拟足了用混合络合剂溶剂萃取,而后有机相直接吸喷雾化,空气-乙炔火焰原子吸收光谱法测定水中Zn、Bi、Cd、Ni、Co、Fe、Tl、Mn、Pb、In、Cu、Cr等12种痕量元素的方法。仪器和试剂使用P-E403型原子吸收分光光度     

分析试验室2001年《分析试验室》总目次

研究报告与简报1- 1　ＥＤＴＡ介质中元素的ＩＣＰ ＭＳ行为研究胡兆初 ,胡圣虹 ,帅　琴 ,刘勇胜 ,林守麟 ,高　山……………………………1- 6　荧光光谱法测定氨基酸的新方法郗　娟 ,阎宏涛…………………………………………………………………………1- 9　原子捕集 导数火焰原子吸收光谱法测定中草药中的微量锌张德强 ,苑春刚 ,高　英 ,张艳欣 ,杨莉丽 ,孙汉文………1- 13　磷酸苯酯 碱性磷酸酯酶伏安酶联免疫分析新体系的研究孙　伟 ,焦　奎 ,刘光源…………………………………1- 16　脱线柱预富集ＩＣＰ ＭＳ法测定南极水样中的痕量元…     

用氢化物—原子荧光法测定水处理剂中微量铅

对氢化物－原子荧光法测定水处理剂聚合氯化铝和硫酸铝中铅的测定介质、测定条件及干扰元素进行了探讨,拟定了简便,快速,准确测定两种水处理剂中微量铅的方法。在测定条件下,方法的线性范围为０￣５０ｎｇ·ｍｌ＾－１,检出限为０．４ｎｇ·ｍｌ＾－１,回收率在９０％￣１１０％之间。     

The influence of chelating reagents on plumbane generation: Determination of lead in the presence of PAN-S

A series of 22 chelating reagents were tested for plumbane generation. Besides nitroso R salt, the reagents Bromo Pyrogallol Red, Pyrocatechol Violet, Alizarine Red-S, 5-Br-PADAP and PAN-S could significantly enhance the lead signal. The PAN-S system has been optimized. The characteristic concentration (5 ml sample) is 1.3 ng/ml, and the RSD at the 50 ng/ml level is 3.9%. Lead spiked into tap water and natural water was determined by HG-AAS in the presence of PAN-S. Recoveries of spiked lead were between 90 and 105 %. Study of the mechanism suggests that the lead hydride might be directly generated from the chelated Pb(II) instead of the metastable Pb(IV).     

Direct determination of arsenic in acid digests of plant and peat samples using HG-AAS and ICP-SF-MS

A new analytical procedure for the reliable and direct determination of arsenic (As) in nitric acid digests of ombrotrophic peat samples in the low ng l⁻¹ range has been developed based on hydride generation-atomic absorption spectrometry (HG-AAS). The pre-reduction capabilities of KI/ascorbic acid and of l-cysteine in nitric acid digests of peat and plant samples for the conversion of As(V) to As(III) were tested systematically. Samples were digested with high purity nitric acid in a high-pressure microwave autoclave at 240 °C and subsequently measured using HG-AAS or ICP-SF-MS (inductively coupled plasma-sector field-mass spectrometry). Using KI/ascorbic acid as pre-reductant, the accuracy and precision were poor when digests of complex matrices, such as peat were analyzed for As by HG-AAS. However, 10 g l⁻¹ l-cysteine was successfully employed as pre-reductant in diluted nitric acid digests (3%, v/v) of peat samples prior to hydride generation of As with 0.5% (m/v) of NaBH₄ and 7 mol l⁻¹ HCl. The analytical procedure was critically evaluated by analyzing several certified plant reference materials, two in-house peat reference materials and by the determination of As in diluted digests of peat samples with ICP-SF-MS. The results for the determination of As in various peat and plant materials showed excellent agreement with the reference values. The method detection limits for the determination of As by the optimized HG-AAS procedure and by ICP-SF-MS were 23 ng g⁻¹ and 1.4 ng g⁻¹ in solid peat, respectively. The newly developed analytical procedure was applied to the determination of As in selected peat samples. Results for As in these peat samples obtained by the developed HG-AAS procedure and the optimized procedure for the determination of As with ICP-SF-MS were highly correlated (R² = 0.993, n = 12).     

电感耦合等离子体质谱(ICP-MS)法与氢化物发生-原子吸收光谱(HG-AAS)法测定土壤中硒含量的对比研究

基于氢化物发生器与原子吸收光谱联用(HG-AAS),测定土壤样品中硒的含量,并与电感耦合等离子体质谱(ICP-MS)法测定值进行了对比。在两种仪器的最佳工作条件下,测定土壤硒的含量,实验结果表明:ICP-MS法和HG-AAS法对土壤硒含量测定的线性范围分别为0.85~100.00μg/L和0.08~16.00μg/L,检出限分别为0.25μg/L和0.02μg/L,精密度分别为1.3%和2.1%;用加标回收实验和测定国家标准土壤样品(GSS-7)对这两种方法的准确性进行了验证,ICP-MS法和HG-AAS法的加标回收率分别为96.7%~99.4%和94.9%~99.5%,GSS-7标准土样的结果均在标准值范围内,说明这两种测定土壤中硒含量的方法是准确可靠的。HG-AAS法测定线性范围窄,部分样品需要稀释,而且氢化物发生系统是手动进样,导致操作复杂,分析周期长;ICP-MS法仪器测定快速,但是仪器昂贵。     

Slurry sampling fluorination assisted electrothermal vaporization-inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectrometry for the direct determination of metal impurities in aluminium oxide ceramic powders

A new analytical procedure for the direct determination of metal impurities (Cr, Cu, Fe and V) in aluminium oxide ceramic powders by slurry sampling fluorination assisted electrothermal vaporization-inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectrometry (ETV-ICP-AES) is reported. A polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) emulsion was used as a fluorinating reagent to promote the vaporization of impurity elements in aluminium oxide ceramic powders from the graphite tube. A vaporization stage with a long ramp time and a short hold time provided the possibility of temporal analyte-matrix separation. The experimental results indicated that a 10 microL 1% m/v slurry of aluminium oxide could be destroyed and vaporized completely with 600 micrograms PTFE under the selected conditions. Two aluminium oxide ceramic powder samples were used without any additional pretreatment. Analytical results obtained by using standard addition method with aqueous standard solution were checked by comparison of the results with pneumatic nebulization (PN)-ICP-AES based on the wet-chemical decomposition and analyte-matrix separation. The limits of detection (LODs) between 0.30 microgram g-1 (Fe) and 0.08 microgram g-1 (Cu) were achieved, and, the repeatability of measurements was mainly better than 10%.     

Calibration of sputtering yields for AES depth profiling of oxide layers on aluminium by means of carrier-gas heat extraction analysis

Summary For the purpose of obtaining suitable reference materials for technical coatings on aluminium, the feasibility of calibration of oxide layers by means of heat extraction was studied. Oxide layers were prepared on aluminium sheets by immersion in water of 50 or 80 ° C and annealing at 500 or 600 °C in argon atmosphere. The layer thickness was calculated from the oxygen content of the sample as measured by carrier-gas heat extraction analysis.The total sputtering yield of aluminium oxide layers was obtained via the correlation of AES depth profiling with heat extraction analysis results. This was demonstrated for high purity (99.9%) and technical purity (98.5%) aluminium with its original roughness from the rolling process, on which 20 to 1,000 nm thick oxide layers had been grown.The sputtering yields for the oxide layers prepared were found to be 3.9±0.8 atoms/ion, i.e., about four times higher than that for -Al₂O₃. Calibration of depth profiling on such technical quality oxide layers on aluminium was found to be feasible with a relative precision of 10 to 20%.

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Kalibrierung der Ionenzerstäubung zur AES-Tiefenprofilanalyse von Oxidschichten auf Aluminium durch Trägergas-Heißextraktion

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On leave from the Institute of Photographic Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Beijing, People's Republic of China     

Slurry sampling fluorination assisted electrothermal vaporization-inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectrometry for the direct determination of metal impurities in aluminium oxide ceramic powders

A new analytical procedure for the direct determination of metal impurities (Cr, Cu, Fe and V) in aluminium oxide ceramic powders by slurry sampling fluorination assisted electrothermal vaporization-inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectrometry (ETV-ICP-AES) is reported. A polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) emulsion was used as a fluorinating reagent to promote the vaporization of impurity elements in aluminium oxide ceramic powders from the graphite tube. A vaporization stage with a long ramp time and a short hold time provided the possibility of temporal analyte-matrix separation. The experimental results indicated that a 10 μL 1% m/v slurry of aluminium oxide could be destroyed and vaporized completely with 600 μg PTFE under the selected conditions. Two aluminium oxide ceramic powder samples were used without any additional pretreatment. Analytical results obtained by using standard addition method with aqueous standard solution were checked by comparison of the results with pneumatic nebulization (PN)-ICP-AES based on the wet-chemical decomposition and analyte-matrix separation. The limits of detection (LODs) between 0.30 μg g^–1 (Fe ) and 0.08 μg g^–1 (Cu) were achieved, and, the repeatability of measurements was mainly better than 10%. Received: 28 August 2000 / Revised: 1 November 2000 / Accepted: 12 November 2000     

Direct determination of silicon in powdered aluminium oxide by use of slurry sampling with in situ fusion graphite-furnace atomic-absorption spectrometry

A direct method for determination of silicon in powdered high-purity aluminium oxide samples, by slurry sampling with in situ fusion graphite-furnace atomic-absorption spectrometry (GF-AAS), has been established. A slurry sample was prepared by 10-min ultrasonication of a powdered sample in an aqueous solution containing both sodium carbonate and boric acid as a mixed flux. An appropriate portion of the slurry was introduced into a pyrolytic graphite furnace equipped with a platform. Silicon compounds to be determined and aluminium oxide were fused by the in situ fusion process with the flux in the furnace under optimized heating conditions, and the silicon absorbance was then measured directly. The calibration curve was prepared by use of a silicon standard solution containing the same concentration of the flux as the slurry sample. The accuracy of the proposed method was confirmed by analysis of certified reference materials. The proposed method gave statistically accurate values at the 95% confidence level. The detection limit was 3.3 microg g(-1) in solid samples, when 300 mg/20 mL slurry was prepared and a 10 microL portion of the slurry was measured. The precision of the determination (RSD for more than four separate determinations) was 14% and 2%, respectively, for levels of 10 and 100 microg g(-1) silicon in aluminium oxide.     

Spectroscopic study of the aluminium/lumogallion system in the presence of non-ionic surfactants

The effects of different non-ionic ethylene oxide condensate surfactants on the fluorescence and the molecular absorption of the aluminium/lumogallion system are reported. Ethylene oxide condensates with fatty alcohols give higher micellar enhancement factors than tert-octylphenols or nonylphenols; ethylene oxide/propylene oxide copolymers provide only a 50% increase in the fluorescence of the complex. The aluminium/lumogallion seems to form mixed micelles with the fatty alcohol condensates; the strong complex/micelle interaction provides increased absorbance of the complex at 500 nm and higher fluorescence enhancement, allowing the detection of 0.11 μg l^?1 aluminium.     

SPE HG-AAS method for the determination of inorganic arsenic in rice—results from method validation studies and a survey on rice products

The present paper describes the development, validation and application of a method for inorganic arsenic (iAs) determination in rice samples. The separation of iAs from organoarsenic compounds was done by off-line solid-phase extraction (SPE) followed by hydride generation atomic absorption spectrometry (HG-AAS) detection. This approach was earlier developed for seafood samples (Rasmussen et al., Anal Bioanal Chem 403:2825–2834, 2012) and has in the present work been tailored for rice products and further optimised for a higher sample throughput and a lower detection limit. Water bath heating (90 °C, 60 min) of samples with dilute HNO₃ and H₂O₂ solubilised and oxidised all iAs to arsenate (As^V). Loading of buffered sample extracts (pH 6?±?1) followed by selective elution of arsenate from a strong anion exchange SPE cartridge enabled the selective iAs quantification by HG-AAS, measuring total arsenic (As) in the SPE eluate. The in-house validation gave mean recoveries of 101–106 % for spiked rice samples and in two reference samples. The limit of detection was 0.02 mg kg^?1, and repeatability and intra-laboratory reproducibility were less than 6 and 9 %, respectively. The SPE HG-AAS method produced similar results compared to parallel high-performance liquid chromatography coupled to inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) analysis. The SPE separation step was tested collaboratively, where the laboratories (N?=?10) used either HG-AAS or ICP-MS for iAs determination in a wholemeal rice powder. The trial gave satisfactory results (HorRat value of 1.6) and did not reveal significant difference (t test, p?>?0.05) between HG-AAS and ICP-MS quantification. The iAs concentration in 36 rice samples purchased on the Danish retail market varied (0.03–0.60 mg kg^?1), with the highest concentration found in a red rice sample.