惯性效应在微流控芯片中的应用

作为一种操控粒子或流体的新技术,基于流体惯性的操控技术已被应用于微流控芯片中粒子的输运、分选、聚焦及试样的混合和反应等操作,而在微尺度惯性效应基础上的惯性微流控芯片由于具有高通量、无需外场介入、低成本、易集成及微型化等众多优点,可用于解决医疗诊断、生化分析、合成化学及环境监测等领域的检测分析和微量操控问题,因此对该技术的机理及应用研究已成为目前微流控技术领域一个重要的研究热点。本文在介绍惯性微流控芯片机理及其研究进展的同时,从惯性聚焦、惯性分选及基于Dean流的微混合器和微流控光学器件等几个方面对惯性微流控芯片的最新应用研究进展进行了较为详细的介绍和分析比较。在此基础上,分析了惯性微流控芯片的局限和未来需要解决的问题。     

基于微流控驱动和控制技术的临床生化分析系统研究进展

微流控技术具有微量、高效、高通量、微型化、集成化、自动化的特点，为实现现场化、低成本的临床生化分析提供了一条可行的技术途径。针对于目前临床生化分析中复杂流体操控的难点，该文依据系统中采用驱动和控制方式的不同，对各种基于微流控技术的临床生化分析系统进行了分类介绍，同时也介绍了市场上商品化的微流控生化分析仪器，并对其各自特点进行了综合评述。     

微针与微流控芯片的结合应用研究进展

微针因具有使用便捷、无痛等优点,在取样检测、透皮给药等生物医学诊断领域得到了日益广泛的应用.微流控芯片可对微量流体进行操控,具有试剂损耗少、检测速度快、灵敏度高等优点,在生化分析、环境科学等领域备受关注.早期,微流控芯片与微针的发展相对独立;随着微流控与微针在生物医药等领域的广泛应用和3D打印等先进微加工方法的出现,近...     

微流控液滴技术及其应用的研究进展

微液滴具有体积小、比表面积大,速度快、通量高,大小均匀、体系封闭,内部稳定等特性,在药物控释、病毒检测、颗粒材料合成、催化剂等领域中均有重要应用.微流控技术的发展为微液滴生成中实现尺寸规格、结构形貌和功能特性等的可控设计和精确操控提供了全新平台.本文概述了微流控液滴技术的基本原理、液滴生成方式及其基本操控,比较分析了微液滴的传统制备法与微流控合成法的异同,介绍了近年来微流控液滴技术在功能材料合成、生物医学和食品加工等领域中的研究新进展,探讨并展望了微流控液滴技术的潜在价值和未来发展方向.     

黏弹性流体在微粒被动操控技术中的应用

因能实现微米尺度粒子的精确操控,微流控技术已被广泛运用于医学、制药、生物和化学等领域,其中无需外场作用的被动操控技术由于其简单性和自主性更是成为研究热点。与其他被动操控技术相比,黏弹性聚焦技术更易实现微粒的三维聚焦且能操控微粒的尺度跨度大、流体流量范围广。因此,本文综述了黏弹性流体在微粒被动操控应用中的最新研究进展。首先,介绍了微粒在不同结构流道内的黏弹性流体中进行迁移的受力机理,进一步详细阐述了黏弹性聚焦、黏弹性分选、黏弹性混合以及其他黏弹性微粒操控应用研究进展,最后对研究黏弹性流体流动特性和在其内微粒迁移运动规律的数值模拟方法进行了介绍,并在分析现有问题的基础上对黏弹性微流控技术未来的发展作出了展望。     

集成试样引入微泵的微流控芯片毛细管电泳分析系统

微流控分析是20世纪90年代以来迅速发展的一门前沿学科,它的出现使化学检测设备的微型化、集成化与便携化成为可能.微流控分析系统的核心是微流体操纵和控制,而微流体的驱动则是实现微流控操作的基础.     

磁场控制技术在微流控芯片中的应用*

磁场作为除了电场和力场之外的另一个有力的驱动和控制手段,由于不需与溶液接触即可实现对被分析物的操纵,极大降低污染的可能,近年来被越来越广泛地用于微流控芯片系统,尤其在细胞、病毒甚至单分子的捕获、分选以及操纵等方面显示出较大优势。本文综述了微流控芯片系统中磁场控制技术的最新进展,分别从理论分析,磁场加工技术、泵阀的实现,微流体控制和磁分离等方面介绍了该领域近几年的发展状况,并重点分析了微流控芯片磁场操控技术在临床分析和现场检测方面的应用,及其未来发展趋势和需解决的主要问题。     

磁控微流控芯片的研究现状及应用

微流控芯片作为一种现代分析方法,近年来得到迅速发展。而磁控微流控芯片是在微流控芯片中引入磁场调控,通过引入磁场丰富了微流控芯片的操控手段,同时结合了磁性材料的优势,使之成为微流控芯片研究的重要组成部分之一。本文重点介绍磁控微流控芯片的研究现状及应用。     

微流控芯片中颗粒/细胞磁操控的研究进展

微流控芯片中颗粒/细胞的磁操控是当前的热点研究领域.本文详细介绍了微流控芯片中颗粒/细胞磁操控原理及几种主要操控方式,包括分离、集中、捕获与排列组装.其中,基于颗粒/细胞大小、形状以及有无磁性对分离方法展开详述.此外,本文还比较了通道几何结构、磁场强度及分布、磁性液体种类(顺磁盐溶液和磁流体)对操控性能的影响.最后,针对微流控芯片中颗粒/细胞磁操控的前景进行了展望.     

微流控芯片上细胞培养与分析方法研究进展

微流控芯片以其强大的微流体和微小物质控制能力成为研究单细胞、细胞群落乃至生物组织的重要手段。在本篇综述中,我们将以微流控芯片上细胞体外培养模型的建立为主,对近几年来重要的研究工作加以评述,全面地介绍微流控技术在细胞生命科学研究中应用的优势和未来发展方向,具体包括微流控芯片的细胞操控能力、细胞培养微环境的构建以及芯片联用检测手段,希望为从事这一领域研究工作的读者提供一些新的思路。     

Point-of-care testing (POCT): Current techniques and future perspectives

Point-of-care testing (POCT) is a laboratory-medicine discipline that is evolving rapidly in analytical scope and clinical application. In this review, we first describe the state of the art of medical-laboratory tests that can be performed near the patient. At present, POCT ranges from basic blood-glucose measurement to complex viscoelastic coagulation assays. POCT shortens the time to clinical decision-making about additional testing or therapy, as delays are no longer caused by transport and preparation of clinical samples, and biochemical-test results are rapidly available at the point of care. Improved medical outcome and lower costs may ensue.Recent, evolving technological advances enable the development of novel POCT instruments. We review the underlying analytical techniques. If new instruments are not yet in practical use, it is often hard to decide whether the underlying analytical principle has real advantage over former methods. However, future utilization of POCT also depends on health-care trends and new areas of application. But, even today, it can be assumed that, for certain applications, near-patient testing is a useful complement to conventional laboratory analyses.     

Nucleic Acid Integrated Technologies for Electrochemical Point-of-Care Diagnostics: A Comprehensive Review

The need for routine and immediate healthcare monitoring has inspired “near-patient testing” or in other words “point-of-care testing (POCT)”. Therefore, POCT can be defined as laboratory tests that are performed at the patient's bedside or in the immediate vicinity of the incident. Among many POCTs, nucleic acid-based testing has attracted enormous attention for the diagnosis of important genetic, inherited and infectious diseases such as cancer and coronavirus. In this review, we outline the integration of nucleic acids into the remarkable electrochemical point-of-care diagnostics including microfluidic, paper and smartphone-based approaches, CRISPR/Cas and liquid biopsy related systems and DNA damage monitoring.     

多指标免疫分析的研究进展

免疫分析是临床上检测生理相关蛋白质指标的主要方法. 与单一指标的免疫分析相比, 临床体外诊断对多指标的生理相关蛋白质免疫分析有着更为广泛的需求. 通过在固相载体上完成免疫反应的非均相免疫分析具有灵敏度高的优点, 是当前多指标免疫分析的主流方法. 本文按照固相载体的不同, 对近年来的多指标免疫分析系统分别从技术原理、 实现方法、 各自特点等方面的研究进展进行综合阐述. 最后对比总结了不同系统的优势与不足, 并展望了微流控多指标免疫分析在即时检测领域的发展前景.     

Quality in point-of-care testing: taking POC to the next level

Point-of-care testing (POCT) is a complex system with many opportunities for error. Delivering quality POCT requires multidisciplinary coordination and an understanding of the preanalytic, analytic, and postanalytic processes that are necessary to deliver a test result and take clinical action. Most errors in laboratory testing occur in the pre and postanalytical phases and many mistakes that are referred to as lab error are actually due to poor communication, actions by others involved in the testing process, or poorly designed processes outside the laboratory's control. POCT requires significant operator interaction with analysis and documentation of calibration and quality control, unlike other medical devices. Clinicians often interpret POCT as equivalent to core laboratory testing, only faster, and mistakenly utilize the results interchangeably despite the differences in test methodologies. Taking quality of POCT to the next level involves looking beyond the analytical phase and integration of POCT into the entire pathway of patient care to understand how POCT relates to medical decision-making at specific points during the patient's care. A systematic review of the literature by the National Academy of Clinical Biochemistry is currently being conducted to draft guidelines for best practice that link the use of POCT to improved patient outcomes.Presented at the 10th Conference Quality in the Spotlight, March 2005, Antwerp, Belgium.     

Rapid Absolute Determination Platform of Nucleic Acid for Point-of-care Testing

Nowadays nucleic acid tests are promising to be considered as point-of-care testing(POCT). However, no such devices are currently available that can perform all the functions, including absolute nucleic acid determination, worldwide on-site detection, rapid analysis and real-time results reporting via ubiquitous mobile networks simultaneously with full package and automated means of measurement. In this study, we presented a compact low-cost portable POC automated testing platform with all attributes mentioned above. A disposable self-priming compartmentalization(SPC) microfluidic chip is used to conduct isothermal amplification. The platform also includes a micro-computer controlled heating unit, an inexpensive optical imaging setup, and a mobile device with customized software. It may become a useful tool for the rapid on-site detection of infectious diseases as well as other pathogens.     

Immune fluorescence test strips based on quantum dots for rapid and quantitative detection of carcino-embryonic antigen

A QDs-based immune fl uorescence test strips was built up for carcino-embryonic antigen detection to realize cancers POCT diagnostic, with a sensitivity of 0.72 ng/mL in 25 min.     

Point-of-care testing of proteins

Point-of-care testing (POCT) is a fast developing area in clinical diagnostics that is considered to be one of the main driving forces for the future in vitro diagnostic market. POCT means decentralized testing at the site of patient care. The most important POCT devices are handheld blood glucose sensors. In some of these sensors, after the application of less than 1 μl whole blood, the results are displayed in less than 10 s. For protein determination, the most commonly used devices are based on lateral flow technology. Although these devices are convenient to use, the results are often only qualitative or semiquantitative. The review will illuminate some of the current methods employed in POCT for proteins and will discuss the outlook for techniques (e.g., electrochemical immunosensors) that could have a great impact on future POCT of proteins.     

Microfluidic Apps for off-the-shelf instruments

Within the last decade a huge increase in research activity in microfluidics could be observed. However, despite several commercial success stories, microfluidic chips are still not sold in high numbers in mass markets so far. Here we promote a new concept that could be an alternative approach to commercialization: designing microfluidic chips for existing off-the-shelf instruments. Such "Microfluidic Apps" could significantly lower market entry barriers and provide many advantages: developers of microfluidic chips make use of existing equipment or platforms and do not have to develop instruments from scratch; end-users can profit from microfluidics without the need to invest in new equipment; instrument manufacturers benefit from an expanded customer base due to the new applications that can be implemented in their instruments. Microfluidic Apps could be considered as low-cost disposables which can easily be distributed globally via web-shops. Therefore they could be a door-opener for high-volume mass markets.     

Electrochemical Biosensors Based on Micro-fabricated Devices for Point-of-Care Testing: A Review

Point-of-care testing (POCT) is becoming a hot research topic that allows rapid, on-site, and non-professional measurements outside the central laboratory. The micro-fabricated devices prepared by various micro-machining technologies have shown the advantages of low reagent consumption, high-throughput samples, and wearability. This review presents the recent progress of electrochemical biosensors based on various micro-fabricated devices for POCT and the corresponding electrochemical techniques. Signal amplification strategies based on enzyme and nanotechnology are also illustrated for the more sensitive POCT applications of these micro-fabricated devices. Consequently, the trends and challenges of electrochemical biosensors based on micro-fabricated devices in POCT diagnosis are discussed.