军用化工企业含氮废水处理工艺研究

采用厌氧——缺氧——SBR微生物生化处理组合工艺,研究了双基（含双基混合酯）球扁药含氮废水处理技术,通过菌种驯化,实现了高盐浓度、高CODCr含量废水经处理后达标排放,CODCr的总去除率达到97．7％,质量浓度降到96mg／L;BOD5总去除率达到了98．O％,质量浓度降到28mg／L;SS的总去除率达到94．4％,质量浓度降到了9mg／L。     

Fenton-UASB-生物接触氧化处理Fischer-Tropsch合成废水的研究

用Fenton-UASB-生物接触氧化组合工艺对Fischer-Tropsch合成废水进行处理。实验结果表明,采用Fenton法对废水进行预处理,在pH值为3,H2O2的投加量为30 mL/L,Fe2+投加量为1.2 g/L,反应时间为120 min时,去除了63%的CODCr,有效地提高了废水的可生化性;Fenton预处理出水经UASB厌氧生物处理后,CODCr去除率达90%以上;最后经接触氧化后,出水CODCr达100 mg/L以下,达到了GB8978-1996《污水综合排放标准》中化工类废水的二级排放标准。     

Ti/Sb2O5-SnO2/PbO2电极电催化氧化对氨基苯酚

以电沉积法制备的Ti／Sb2O5-SnO2／PbO2电极作阳极,恒电流电解水溶液中的对氨基苯酚（PAP）,利用紫外光谱探讨了对氨基苯酚电催化氧化的反应历程,系统地考察了电解时间、反应温度,pH值、电流密度以及对氨基苯酚初始浓度对COD去除率的影响,提出了电催化氧化对氨基苯酚的最佳条件．结果表明,对氨基苯酚电催化反应为逐级氧化历程,主要中间产物为苯醌、丁烯二酸和草酸,最终产物为CO2和水．20℃,对初始浓度10mg／L的对氨基苯酚水溶液（pH=6）,恒定电流密度100mA／cm^2,电解1h,COD去除率可达98．5％．该方法作为废水中对氨基苯酚的最小化处理．具有良好的应用前景．     

大孔吸附树脂处理含磺胺废水的研究

利用大孔吸附树脂处理含磺胺废水。实验表明，DRHⅢ树脂对磺胺具有良好的吸附－解吸效果。原废水中磺胺浓度约为17.2g/L,COD约为13750mg/L，经树脂吸附处理后，废水中COD去除率约86％，磺胺的吸附率88．2％，树脂的解吸率为97．5％，磺胺的回收率约86．0％，其纯度达99．8％。在废水有效处理的同时实现了废物资源化，具有良好的环境效益和较高的经济效益。     

树脂吸附法处理水杨酸甲酯生产废水的研究

采用吸附树脂NDA—99处理水杨酸甲酯生产废水，结果表明该树脂时废水中的5磺基水杨酸及水杨酸均具有良好的吸附—脱附性能．废水经预处理和吸附处理后，CODCr由57000-59000mg／L降至6300mg／L左右，去除率接近89％．用IBV8％NaOH 3BVH2O作脱附剂，在温度为60℃、流量为IBV／h的条件下，脱附率接近100％，树脂可重复使用．高浓度脱附液经酸化、浓缩、冷却结晶，可回收5—磺基水杨酸，回收率为95％左右。纯度为78％。     

两性田菁胶在处理生活污水中的助凝作用

研究了以聚合硫酸铁为主凝剂、两性田菁胶(ASG)为助凝剂处理城市生活废水的各种影响因素.实验结果表明:聚合硫酸铁和两性田菁胶分别以200mg/L和10mg/L的复配浓度、pH值接近7时混凝效果最佳,CODCr去除率达到近80%,处理后废水CODCr达到国家排放标准.     

Ti/RuO2-CoO电极制备及其氨氮降解性能

采用热氧化法制备Ti/RuO_2-CoO电极,通过SEM和XRD对电极涂层的表面形貌和晶体结构进行表征;并利用最佳条件制备的电极开展电化学氧化氨氮模拟废水研究。实验研究了电流密度、初始pH值、Cl~-浓度和NH_3-N初始浓度对NH_3-N降解效果的影响。研究结果表明:当n(Ru)/n(Co)=7∶3时Ti/RuO_2-CoO电极对NH_3-N的去除效果较好。随着电流密度的增加,NH_3-N去除率随之升高;初始pH为碱性条件时,NH_3-N去除效果较好;NH_3-N去除率随Cl~-浓度的增加呈现先增大后减小,当Cl~-浓度为3 000 mg/L时,氨氮去除率达到97.95%。当电流密度为70 mA/cm~2、Cl~-浓度为3 000 mg/L、初始pH=9时,经过180 min电解后,氨氮初始浓度从500 mg/L降低至10.25 mg/L,且电化学氧化氨氮的产物主要为氮气和硝酸盐氮。     

树脂吸附法处理高浓度DSD酸氧化工序生产废水的研究

本文采用大孔吸附树脂固定床工艺处理DSD酸氧化工序生产废水。实验结果表明，ND804大孔吸附树脂对该废水具有良好的吸附－脱附效果，废水经ND804树脂吸附处理后，CODCr由14790mg/L降至1300mg/L左右，COD去除率约为91％，并可回收纯度达80％的DNS酸，废水在得到有效治理的同时实现了废物的资源化。     

6-氨基青霉烷酸生产废水的厌氧和深度处理研究

针对6-氨基青霉烷酸生产废水的高污染物浓度、高硫酸根、难降解物质多的特点,对废水经过硫酸根预处理,稀释3倍和6倍后,废水对厌氧污泥没有急毒性,厌氧污泥可以逐步适应废水环境。经过厌氧处理以及后续的Fenton深度处理,高浓度的6-氨基青霉烷酸生产废水CODCr可由45450mg/L降到255mg/L,出水CODCr可达到污水三级排放标准。     

镀铜铁屑-H_2O_2催化氧化降解含酚废水

采用镀铜铁屑代替传统Fenton体系中的FeSO4作为催化剂,通过改变H2O2与镀铜铁屑的投加量、溶液的pH值、反应温度、反应时间等条件,研究了该体系对处理苯酚废水的影响。结果表明,常温下处理实际含酚印染废水,在pH值为4~6,30%H2O2 12mL/L,镀铜铁屑5g/L,反应时间为45min时,COD去除率可达96%,其CODCr从5827mg/L降至419mg/L,色度从2000降至30,符合国家三级排放标准。     

A carbanion induced synthesis of highly congested pyrazole and imidazole containing heterocycles

An efficient approach to the synthesis of highly congested di, penta and hexacyclic pyrazoles as well as imidazole fragment containing novel heterocyclic molecule has been developed through a carbanion induced transformation of suitably functionalized 2H-pyran-2-ones, benzo[h]chromene and thiochromeno[4,3-b]pyrans. Due to the presence of fluorescence, we report their prime application metal sensor as off/on switching in ferric ions.     

α-Amino acid derived enaminones and their application in the synthesis of N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates and other heterocycles

A new and simple synthesis of novel N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates, which exist in equilibrium with their 4-oxo tautomers, has been developed in two steps starting from N-protected α-amino acids. The key intermediates are enaminones, which can also be isolated, characterized, and used for the construction of other functionalized heterocycles, before they spontaneously decompose to pyrrole products. 4-Hydroxypyrroles are prone to partial aerial oxidation but can be efficiently alkylated or reduced to stable polysubstituted pyrrolidine derivatives.     

Specific intramolecular aromatic CH insertion of diazosulfonamides

The chemoselectivity in the intramolecular CH insertion of various diazosulfonamides has been experimentally studied. The results reveal that the aliphatic 1,4-, 1,5-, or 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions of diazosulfonamides are not accessible, while the aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion can be realized specifically by adjusting the diazo-adjacent group. In addition, the general chemoselectivities in the intramolecular CH insertions of diazosulfonyl compounds are summarized. Generally, diazosulfones undergo both aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H and aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions, while diazosulfonates undergo aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions. However, diazosulfonamides only undergo aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion.     

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes: synthesis,characterization and their applications in the C-N coupling and α-arylation of ketones using aryl chlorides

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes 3 were successfully achieved in a one-pot procedure under mild conditions. The structure of 3a was unambiguously confirmed by X-ray single crystal diffraction and it was an active catalyst in the Buchwald-Hartwig amination and α-arylation of ketones even at very low catalyst loadings (0.01?mol%).     

Selective synthesis of 4,5-dihydroimidazo- and imidazo[1,5-a]quinoxalines via modified Pictet–Spengler reaction

An efficient tandem approach for the selective synthesis of 4,5-dihydroimidazo[1,5-a]quinoxalines 6a–g and imidazo[1,5-a]quinoxalines 7a–h by the reaction of 2-imidazolyl anilines 4a–c with aryl aldehydes 5a–k under mild reaction conditions is described. Introduction of electron releasing alkyl groups in substrates 4a–b was found to be instrumental for the success of the reaction.     

Understanding the Diels-Alder reactivity of 1,2-azaborine analogues

The Diels-Alder reactivity of 1,2-heteroborines (H₄C₄B(H)X, X?=?NH, PH, AsH; O, S, Se) has been computationally explored by means of Density Functional Theory (DFT) calculations. The influence of the HB?=?X fragment on the reactivity of the system has been quantitatively analyzed in detail by means of the so-called Activation Strain Model (ASM) of reactivity. It is found that the interaction between these species and the dienophile is significantly stronger than that computed for their all-carbon isoelectronic counterpart, benzene. In addition, the strain energy plays a key role in the observed reactivity trends. The role of the aromaticity strength of these heteroarenes on the reactivity is also assessed.     

Synthesis of N-substituted carbazolones from α-iodo enaminones via Pd(0)-catalyzed intramolecular coupling under microwave irradiation

A variety of N-aryl and N-alkyl carbazolones were conveniently achieved in good to high yields via Pd₂(dba)₃-mediated intramolecular coupling of N-substituted α-iodo enaminones under microwave irradiation. The Pd(0)-catalyzed cyclization was found to proceed favorably with the more electron-deficient phenyl ring during the reactions involving unsymmetrical N,N-diaryl α-iodo enaminones. This unique property enables the construction of carbazolone skeleton containing nitro substituted benzenoid ring.     

Iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction using terminal alkyne as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines and fused-nitrogen heterocycles

An efficient iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction in dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO) using terminal alkynes as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of aryl (9H-pyrido[3,4-b]indol-1-yl)methanones is described. The scope of the protocol includes the total synthesis of Fascaplysin, Eudistomins Y₁ and Y₂. The methodology is extended for preparing pyrrolo[1,2-a]-quinoxaline and indolo[1,5-a]quinoxaline derivatives. The utility of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines was demonstrated by performing palladium-catalyzed β-carboline directed ortho-C(sp2)-H functionalization of the phenyl ring with thiomethyl (SMe) group using DMSO as source and for accessing 4-aryl-canthin-6-ones.     

Synthesis of substituted 2,4,5,6-tetrahydrocyclopenta[c]pyrazoles and 2,4,5,6-tetrahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrazoles by intramolecular nitrilimine cycloaddition

Both substituted 2,4,5,6-tetrahydrocyclopenta[c]pyrazoles and 2,4,5,6-tetrahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrazoles have been synthesized by the 3+2 intramolecular dipolar cycloaddition of nitrilimines to alkynes. This cyclization has been extended to more versatile 3-bromo derivatives by the use of alkynylbromides as dipolarophiles.     

Facile synthesis of bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-ones

In this Letter, we described a facile method for constructing fused bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-one ring system. We employed various methylene-containing carboxylic acids as the substrates and proved that the pyrazolone ring closure requires activated methylene group in intermediate II. Accordingly, a series of structurally diversified, fused bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-ones was prepared in moderate to high yields using the requisite substrates.