Co调变MoS2催化剂的作用本质及其FCC汽油选择性加氢脱硫机理

采用含硫前驱体四硫代钼酸铵直接构建MoS₂催化剂,通过调变Co/Mo原子比深入认识Co调变MoS₂催化剂的作用本质及其FCC汽油选择性加氢脱硫机理。借助XRD、HRTEM、XPS、H₂-TPR和Py-FTIR表征发现,Co/Mo原子比能够影响催化剂的活性相微观结构组成,从而影响催化剂的加氢脱硫活性和选择性。当Co/Mo（atomic ratio）<0.2时,助剂Co原子倾向于占据MoS₂相的边角位而形成CoMoS活性相,明显提高了催化剂的加氢脱硫活性;当0.2 < Co/Mo（atomic ratio） < 0.6时,助剂Co在催化剂表面形成适量的Co₉S₈相,其产生的溢流氢能提高硫化物的脱除活性而对烯烃饱和活性的影响较小;当Co/Mo（atomic ratio）>0.6时,过量的Co会形成大颗粒的Co₉S₈相,阻碍硫化物和烯烃与催化剂活性中心的接触,从而降低催化剂的活性和选择性。     

尖晶石型过渡金属硫化物CuCo2S4与MoS2复合材料的制备及电催化析氢性能

通过简单的三步水热法实现尖晶石型过渡金属硫化物CuCo₂S₄与MoS₂的复合, 以三维多孔泡沫镍(NF)为基底, 制得自支撑催化电极MoS₂@CuCo₂S₄-Ni₃S₂/NF. 高分辨透射电子显微镜(HRTEM)、 X射线衍射(XRD)、 X射线光电子能谱(XPS)、 扫描电子显微镜(SEM)及透射电子显微镜(TEM)表征结果表明, MoS₂纳米片层密集均匀地生长在CuCo₂S₄-Ni₃S₂纳米棒表面, 并形成多级核壳结构. 其碱性条件下(1 mol/L KOH)的电催化析氢性能研究结果表明, MoS₂与CuCo₂S₄的复合和特殊形貌的构筑有效提高了电化学活性面积和电子传导效率, 达到10, 100和300 mA/cm²电流密度分别仅需116, 231和282 mV的过电位, 经2000次循环伏安扫描后, 100 mA/cm²电流密度所对应的过电位仅增大6%, 展现出优异的电催化析氢催化活性及较好的稳定性.     

具有分级纳米结构的In2S3/CdIn2S4在可见光下催化苯甲胺的氧化偶联反应

采用以太阳光为能源、半导体材料为催化剂的催化体系将胺类化合物转化为相应的亚胺类化合物的方法是一种理想的有机合成手段.为了探索这类反应更温和的反应条件及更清晰的反应机理，本工作以NH₂-MIL-68（In）和硫脲为前驱体制备了In₂S₃分级纳米管，并进一步采用热离子交换的方法制备了In₂S₃/CdIn₂S₄纳米管复合材料.采用粉末X射线衍射（XRD）、扫描电子显微镜（SEM）、透射电子显微镜（TEM）、高分辨透射电子显微镜（HRTEM）、紫外-可见漫反射光谱（UV-vis DRS）、荧光光谱（PL）和电化学阻抗谱（EIS）等分析手段对催化剂的结构、形貌、光电性质等进行了表征.实验结果显示，In₂S₃和CdIn₂S₄间有效异质结降低了In₂S₃/CdIn₂S₄复合材料的光生载流子的复合效率，使In₂S₃/CdIn₂S₄具有较高的催化活性.催化剂的活性测试实验结果证明，In₂S₃和CdIn₂S₄间有效异质结和分级结构间的协同作用使In₂S₃/CdIn₂S₄纳米复合材料可作为一种有效的光催化剂催化氧化苯甲胺的偶联反应.活性物种捕获实验证明该反应是由光生空穴（h⁺）引发的.此外，此研究发现苯甲胺的氧化偶联反应同时可以在氧气或氮气条件下发生，打破了该反应必须要有氧气参与的束缚，拓展了苯甲胺氧化偶联反应的适用范围.循环实验结果显示，催化剂可循环使用五次，证明该催化剂具有较好的稳定性.     

介孔Co3O4多面体的制备及电化学性能

通过水热处理Co(NO₃)₂与(NH₄)₂S₂O₈合成了CoOOH多面体, 再经高温煅烧得到具有介孔结构的Co₃O₄多面体; 利用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、 透射电子显微镜(TEM)、 X射线衍射(XRD)和N2吸附\|脱附实验等手段对其结构和组成进行了表征; 研究了反应时间、 反应温度及(NH₄)₂S₂O₈浓度等因素对CoOOH多面体形貌的影响, 分析了CoOOH多面体的形成机理. 性能测试结果表明, 该介孔Co₃O₄多面体具有良好的葡萄糖电化学检测活性, 检测线性范围为0.05~1.8 mmol/L, 响应灵敏度为148 μA·cm^-2·mmol·L^-1, 检出限为1 μmol/L.     

Fe/Co和Ni/Co镍黄铁矿型析氢反应电催化剂

作为析氢反应的电催化剂,富金属的过渡金属硫化物因能克服富硫金属催化剂所存在的如导电性有限和缺乏必要的纳米结构等不足,近年来受到越来越多的关注.本文介绍了具有镍黄铁矿型结构的三元富金属硫化物复合材料FexCo9-xS8和Ni_yCo_9-yS₈(x=y=0-4.5)的合成、表征及其电催化研究.首先,研究了二元钴化合物Co₉S₈中Co逐步被Fe或Ni取代直至4.5当量的变化过程.硫镍铁矿复合物中组分的变化有助于不同温度下酸性介质中的质子还原.其次,在还原电催化条件下,复合物中元素化学计量变化对其电化学活化/失活行为有决定性的影响.与Co₉S₈相比,Co缺陷复合材料表现出了更高的HER性能.Ni/Co化合物通常表现出比类似结构Fe/Co化合物更高的电催化析氢活性.     

Core-shell heterostructure by coupling layered ReS2 with Co9S8 nanocubes for boosted oxygen evolution reaction

The controllable morphology and composition of catalysts are crucial to improving the electrocatalytic activity of oxygen evolution reaction(OER). Herein, we construct a bimetallic heterostructure by sulfidation and hydrothermal methods, and the layered ReS₂ is vertically aligned on Prussian blue-derived hollow Co₉S₈ nanocubes(Co₉S₈@ReS₂). The core-shell structure of Co₉S₈@ReS₂ can effectively prev...     

Synthesis of Co4S3/Co9S8 nanosheets and comparison study toward the OER properties induced by different metal ion doping

Regulation of chemical composition and nanostructure, such as the introduction of dopant into twodimensional nanomaterials, is a general and valid strategy for the efficient electrocatalyst design. In this work, Co₄S₃/Co₉S₈ nanosheets, with an ultrathin layer structure, were successfully synthesized via an efficient solvothermal process combined with ultrasonic exfoliation. Different metal ions(M = Fe³⁺,Cr³⁺, Mn²⁺ and N...     

Synthesis of Co4S3/Co9S8 nanosheets and comparison study toward the OER properties induced by different metal ion doping

Regulation of chemical composition and nanostructure, such as the introduction of dopant into twodimensional nanomaterials, is a general and valid strategy for the efficient electrocatalyst design. In this work, Co₄S₃/Co₉S₈ nanosheets, with an ultrathin layer structure, were successfully synthesized via an efficient solvothermal process combined with ultrasonic exfoliation. Different metal ions(M = Fe³⁺,Cr³⁺, Mn²⁺ and N...     

FeS2/MoS2纳米花异质结室温电催化固氮

氨及其产物在储氢、农业和工业上都不可或缺,与此同时环境问题日益受到关注,二氧化碳零排放、低电能消耗的电催化固氮已经成为世界各国能源发展的重要战略目标．本工作中,从生物固氮酶中的Fe-Mo-S辅助因子获得灵感,一锅法合成了FeS₂/MoS₂双金属硫化物催化剂,用于电化学氮还原(NRR).FeS₂/MoS₂催化剂由纳米片构筑形成的纳米花形貌,增大了催化剂的活性表面积．并且FeS₂/MoS₂双金属硫化物之间的协同作用和异质界面有助于界面间电子转移,提高催化剂的活性．对FeS₂/MoS₂催化剂在0.1mol·L^-1 HCl电解质中进行电化学氮还原测试,-0.2V (νs.RHE)下氨产率最高可达(11.3±0.18)μg·h^-1·mg^-1,法拉第效率为(5.29±0.12)%．在酸性介质中既表现出良好的NRR活性也展示出极好的稳定性．这为进一步探索具有异质...     

Co9S8@Ti3C2正极材料制备及其镁离子电池性能研究

采用模板法合成了Co₉S₈@Ti₃C₂复合材料，通过SEM和XRD研究了复合材料的形貌结构。以不同Co₉S₈负载量的复合材料以及纯相的Co₉S₈作为正极，以纯镁为负极，苯酚氯化镁-氯化铝/四氢呋喃作为电解液，组装镁离子电池进行测试比较。结果表明，与Ti₃C₂的复合能够明显缩短电池的活化时间，并且显著提高其电化学性能，Co₉S₈@Ti₃C₂-2在100 mA/g的电流密度下循环100次后，放电比容量上升到233 mAh/g。此外，在1 000 mA/g的电流密度下，仍然能够实现69 mAh/g的放电比容量。     

A carbanion induced synthesis of highly congested pyrazole and imidazole containing heterocycles

An efficient approach to the synthesis of highly congested di, penta and hexacyclic pyrazoles as well as imidazole fragment containing novel heterocyclic molecule has been developed through a carbanion induced transformation of suitably functionalized 2H-pyran-2-ones, benzo[h]chromene and thiochromeno[4,3-b]pyrans. Due to the presence of fluorescence, we report their prime application metal sensor as off/on switching in ferric ions.     

α-Amino acid derived enaminones and their application in the synthesis of N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates and other heterocycles

A new and simple synthesis of novel N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates, which exist in equilibrium with their 4-oxo tautomers, has been developed in two steps starting from N-protected α-amino acids. The key intermediates are enaminones, which can also be isolated, characterized, and used for the construction of other functionalized heterocycles, before they spontaneously decompose to pyrrole products. 4-Hydroxypyrroles are prone to partial aerial oxidation but can be efficiently alkylated or reduced to stable polysubstituted pyrrolidine derivatives.     

Specific intramolecular aromatic CH insertion of diazosulfonamides

The chemoselectivity in the intramolecular CH insertion of various diazosulfonamides has been experimentally studied. The results reveal that the aliphatic 1,4-, 1,5-, or 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions of diazosulfonamides are not accessible, while the aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion can be realized specifically by adjusting the diazo-adjacent group. In addition, the general chemoselectivities in the intramolecular CH insertions of diazosulfonyl compounds are summarized. Generally, diazosulfones undergo both aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H and aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions, while diazosulfonates undergo aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions. However, diazosulfonamides only undergo aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion.     

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes: synthesis,characterization and their applications in the C-N coupling and α-arylation of ketones using aryl chlorides

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes 3 were successfully achieved in a one-pot procedure under mild conditions. The structure of 3a was unambiguously confirmed by X-ray single crystal diffraction and it was an active catalyst in the Buchwald-Hartwig amination and α-arylation of ketones even at very low catalyst loadings (0.01?mol%).     

Selective synthesis of 4,5-dihydroimidazo- and imidazo[1,5-a]quinoxalines via modified Pictet–Spengler reaction

An efficient tandem approach for the selective synthesis of 4,5-dihydroimidazo[1,5-a]quinoxalines 6a–g and imidazo[1,5-a]quinoxalines 7a–h by the reaction of 2-imidazolyl anilines 4a–c with aryl aldehydes 5a–k under mild reaction conditions is described. Introduction of electron releasing alkyl groups in substrates 4a–b was found to be instrumental for the success of the reaction.     

Understanding the Diels-Alder reactivity of 1,2-azaborine analogues

The Diels-Alder reactivity of 1,2-heteroborines (H₄C₄B(H)X, X?=?NH, PH, AsH; O, S, Se) has been computationally explored by means of Density Functional Theory (DFT) calculations. The influence of the HB?=?X fragment on the reactivity of the system has been quantitatively analyzed in detail by means of the so-called Activation Strain Model (ASM) of reactivity. It is found that the interaction between these species and the dienophile is significantly stronger than that computed for their all-carbon isoelectronic counterpart, benzene. In addition, the strain energy plays a key role in the observed reactivity trends. The role of the aromaticity strength of these heteroarenes on the reactivity is also assessed.     

Synthesis of N-substituted carbazolones from α-iodo enaminones via Pd(0)-catalyzed intramolecular coupling under microwave irradiation

A variety of N-aryl and N-alkyl carbazolones were conveniently achieved in good to high yields via Pd₂(dba)₃-mediated intramolecular coupling of N-substituted α-iodo enaminones under microwave irradiation. The Pd(0)-catalyzed cyclization was found to proceed favorably with the more electron-deficient phenyl ring during the reactions involving unsymmetrical N,N-diaryl α-iodo enaminones. This unique property enables the construction of carbazolone skeleton containing nitro substituted benzenoid ring.     

Iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction using terminal alkyne as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines and fused-nitrogen heterocycles

An efficient iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction in dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO) using terminal alkynes as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of aryl (9H-pyrido[3,4-b]indol-1-yl)methanones is described. The scope of the protocol includes the total synthesis of Fascaplysin, Eudistomins Y₁ and Y₂. The methodology is extended for preparing pyrrolo[1,2-a]-quinoxaline and indolo[1,5-a]quinoxaline derivatives. The utility of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines was demonstrated by performing palladium-catalyzed β-carboline directed ortho-C(sp2)-H functionalization of the phenyl ring with thiomethyl (SMe) group using DMSO as source and for accessing 4-aryl-canthin-6-ones.     

Facile synthesis of bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-ones

In this Letter, we described a facile method for constructing fused bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-one ring system. We employed various methylene-containing carboxylic acids as the substrates and proved that the pyrazolone ring closure requires activated methylene group in intermediate II. Accordingly, a series of structurally diversified, fused bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-ones was prepared in moderate to high yields using the requisite substrates.     

Synthesis of substituted 2,4,5,6-tetrahydrocyclopenta[c]pyrazoles and 2,4,5,6-tetrahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrazoles by intramolecular nitrilimine cycloaddition

Both substituted 2,4,5,6-tetrahydrocyclopenta[c]pyrazoles and 2,4,5,6-tetrahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrazoles have been synthesized by the 3+2 intramolecular dipolar cycloaddition of nitrilimines to alkynes. This cyclization has been extended to more versatile 3-bromo derivatives by the use of alkynylbromides as dipolarophiles.