苯基聚倍半硅氧烷改性大豆油基聚氨酯的合成及其性能研究

以环氧大豆油为起始原料经开环反应合成出大豆油多元醇,并与聚乙二醇(PEG-600)互混作为多元醇原料制备出植物油基聚氨酯.在预聚体合成过程中,加入不同含量的七苯基三环庚硅氧烷三硅醇,通过醇羟基与异氰酸酯基的反应,将聚倍半硅氧烷(POSS)引入到植物油聚氨酯基体中,制备出聚氨酯(PU/POSS)纳米复合材料,并探讨纳米粒子—聚倍半硅氧烷对聚氨酯材料热稳定性,表面疏水性及力学性能的影响.热重分析(TGA)结果表明,在O2条件下,复合材料的初始降解温度Td5和最终稳定温度Tf都会提高,特别是当POSS含量达到9.27 wt%后,聚氨酯在450~500℃之间较强的失重现象消失;DSC结果表明玻璃化温度Tg随粒子含量的增加呈现先增大后减小的趋势;静态接触角测试结果表明随POSS含量的增加,材料表面的疏水、疏油性随之增大.拉伸测试结果表明POSS的引入能在一定程度上提高材料的拉伸强度.     

木材溶液中羟基与异氰酸酯反应的研究

以涂料工业广泛应用的新型助剂二元酸酯 (DBE)为液化试剂 ,盐酸为催化剂 ,将苯甲基化木材溶液化后 ,与不同结构的异氰酸酯反应 .利用FT IR及1 3C NMR分析液化苯甲基木质纤维素与不同结构异氰酸酯得到了聚氨酯树脂 ,证明了木材中羟基可以用来作为聚醚多元醇与异氰酸酯制备聚氨酯材料 .通过准确测量体系中游离的NCO含量 ,从而得出不同结构异氰酸酯与木材溶液中羟基的反应规律 .实验结果表明 ,异氰酸酯的存在大大促进了木材结构中羟基的释放 ,由于不同异氰酸酯的活性不同 ,使得羟基值变化亦不相同 ,其顺序为IPDI>HDI>TDI .为了保证最终的材料性能 ,选择TDI和IPDI作为木材溶液制备聚氨酯树脂的异氰酸酯组份较好     

生物基弹性体研究进展

出于对节约石油资源、保护环境、发展循环经济等考虑,用可再生的生物资源代替石油化学品生产高分子材料已成为人们研究的热点。弹性体是一类应用领域非常广泛的材料,但是绝大多数的弹性体都是以石油基化学品为原料合成的,因此研究生物基弹性体对节约石油资源及保护环境具有重要意义。本文对目前研究较多的三类生物基弹性体—生物基聚氨酯弹性体、生物基聚酰胺弹性体、生物基聚酯弹性体作了简要的综述。主要介绍了合成生物基弹性体的原料、合成路线以及相关的生物基弹性体的性能比较。     

非异氰酸酯聚氨酯的合成与应用

聚氨酯是一种重要的高分子材料,但其关键原料异氰酸酯有毒和湿敏的缺点限制了其应用前景.环碳酸酯化合物与伯胺反应是制备得到聚氨酯的一条新途径,用这种方法合成的非异氰酸酯聚氨酯(NIPU),其羟基氨基甲酸酯基形成分子内氢键而具有比传统聚氨酯更好的耐水解性和机械性能.本文介绍了NIPU的合成机理,总结了环碳酸酯的合成方法,综述...     

提高聚氨酯生物稳定性和相容性的研究进展

聚氨酯因其具有优异的机械性能、良好的生物稳定性和生物相容性等成为目前研究和应用广泛的一种生物高分子材料.但是作为长期植入材料,其生物稳定性和相容性并不完美,因此对聚氨酯材料进行改性来提高其生物稳定性和相容性已成为目前研究的重要方向.本文首先介绍了聚氨酯生物材料的结构特点,概述了其作为生物材料的合成进展情况,然后总结了提...     

生物医用蓖麻油基聚氨酯及其接枝改性的研究进展

蓖麻油是价格低廉的可再生资源,含有大量的羟基,可代替聚酯(醚),合成出蓖麻油基聚氨酯,在生物医学领域有着广阔的发展空间。本文阐述了聚氨酯合成方法,分析了结构特性,并对其蓖麻油基聚氨酯接枝改性进行了较详细的探讨。报道了蓖麻油基聚氨酯接枝改性后的生物医用发展趋势。随着组织修复材料的发展,以天然生物质为原料而制备的该种复合生物材料是有广阔的发展前景。     

CO2/生物基环氢化合物共聚制备绿色聚碳酸酯材料

以CO_2为原料合成脂肪族聚碳酸酯材料不仅利用了廉价、可再生的CO_2资源,而且可以实现全生物降解高分子材料的制备,是一条绿色可持续的高分子材料合成路线。但长期以来,该领域研究多集中在利用CO_2与一些石油来源的环氧烷烃(如环氧丙烷、环氧环己烷等)共聚方面,未能完全摆脱对石油资源的依赖。因此,发展基于生物基的环氧单体制备全生物基高分子材料逐渐成为CO_2基高分子材料研究的热点。生物基来源化合物的引入有助于丰富CO_2基高分子材料的结构和性能,拓展其应用领域。本文综述了近年来利用生物基环氧化合物与CO_2共聚合成全生物基高分子材料的研究进展,并对未来该领域发展的趋势进行了展望。     

pH响应性聚氨酯薄膜的制备

聚氨酯基水凝胶是一种重要的生物医学材料[1 ] ,文献中已报道了块状聚氨酯水凝胶[2 ,3] 、聚氨酯与聚丙烯酸酯的互穿网络水凝胶[4] 、温度及 pH双敏性聚氨酯基水凝胶[5] 等 ,但有关薄膜状聚氨酯凝胶材料还未见报道。本文合成了 5个端丙烯酸酯基聚氨酯预聚物 ,通过紫外光照射固化 ,得到了具有快速pH响应性的敏感薄膜。端丙烯酸酯基聚氨酯预聚物乳液 (PU)参照 [5 ]方法合成。固定聚乙二醇 (PEG)与 2 ,2 二羟甲基丙酸 (DMPA)摩尔比为 3∶7,先使全部的 1 ,6 六亚甲基二异氰酸酯 (HMDI)与PEG及DMPA反应制得异氰酸酯封端的预聚物 ,将该…     

可用于建材防水涂料的含氟聚氨酯的研制及性能研究

以聚醚二元醇和异氰酸酯合成两端含异氰酸酯基的聚氨酯预聚物,将含氟醇与聚氨酯预聚物进行反应,得到端基含氟的聚氨酯,制备了一系列含氟聚氨酯涂料。对涂料的性能研究显示,聚合物对基材具有良好的附着力,且随着含氟量的增大,制备的含氟聚氨酯涂层对水及乙二醇的接触角数值逐渐增大,表面能和吸水率逐渐降低;聚合物体系均一,未发生相分离。表明通过化学方法将含氟链段引入聚氨酯结构,得到了稳定的含氟聚氨酯聚合物,且涂料的表面性能得到提高。该含氟聚氨酯在建材防水涂料领域有广阔的应用前景。     

浅谈聚氨酯产业现状与发展趋势

聚氨酯材料是一类广泛应用的高分子材料,本文针对目前我国聚氨酯制品的广泛应用及其产业的迅猛发展,预测了国内聚氨酯三大基础原料甲苯异氰酸酯(TDI)、二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯(MDI)和聚醚多元醇(PPG)的未来产能,同时从我国人口总量的优势、交通运输业的增长、建筑节能的新需求、休闲市场的新发展及医用材料的应用等几个方面分析了未来拉动聚氨酯产业发展的几大因素,指出国内聚氨酯产业的发展趋势。     

A carbanion induced synthesis of highly congested pyrazole and imidazole containing heterocycles

An efficient approach to the synthesis of highly congested di, penta and hexacyclic pyrazoles as well as imidazole fragment containing novel heterocyclic molecule has been developed through a carbanion induced transformation of suitably functionalized 2H-pyran-2-ones, benzo[h]chromene and thiochromeno[4,3-b]pyrans. Due to the presence of fluorescence, we report their prime application metal sensor as off/on switching in ferric ions.     

α-Amino acid derived enaminones and their application in the synthesis of N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates and other heterocycles

A new and simple synthesis of novel N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates, which exist in equilibrium with their 4-oxo tautomers, has been developed in two steps starting from N-protected α-amino acids. The key intermediates are enaminones, which can also be isolated, characterized, and used for the construction of other functionalized heterocycles, before they spontaneously decompose to pyrrole products. 4-Hydroxypyrroles are prone to partial aerial oxidation but can be efficiently alkylated or reduced to stable polysubstituted pyrrolidine derivatives.     

Specific intramolecular aromatic CH insertion of diazosulfonamides

The chemoselectivity in the intramolecular CH insertion of various diazosulfonamides has been experimentally studied. The results reveal that the aliphatic 1,4-, 1,5-, or 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions of diazosulfonamides are not accessible, while the aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion can be realized specifically by adjusting the diazo-adjacent group. In addition, the general chemoselectivities in the intramolecular CH insertions of diazosulfonyl compounds are summarized. Generally, diazosulfones undergo both aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H and aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions, while diazosulfonates undergo aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions. However, diazosulfonamides only undergo aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion.     

Selective synthesis of 4,5-dihydroimidazo- and imidazo[1,5-a]quinoxalines via modified Pictet–Spengler reaction

An efficient tandem approach for the selective synthesis of 4,5-dihydroimidazo[1,5-a]quinoxalines 6a–g and imidazo[1,5-a]quinoxalines 7a–h by the reaction of 2-imidazolyl anilines 4a–c with aryl aldehydes 5a–k under mild reaction conditions is described. Introduction of electron releasing alkyl groups in substrates 4a–b was found to be instrumental for the success of the reaction.     

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes: synthesis,characterization and their applications in the C-N coupling and α-arylation of ketones using aryl chlorides

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes 3 were successfully achieved in a one-pot procedure under mild conditions. The structure of 3a was unambiguously confirmed by X-ray single crystal diffraction and it was an active catalyst in the Buchwald-Hartwig amination and α-arylation of ketones even at very low catalyst loadings (0.01?mol%).     

Understanding the Diels-Alder reactivity of 1,2-azaborine analogues

The Diels-Alder reactivity of 1,2-heteroborines (H₄C₄B(H)X, X?=?NH, PH, AsH; O, S, Se) has been computationally explored by means of Density Functional Theory (DFT) calculations. The influence of the HB?=?X fragment on the reactivity of the system has been quantitatively analyzed in detail by means of the so-called Activation Strain Model (ASM) of reactivity. It is found that the interaction between these species and the dienophile is significantly stronger than that computed for their all-carbon isoelectronic counterpart, benzene. In addition, the strain energy plays a key role in the observed reactivity trends. The role of the aromaticity strength of these heteroarenes on the reactivity is also assessed.     

Synthesis of N-substituted carbazolones from α-iodo enaminones via Pd(0)-catalyzed intramolecular coupling under microwave irradiation

A variety of N-aryl and N-alkyl carbazolones were conveniently achieved in good to high yields via Pd₂(dba)₃-mediated intramolecular coupling of N-substituted α-iodo enaminones under microwave irradiation. The Pd(0)-catalyzed cyclization was found to proceed favorably with the more electron-deficient phenyl ring during the reactions involving unsymmetrical N,N-diaryl α-iodo enaminones. This unique property enables the construction of carbazolone skeleton containing nitro substituted benzenoid ring.     

Iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction using terminal alkyne as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines and fused-nitrogen heterocycles

An efficient iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction in dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO) using terminal alkynes as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of aryl (9H-pyrido[3,4-b]indol-1-yl)methanones is described. The scope of the protocol includes the total synthesis of Fascaplysin, Eudistomins Y₁ and Y₂. The methodology is extended for preparing pyrrolo[1,2-a]-quinoxaline and indolo[1,5-a]quinoxaline derivatives. The utility of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines was demonstrated by performing palladium-catalyzed β-carboline directed ortho-C(sp2)-H functionalization of the phenyl ring with thiomethyl (SMe) group using DMSO as source and for accessing 4-aryl-canthin-6-ones.     

Synthesis of substituted 2,4,5,6-tetrahydrocyclopenta[c]pyrazoles and 2,4,5,6-tetrahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrazoles by intramolecular nitrilimine cycloaddition

Both substituted 2,4,5,6-tetrahydrocyclopenta[c]pyrazoles and 2,4,5,6-tetrahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrazoles have been synthesized by the 3+2 intramolecular dipolar cycloaddition of nitrilimines to alkynes. This cyclization has been extended to more versatile 3-bromo derivatives by the use of alkynylbromides as dipolarophiles.     

Facile synthesis of bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-ones

In this Letter, we described a facile method for constructing fused bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-one ring system. We employed various methylene-containing carboxylic acids as the substrates and proved that the pyrazolone ring closure requires activated methylene group in intermediate II. Accordingly, a series of structurally diversified, fused bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-ones was prepared in moderate to high yields using the requisite substrates.