磁性核壳介孔氧化硅微球的制备与应用

磁性核壳介孔氧化硅微球作为一种新型功能复合材料,已成为众多研究领域的一个研究热点。本文综述了近年来利用模板法合成磁性核壳介孔氧化硅微球的研究进展,重点阐述了溶胶-凝胶法和微乳液法在实心微球和中空微球制备中的应用。介绍了磁性介孔二氧化硅微球在蛋白质、DNA分离,靶向药物传输等生物医学上的应用以及磁性酸催化、加氢催化、纳米贵金属催化、光催化等催化领域的应用,并对其未来的发展趋势做了展望。     

功能化磁性高分子复合微球的研究进展

功能化磁性高分子复合微球作为一种新型功能材料,在许多领域具有广阔的应用前景。本文对近年来功能化磁性高分子复合微球的制备方法进行了总结,对当前不同方法的优缺点进行了评价与分析;对功能化磁性高分子复合微球在生物工程领域,医学领域,环境、食品领域和功能材料领域进行了阐述。并综合分析了磁性微球在各个领域的优势及已经取得的成果。最后,展望了功能化磁性高分子复合微球的发展前景,提出自己的观点,并列出亟待解决的四个问题。     

磁性蛋白印迹复合微球的研究进展

磁性蛋白印迹复合微球因其特异性识别、高效分离目标蛋白的优点在蛋白分离和检测中具有重要的应用价值。由于蛋白分子自身的结构性质,磁性蛋白印迹材料在制备及进一步提升性能方面还面临着诸多的挑战。本文综述了磁性蛋白印迹复合微球的制备方法及提高其印迹效率的设计策略方面的研究进展,并介绍了磁性蛋白印迹复合微球在蛋白分离、免疫分析、生物传感等方面的应用研究新进展。     

磁性微球的制备方法及应用

磁性微球是一种新型功能材料,具有磁效应和小尺寸效应,在众多领域展现出巨大的应用潜力。本文综述了磁性微球的研究现状,详细介绍了磁性微球的制备方法—包埋法、单体聚合法、溶剂热法和化学共沉淀法等,以及不同方法的优缺点。阐述了磁性微球在电信、半导体、生物医用工程、环保等领域的应用进展,展望了今后的研究方向。     

磁性微球的制备及研究进展

磁性微球作为一种新型功能材料,在磁性材料、生物工程等领域有着广泛的应用前景。文章对磁性高分子微球的制备方法、性质作了较详细的综述,着重介绍了磁性微球在细胞分离、蛋白质的提纯、固定化酶、靶向给药及核酸的分离等领域的应用。     

聚合物基磁性复合微球的研究近况

磁性聚合物微球作为一种新兴起的复合功能材料,由于具有纳米尺寸、超顺磁性、良好的生物相容性、低毒性诸多优点,受到了人们广泛而深入的研究。本文简要介绍了无机磁性粒子的制备方法和磁性聚合物微球的分类,主要对磁性高分子微球的传统制备方法和涌现新方法新技术进行了阐述,并分析了各种制备磁性聚合物微球方法的优缺点及主要影响因素。除此之外,本文也介绍了磁性聚合物微球近年来最新研究成果及应用领域,并对高分子微球未来发展趋势和存在的问题进行了分析。     

磁性高分子微球用于固定化酶的研究进展：生物材料结构及？…

磁性高分子微球是近２０年来发展起来的一种新型功能高分子材料,并已在生物化工、细胞学、生物医学工程等领域得到了广泛应用。本文主要介绍磁性高分子微球的制备和性质以及在固定化酶中的应用。     

磁性高分子微球用于固定化酶的研究进展生物材料结构及性质的基础研究及其应用于药物的控制释放

磁性高分子微球是近20年来发展起来的一种新型功能高分子材料,并已在生物化工、细胞学、生物医学工程等领域得到了广泛应用。本文主要介绍磁性高分子微球的制备和性质以及在固定化酶中的应用。     

磁性微球的制备及应用

磁性微球在生物医学和分离工程等多个领域都有广泛的应用,如固定化酶、靶向药物载体、核磁共振成像、细胞标记及分离、核酸和蛋白质分离纯化、环境治理等.近年来随着纳米新材料及制备工艺的不断创新,磁性微球的制备及应用都取得了大量进展.磁性微球的制备方法主要可以分为4类:(1)包裹法,在微球生成的同时将磁性纳米颗粒包裹在微球基质内,又可以细分为异质聚合法、乳化-溶剂挥发法、膜乳化和微流控技术、反相悬液-交联法、Stober法、聚合诱导胶体聚集法等;(2)模板组装法,在模板微球内部或表面组装磁性纳米颗粒,包括溶胀法、吸附法和静电自组装法等;(3)模板原位生成法,在模板微球的内部或表面原位生成磁性纳米颗粒,包括共沉淀、沉淀-氧化法、有机前驱体热分解法等;(4)溶剂(水)热法,以有机溶剂或水为介质,密闭体系中的反应物在一定的温度和溶液的自生压力下反应得到磁性微球.本文按照制备方法对近几年来磁性微球领域的研究进展进行了总结,包括反应原理、磁性微球的性质、表面功能化和应用介绍.     

磁性高分子微球用于固定化酶的研究进展

磁性高分子微球是近20年来发展起来的一种新型功能高分子材料,并已在生物化工、细胞学、生物医学工程等领域得到了广泛应用.本文主要介绍磁性高分子微球的制备和性质以及在固定化酶中的应用.     

分散聚合法制备液相芯片聚苯乙烯磁性复合微球的研究

本文将丙烯酸基磁流体均匀分散到苯乙烯单体中,采用分散聚合法制备出了适于构建液相芯片微球载体的单分散性微米级磁性微球.考察了丙烯酸基磁流体预处理时间、加料顺序和单体量对微球形貌和粒径分布的影响及其条件优化.扫描电镜(SEM)显示磁性微球平均粒径为7.77 μm,具有良好的单分散性(多分散指数PDI为1.03),并且表面光滑致密;用超导量子干涉磁强计测量了Fe3O4纳米粒子的磁化曲线;用红外光谱(FT-IR)和热失重(TG)方法表征了磁性微球的化学结构及Fe3O4含量.     

Tris(hydroxymethyl)aminomethane-modified magnetic microspheres for rapid affinity purification of lysozyme

A novel affinity purification method for lysozyme (LZM) based on functionalized magnetic microspheres was developed. Tris(hydroxymethyl)aminomethane (Tris)-modified magnetic microspheres with specific affinity toward LZM were prepared using Tris as ligand and silica-coated magnetic microshperes as support. Transmission electron microscopy and magnetic property measurement results showed that the Tris-modified magnetic microspheres have a very good core-shell structure and high magnetization.The maximum binding capacity of LZM was about 108.6 mg/g magnetic microspheres. LZM purified from chicken egg white had high purity and well-maintained activity of 8140 U/mg. This magnetic-mediated LZM purification strategy has advantages of high efficiency, low cost and easy operation.     

磁性壳聚糖微球的制备及对Cr(Ⅵ)的吸附性能研究

用壳聚糖包埋磁流体,用戊二醛交联制成磁性壳聚糖微球,并用红外光谱表征其结构。用制备的磁性壳聚糖微球吸附Cr(Ⅵ)离子,考察了其对Cr(Ⅵ)离子的吸附性能;探讨了吸附时间、溶液pH值、吸附剂用量、温度、Cr(Ⅵ)起始浓度以及其他离子存在对Cr(Ⅵ)离子去除率的影响。实验结果表明,磁性壳聚糖微球吸附Cr(Ⅵ)离子的最佳条件为:吸附平衡时间40 min,最佳吸附pH值6左右,磁性壳聚糖微球用量10 mg,温度升高有利于提高磁性壳聚糖微球的吸附效率,Cr(Ⅵ)离子起始质量浓度为12μg/mL,无机盐的存在引起磁性壳聚糖微球的吸附性能降低。并且考察了吸附剂的再生性能,实验结果表明磁性壳聚糖微球具有良好的重复使用性。     

多孔磁性明胶微球的制备与结构表征

首先通过乳化法得到磁性明胶微球, 然后在高速搅拌条件下向乳液中直接加入正硅酸乙酯(TEOS), 制备出多孔磁性明胶微球. 用SEM, TEM观察了微球的微观形貌, 发现微球呈疏松多孔状结构. 用FT-IR, TGA, VSM等测试手段对微球的结构和性能进行表征. 结果表明, 二氧化硅掺杂于磁性明胶微球中. TEOS在反应中作为明胶微球的交联固化剂, 推测其固化机理是物理交联固化. 实验证实二氧化硅改性后, 磁性明胶微球内部磁性颗粒氧化速度有所降低. 所得到的多孔磁性明胶微球表现出铁磁性.     

Covalent immobilization of albumin on micron‐sized magnetic poly(methyl methacrylate‐divinylbenzene‐glycidyl methacrylate) microspheres prepared by modified suspension polymerization

Micron‐sized magnetic poly(methyl methacrylate‐divinylbenzene‐glycidyl methacrylate) microspheres were prepared by a modified suspension polymerization in the presence of oleic acid‐coated magnetite nanoparticles. The magnetic microspheres were functionalized by reacting the epoxy groups with ammonia solution to provide amino groups. After activated with glutaraldehyde (GA), bovine serum albumin was covalently immobilized on these magnetic microspheres. The influence of initial protein concentration, pH and ionic strength of the protein solution on covalent immobilization was studied. Scanning electron micrographs showed that the magnetic microspheres had an average size of 6.4 µm and relative narrow size distribution. Magnetic measurement revealed the magnetic microspheres were superparamagetic with saturation magnetization of 7.32 emu/g. The successful amination of the magnetic microspheres was confirmed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT‐IR). Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Fe3O4@Al2O3 magnetic core-shell microspheres for rapid and highly specific capture of phosphopeptides with mass spectrometry analysis

Selective detection of phosphopeptides from complex biological samples is a challenging and highly relevant task in many proteomics applications. In this study, a novel phosphopeptide enrichment approach based on the strong interaction of Fe(3)O(4)@Al(2)O(3) magnetic core-shell microspheres with phosphopeptides has been developed. With a well-defined core-shell structure, the Fe(3)O(4)@Al(2)O(3) magnetic core-shell microspheres not only have a shell of aluminum oxide, giving them a high-trapping capacity for the phosphopeptides, but also have magnetic property that enables easy isolation by positioning an external magnetic field. The prepared Fe(3)O(4)@Al(2)O(3) magnetic core-shell microspheres have been successfully applied to the enrichment of phosphopeptides from the tryptic digest of standard phosphoproteins beta-casein and ovalbumin. The excellent selectivity of this approach was demonstrated by analyzing phosphopeptides in the digest mixture of beta-casein and bovine serum albumin with molar ratio of 1:50 as well as tryptic digest product of casein and five protein mixtures. The results also proved a stronger selective ability of Fe(3)O(4)@Al(2)O(3) magnetic core-shell microspheres over Fe(3+)-immobilized magnetic silica microspheres, commercial Fe(3+)-IMAC (immobilized metal affinity chromatography) resin, and TiO(2) beads. Finally, the Al(2)O(3) coated Fe(3)O(4) microspheres were successfully utilized for enrichment of phosphopeptides from digestion products of rat liver extract. These results show that Fe(3)O(4)@Al(2)O(3) magnetic core-shell microspheres are very good materials for rapid and selective separation and enrichment of phosphopeptides.     

磁性二氧化硅微球的表面修饰及其在植物基因组核酸纯化中的应用

在利用自主研发的专利技术制备球形磁性硅胶微球的基础上,对磁性硅胶微球进行表面改性,使其表面分别键合硅羟基、环氧基、邻二醇基和羧基等官能团,并对表面官能团进行了定量研究。以小牛胸腺基因组脱氧核糖核酸(DNA)为模型化合物,研究了核酸在不同表面官能团的磁性硅胶上的吸附和脱附行为,发现表面具有硅醇基的磁球对DNA的回收率最高。将改性后磁性微球应用于玉米DNA的提取,得到了平均长度大于8kb的高纯度基因组DNA。与传统的有机溶剂抽提法相比,基于磁性微球的核酸固相萃取法具有快速简便、省时省力、易于自动化的特点,适合于大规模植物基因组DNA的样品制备。     

Surface molecularly imprinted magnetic microspheres for the recognition of albumin

A new approach, combining metal coordination with the molecular imprinting technique, was developed to prepare affinity materials. Magnetic poly(glycidyl methacrylate) microspheres in monosize form were used for specific recognition toward the target protein. The magnetic poly(glycidyl methacrylate) microspheres were prepared by dispersion polymerization in the presence of magnetite nanopowder. Surface imprinted magnetic poly(glycidyl methacrylate) microspheres based on metal coordination were prepared and used for the selective recognition of human serum albumin. Iminodiacetic acid was used as the metal coordinating agent and human serum albumin was anchored by Cu²⁺ ions on the surface of magnetic poly(glycidyl methacrylate) microspheres by metal coordination. The magnetic poly(glycidyl methacrylate) microspheres were coated with a polymer formed by condensation of tetraethyl orthosilicate and 3‐aminopropyltrimethoxysilane. The human serum albumin imprinted magnetic poly(glycidyl methacrylate) microspheres were characterized by scanning electron microscopy, attenuated total reflectance Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and particle size analysis. The maximum adsorption capacity of human serum albumin imprinted magnetic poly(glycidyl methacrylate) microspheres was 37.7 mg/g polymer at pH 6.0. The selectivity experiments of human serum albumin imprinted magnetic poly(glycidyl methacrylate) microspheres prepared with different concentrations in the presence of lysozyme, bovine serum albumin and cytochrome C were performed in order to determine the relative selectivity coefficients.     

含氨基和环氧基双功能基的聚合物刷磁性微球的制备及对青霉素G酰化酶的固定化

在内部分散超顺磁性Fe3O4纳米粒子的二乙烯苯交联聚丙烯酸微球表面引入原子转移自由基聚合(ATRP)引发剂,引发聚合向微球表面分别引入P(GMMA-r-DMAEMA-r-GMA)、P(GMMA-r-DMAEMA)和P(GMMA-r-GMA)无规共聚物刷(GMMA为甲基丙烯酸甘油单酯,DMAEMA为甲基丙烯酸-N,N-二甲氨基乙酯,GMA为甲基丙烯酸缩水甘油酯),聚合物刷中GMMA链节的作用是使聚合物刷具有亲水性,DMAEMA引入氨基,GMA引入环氧基.研究了青霉素G酰化酶在这些载体上的固定化和其酶活性.结果表明,同时引入环氧基和氨基的P(GMMA-r-DMAEMA-r-GMA)刷磁性微球固定化青霉素G酰化酶的活性和活性收率都最高,其固定化动力学比只含环氧基P(GMMA-r-GMA)刷磁性微球的好.固定化酶比自由酶更耐热,固定化酶的最佳pH值比自由酶的略高,固定化酶重复使用10次后其活性保留70%.     

Poly(styrene-acrylic acid) magnetic polymer microspheres

Magnetic polymer microspheres have been considered as a kind of new biopolymer materials with great advantages in bioseparation engineering and biomedicine engineering because they have not only polymer functional groups but also magnetic characteristics. Styrene-acrylic acid copolymer (p(S-AA)) magnetic microspheres were synthesized by dispersion polymerization with Fe₃O₄ as core and p(S-AA) as shell. The microspheres were characterized by SEM, size analysis, molecular weight and solid content measurement. All of them indicate that the microspheres are small in size, narrow in distribution, stable in chemistry and rich in functional groups on their surface. __________ Translated from Journal of Beijing Union University (Natural Science) 2008, 21(3): 82–84