我国煤加氢热解研究Ⅲ．神府煤加氢、催化加氢及H_2－CH_4气氛下热解的研究

本文在５ｇ固定床反应器中对神府榆家梁煤的加氢，ＭｏＳ＿２催化加氢及模拟焦炉气（５０％Ｈ＿２－５０％ＣＨ＿４）下的热解进行了研究，反应温度７９３～９７３Ｋ，压力０．１～１５ＭＰａ，升温速率５Ｋ／ｓ。实验结果表明，由于煤加氢热解反应受传质控制，因此，不同反应器与工艺参数对热解反应影响很大；热解产物的焦油／气体收率比值可较好反映氢的有效利用率；高温和高压有利于煤加氢气化反应，导致氢耗增加，氢有效利用率下降；催化剂的存在不仅促进加氢反应，而且也加快了芳环开环及加氢气化反应；甲烷在本研究的温度和压力条件下相当于惰性组分，加氢热解反应取决于氢分压，说明以焦炉气代替氧气进行煤加氢热解是可行的。     

流化床气化炉飞灰气化反应性的研究 Ⅰ．与实验室制备焦气化反应性的差别

本文报道了两种不同的神府焦，以二氧化碳、水蒸汽及其混合物为气化介质，于热天平上在９００～１０００℃条件下进行气化反应性对比实验的结果。研究结果发现：在Ｃ＋ＣＯ＿２反应情况下，中试流化床气化炉捕集的飞灰反应活性要高于实验室自制焦的反应活性，有水蒸汽参与的反应，Ｃ＋Ｈ＿２Ｏ，Ｃ＋ＣＯ＿２＋Ｈ＿２Ｏ（０．０６ＭＰａ，０．０４ＭＰａ）反应，自制焦的反应性大于飞灰的反应性。结合两种反应的不同反应过程，从微观结构特征上分析了微孔表面积同反应性的关系。     

流化床气化炉飞灰气化反应性的研究：Ⅱ.飞灰气化动力学的研究

本文报导了两种不同飞灰，以二氧化碳，水蒸汽及其混合物为气化介质，于热天平上９００－１０００℃条件下进行气化动力学的研究。结果发现，飞灰的气化速率随转化率的增大而降低，吾直线关系，提高温度２０℃或气体发压０．２ＭＰａ，反应速率相应提高１倍左右及０．１－０．３倍。     

神木煤显微组分加氢热解特性的研究

在加压热天平上终温900℃，升温速率20℃／min,0.1MPa-3MPa的条件下考察了神木煤显微组分加氢热解的热失重行为、半焦元素分布、脱硫脱氮率及半焦的燃烧反应特性。结果表明：镜质组和丝质组的加氢热解失重行为相似，在378℃－718℃出现明显失重峰，但镜质组加氢热解失重峰温低，失重速率大，在实验压力范围（0.1MPa－3MPa)内，随热解压力升高，半焦中C含量增加，H、O含量下降，脱硫脱氮率增加，在压力为3MPa时，镜质组的脱硫率显著高于丝质组，镜质组加氢热解半焦的燃烧反应性高于丝质组半焦，随加氢热解压力的增加，半焦的燃烧反应性表现出先下降后增加的趋势。     

我国煤加氢热解研究—Ⅲ.神府煤加氢,催化加氢及H2—CH4气氛下热解的研究

本文在５ｇ固定床反应器中对神府榆家梁煤的加氢，ＭｏＳ２催化加氢及模拟焦炉气下的热解进行了研究，反应温度７９３－９７３Ｋ，压力０．１－１５ＭＰａ，升温速率５Ｋ／ｓ。实验结果表明，由于煤加氢热解反应受传控制，因此，不同反应器与工艺参数对热解反应影响很大；热解产物的焦油／气体收率比值可较好反映氢的有效利用率；高温和高压有利于煤加氢气化反应，导致氢耗增加，氢有效利用率下降；催化剂的存在不仅促进加氢反应，而     

煤加氢热解研究：Ⅰ.宁夏灵武煤加氢热解的研究

本文在１００克固定床反应器中对宁夏灵武不粘结煤的加氢热解进行了研究，反应温度７７３～１０７０Ｋ，压力０．２～４ＭＰａ，反应产物的收率与组成和惰性气氛下的热解进行了比较。研究结果指出：在氢气气氛下热解转化率和焦油收率大大提高，表明了在氢压下煤热解初期生成的自由基与氢反应，抑制了自由基间的相互结合，而生成较多的低分子化合物。与惰性气氛下热解相比，温度 ８７３Ｋ和压力为３ＭＰａ下的加氢热解焦油收率提高２     

煤—焦炉气共热解特性的研究：Ⅰ.固定床热解反应特性

在１０ｇ固定床反应器中对先锋褐煤在焦炉气气氛下的热解特性及有关工艺参数，如反应压力，升温速度等的影响进行了详细考察，并在其同等条件下的加氢热解特性进行了对比分析。实验结果表明，在反应压力５ＭＰａ，升温速率５Ｋ／ｍｉｎ，终态温度９２３Ｋ条件下，先锋褐煤在焦炉所氢气下的热解转化率为５９．０％，焦油收率达３８５．８％。     

煤与废塑料共焦化基础研究：Ⅰ.固定床低温共焦化特性特性及半焦性 …

在１０ｇ固定反应器中,反应压力０．２ＭＰａ,氮气气氛采用程序升温即室温１５Ｋ／ｎｍｉｎ５７３Ｋ→５Ｋ／ｍｉｎ８７３Ｋ→３停留１５ｍｉｂ反应终止的条件下,考察添加聚乙烯,聚丙烯,聚苯乙烯及不同配比时与枣庄八一焦煤的低温共焦化特性,包括对焦煤的半焦,焦油产率及热解水生成率的影响;     

煤-焦炉气共热解特性的研究Ⅰ.固定床热解反应特性

在１０ｇ固定床反应器中对先锋褐煤在焦炉气气氛下的热解特性及有关工艺参数，如反应压力、升温速率等的影响进行了详细考察，并与其同等条件下的加氢热解特性进行了对比分析。实验结果表明，在反应压力５ＭＰａ、升温速率５Ｋ／ｍｉｎ，终态温度９２３Ｋ条件下，先锋褐煤在焦炉气气氛下的热解转化率为５９．０％（ｄａｆ），焦油收率达３５．８％（ｄａｆ）。与同等条件下的纯氢气氛（３ＭＰａ）相比，转化率降低了约７％（ｄａｆ），而焦油收率提高了约７％（ｄａｆ）。这说明焦炉气中的诸如甲烷等其它组分的存在对煤的热解行为有重要作用。由于煤加氢热解受传质影响，因此不同工艺参数对热解反应影响很大，较高压力下的慢速升温有利于提高转化率和油品收率；升温速率对油品收率影响较为明显，慢速升温有利于提高油品收率。     

钌催化剂存在下的氨湿法氧化反应条件与N2选择性

在完全除去铵离子的湿法氧化反应中，一种钌催化剂能够将文献报道的反应条件从５４３Ｋ，７．０ＭＰａ缓和为４５３Ｋ，３．０ＭＰａ但是，在相对温和的反应条件下，Ｎ２选择性不够理想，并受到操作条件如ｐＨ，反应温度，空填充压力及催化剂用量的影响。     

α-Amino acid derived enaminones and their application in the synthesis of N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates and other heterocycles

A new and simple synthesis of novel N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates, which exist in equilibrium with their 4-oxo tautomers, has been developed in two steps starting from N-protected α-amino acids. The key intermediates are enaminones, which can also be isolated, characterized, and used for the construction of other functionalized heterocycles, before they spontaneously decompose to pyrrole products. 4-Hydroxypyrroles are prone to partial aerial oxidation but can be efficiently alkylated or reduced to stable polysubstituted pyrrolidine derivatives.     

Specific intramolecular aromatic CH insertion of diazosulfonamides

The chemoselectivity in the intramolecular CH insertion of various diazosulfonamides has been experimentally studied. The results reveal that the aliphatic 1,4-, 1,5-, or 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions of diazosulfonamides are not accessible, while the aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion can be realized specifically by adjusting the diazo-adjacent group. In addition, the general chemoselectivities in the intramolecular CH insertions of diazosulfonyl compounds are summarized. Generally, diazosulfones undergo both aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H and aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions, while diazosulfonates undergo aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions. However, diazosulfonamides only undergo aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion.     

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes: synthesis,characterization and their applications in the C-N coupling and α-arylation of ketones using aryl chlorides

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes 3 were successfully achieved in a one-pot procedure under mild conditions. The structure of 3a was unambiguously confirmed by X-ray single crystal diffraction and it was an active catalyst in the Buchwald-Hartwig amination and α-arylation of ketones even at very low catalyst loadings (0.01?mol%).     

Iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction using terminal alkyne as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines and fused-nitrogen heterocycles

An efficient iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction in dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO) using terminal alkynes as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of aryl (9H-pyrido[3,4-b]indol-1-yl)methanones is described. The scope of the protocol includes the total synthesis of Fascaplysin, Eudistomins Y₁ and Y₂. The methodology is extended for preparing pyrrolo[1,2-a]-quinoxaline and indolo[1,5-a]quinoxaline derivatives. The utility of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines was demonstrated by performing palladium-catalyzed β-carboline directed ortho-C(sp2)-H functionalization of the phenyl ring with thiomethyl (SMe) group using DMSO as source and for accessing 4-aryl-canthin-6-ones.     

Facile synthesis of bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-ones

In this Letter, we described a facile method for constructing fused bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-one ring system. We employed various methylene-containing carboxylic acids as the substrates and proved that the pyrazolone ring closure requires activated methylene group in intermediate II. Accordingly, a series of structurally diversified, fused bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-ones was prepared in moderate to high yields using the requisite substrates.     

A carbanion induced synthesis of highly congested pyrazole and imidazole containing heterocycles

An efficient approach to the synthesis of highly congested di, penta and hexacyclic pyrazoles as well as imidazole fragment containing novel heterocyclic molecule has been developed through a carbanion induced transformation of suitably functionalized 2H-pyran-2-ones, benzo[h]chromene and thiochromeno[4,3-b]pyrans. Due to the presence of fluorescence, we report their prime application metal sensor as off/on switching in ferric ions.     

Synthesis of pyrrolo[1,2-a]pyrazines and pyrazino[1,2-a]indoles by Curtius reaction in Morita-Baylis-Hillman derivatives

Synthesis of substituted pyrrolo[1,2-a]pyrazines and pyrazino[1,2-a]indoles from the Morita-Baylis-Hillman derivatives of acrylates via saponification followed by Curtius reaction is described.     

正丁胺对激光染料荧光谱影响的研究

用正丁胺作为碳源,采用射频辉光放电制备碳膜,选用激光染料R6G和聚乙二醇混合液作为蒸气源,采用单源热蒸发,在蒸发室与染料同时沉积得到混合膜,用拉曼光谱和红外光谱分析了碳膜的结构和键合方式,分析表明:碳膜中存在胺基团和氢原子.混合膜的荧光谱测量结果表明,认为正丁胺对染料荧光谱的影响是因为胺基和氢原子的存在.     

Selective synthesis of 4,5-dihydroimidazo- and imidazo[1,5-a]quinoxalines via modified Pictet–Spengler reaction

An efficient tandem approach for the selective synthesis of 4,5-dihydroimidazo[1,5-a]quinoxalines 6a–g and imidazo[1,5-a]quinoxalines 7a–h by the reaction of 2-imidazolyl anilines 4a–c with aryl aldehydes 5a–k under mild reaction conditions is described. Introduction of electron releasing alkyl groups in substrates 4a–b was found to be instrumental for the success of the reaction.     

Understanding the Diels-Alder reactivity of 1,2-azaborine analogues

The Diels-Alder reactivity of 1,2-heteroborines (H₄C₄B(H)X, X?=?NH, PH, AsH; O, S, Se) has been computationally explored by means of Density Functional Theory (DFT) calculations. The influence of the HB?=?X fragment on the reactivity of the system has been quantitatively analyzed in detail by means of the so-called Activation Strain Model (ASM) of reactivity. It is found that the interaction between these species and the dienophile is significantly stronger than that computed for their all-carbon isoelectronic counterpart, benzene. In addition, the strain energy plays a key role in the observed reactivity trends. The role of the aromaticity strength of these heteroarenes on the reactivity is also assessed.