催化光度法测定痕量铁的研究──Fe（Ⅲ）－对乙酰基偶氮胂－H＿2O＿2体系

本文基于在弱酸性介质中及活化剂α，　α－联吡啶存在下，痕量铁（Ⅲ）对过氧化氢氧化对乙酰基偶氮胂的反应有强烈的催化作用，建立了催化光度法测定痕量铁的新方法。该法灵敏度为１；１４×１０￣（－１１）ｇ／ｍＬ，测定范围为０～０．１０μｇ　Ｆｅ￣３＋／２５ｍＬ，表观活化能为８２．２４ＫＪ／ｍｏｌ。应用于大米、小米和小麦中痕量铁的测定，结果满意。     

催化褪色光度法测定牡蛎中痕量铁

采用催化褪色光度法测定牡蛎中痕量铁，以获得牡蛎生长过程中富集重金属的信息。Ｆｅ（Ⅲ）在硫酸介质中能催化过氧化氢氧化甲基红的反应，并研究了影响褪色反应速度的最佳条件，方法的灵敏度为６×１０－１１ｇ／ｍＬ，测定范围为０～０．０４８μｇ／ｍＬＦｅ（Ⅲ）。方法简便，有较高的选择性。     

催化荧光法测定痕量铁的研究

本利用Ｆｅ（Ⅲ）与四乙撑五胺协同催化过氧化氢氧化还原型二氯荧光素的反应，提出了测定痕量Ｆｅ（Ⅲ）的新催化荧光方法。方法的线性范围为０．０１－０．３０μｇ／２５ｍｌ，检出限为１．３×１０＾－＾１＾０ｇ／ｍｌ，常见离子不干扰测定。用于人发，指甲，血清和面粉中痕量铁的测定，回收率为９７％－１０４％。     

铁(Ⅲ)-高碘酸钾-过氧化氢-变色酸2R催化动力学光度法测定痕量铁的研究

研究了测定铁的一种新指示反应，在稀硫酸介质中，痕量铁（Ⅲ）对高碘酸钾与过氧化氢协同氧化变色酸２Ｒ的褪色反应具有强烈催化作用，其反应的动力学条件，表观活化能Ｅ′＝１８９．８１ｋＪ／ｍｏｌ，表观反应速率常数Ｋ＝５．６７×１０－４／ｓ，半衰期ｔ１／２＝２０．３７ｍｉｎ。反应温度为９０℃，试验表明ｌｇＡ０／Ａ与Ｆｅ（Ⅲ）的浓度在３０～１００ｎｇ／２５ｍＬ范围内符合Ｂｅｒ定律，建立了催化动力学光度法测定痕量铁的新方法。方法的检测限为１．２５×１０－９ｇ／Ｌ，加入回收率在９７．０％～１０２％，应用于测定西洋参口服液、美国花旗参茶和天然矿泉水中铁的含量结果满意。     

烟草中Fe,Co一阶导数分光光度法同时测定的研究

本文研究了在ｐＨ４．０时，ｍｅｓｏ－四（４－磺酸基苯基）卟啉与铁、钴同时络合显色的反应条件以及一阶导数光谱行为。此体系一阶导数的灵敏度比零阶导数灵敏度高。Ｆｅ￣（３＋）～０．１８μｇ／ｍＬ、Ｃｏ￣（２＋）０～０．２４μｇ／ｍｌ，范围内符合比耳定律；检测限为：Ｆｅ￣（３＋）＝０．４８ｎｇ／ｍＬ，Ｃｏ￣（２＋）＝０．２ｎｇ／ｍＬ。回收率为：Ｆｅ９８．５％～１００．８％，Ｃｏ９９．２％～１０１．３％。此方法用于烟草中痕量Ｆｅ、Ｃｏ测定，与ＡＡＳ值相比较，结果令人满意。     

铁（Ⅲ）—高碘酸钾—过氧化氢—变色酸2R催化动力学光度法测定痕量铁…

研究了测定铁的一种新指示反应，在稀硫酸介质中，痕量铁（Ⅲ）对高碘酸钾与过氧化氢协同氧化变色酸２Ｒ的褪色反应具有强烈催化作用，其反应动力学条件，表观活化能Ｅ′＝１８９．８１ｋＪ／ｍｏｌ表观反应速率常数Ｋ＝５．６７×１０＾－４／ｓ半衰期ｔ１／２＝２０．３７ｍｉｎ，反应温度为９０℃，试验表明１ｇＡ０／Ａ与Ｆｅ（Ⅲ）的浓度在３０～１００ｎｇ／２５ｍＬ，范围内符合Ｂｅｅｒ定律，建立了催化动力学光度法测定痕量     

催化褪色光度法测定痕量铁的研究

研究了在ｐＨ４．５的弱酸性介质中，利用邻菲罗啉活化过氧化氢氧化紫脲酸铵褪色的指示反应，建立了催化动力学光度法测定痕量铁的新方法，方法的检出限为６．５×１０＾－７ｇ／Ｌ线性范围为０～１．０μｇ／２５ｍＬ，用于水，粮食中痕量铁的测定，结果满意。     

催化动力学法测定痕量硒（Ⅳ）

１引言利用催化动力学光度法测定痕量硒已有报道，但都存在Ｆｅ３＋等一些共存离子干扰等问题。作者通过实验观察到，在盐酸介质中，Ｓｅ（Ⅳ）能强烈催化氯酸钾氧化甲苯胺兰褪色反应，据此建立了催化动力学光度法测定痕量硒的一种新方法。方法具有体系简单稳定，选择性好等特点，检出限为８４ｘ１０－７ｇ／Ｌ，线性范围为０～９×１０－７ｇ／２５ｍＬ。直接用于水；人发、面粉和牛奶等食品样中的痕量硒（Ⅳ）测定，结果较好。２实验方法在两支相同的２５ｍＬ比色管中，一支加入０．５μｇ的标准硒（Ⅳ）工作溶液，另一支不加。然后依次分…     

单柱离子色谱法同时测定磷酸中痕量钠（Ⅰ）和铁（Ⅲ）

以酒石酸－乙二胺为淋洗液的单柱离子色谱法同时测定磷酸中痕量钠（Ⅰ）和铁（Ⅲ）。淋洗液最佳浓度为４．０ｍｍｏｌ．Ｌ￣（－１）、酒石酸／１．０ｍ　ｍｏｌ·Ｌ￣（－１）乙二胺。最低检测限为Ｎａ￣＋０．０５μｇ／ｍＬ、　Ｆｅ３＋　０．４５μｇ／ｍＬ。电导检测灵敏度为２．０μｇ／ｃｍ。线性范围Ｎａ￣＋、Ｆｅ３＋０．２～１．５×１０３μｇ／ｍＬ、２．５～１．０×１０３μｇ／ｍＬ。相对平均偏差Ｎａ￣＋为２．０３％、Ｆｅ３＋为０．８３％。平均回收率Ｎａ￣＋为９８．２６％、Ｆｅ３＋为９７．６２％。本法简便、快速、准确、选择性好。     

新体系Fe（Ⅲ）—KIO4—偶氮氯膦Ⅲ催化动力学光度法测定食品痕量铁的…

研究了在硫酸介质中，痕量Ｆｅ（Ⅲ）催化高碘酸钾氧化氮氯膦Ⅲ的褪色反应及其动力学条件。本法检测限为８．７８×１０＾－９ｇ／Ｌ，测Ｆｅ（Ⅲ）范围０－１．４μｇ／１０ｍＬ，采用巯基葡聚糖凝胶分离富集，使本法选择性大大提高，建立了一种高灵敏、高选择测定痕量Ｆｅ（Ⅲ）的新方法，用于食品中痕量Ｆｅ（Ⅲ）的测定，结果满意。     

A carbanion induced synthesis of highly congested pyrazole and imidazole containing heterocycles

An efficient approach to the synthesis of highly congested di, penta and hexacyclic pyrazoles as well as imidazole fragment containing novel heterocyclic molecule has been developed through a carbanion induced transformation of suitably functionalized 2H-pyran-2-ones, benzo[h]chromene and thiochromeno[4,3-b]pyrans. Due to the presence of fluorescence, we report their prime application metal sensor as off/on switching in ferric ions.     

α-Amino acid derived enaminones and their application in the synthesis of N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates and other heterocycles

A new and simple synthesis of novel N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates, which exist in equilibrium with their 4-oxo tautomers, has been developed in two steps starting from N-protected α-amino acids. The key intermediates are enaminones, which can also be isolated, characterized, and used for the construction of other functionalized heterocycles, before they spontaneously decompose to pyrrole products. 4-Hydroxypyrroles are prone to partial aerial oxidation but can be efficiently alkylated or reduced to stable polysubstituted pyrrolidine derivatives.     

Specific intramolecular aromatic CH insertion of diazosulfonamides

The chemoselectivity in the intramolecular CH insertion of various diazosulfonamides has been experimentally studied. The results reveal that the aliphatic 1,4-, 1,5-, or 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions of diazosulfonamides are not accessible, while the aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion can be realized specifically by adjusting the diazo-adjacent group. In addition, the general chemoselectivities in the intramolecular CH insertions of diazosulfonyl compounds are summarized. Generally, diazosulfones undergo both aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H and aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions, while diazosulfonates undergo aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions. However, diazosulfonamides only undergo aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion.     

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes: synthesis,characterization and their applications in the C-N coupling and α-arylation of ketones using aryl chlorides

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes 3 were successfully achieved in a one-pot procedure under mild conditions. The structure of 3a was unambiguously confirmed by X-ray single crystal diffraction and it was an active catalyst in the Buchwald-Hartwig amination and α-arylation of ketones even at very low catalyst loadings (0.01?mol%).     

Selective synthesis of 4,5-dihydroimidazo- and imidazo[1,5-a]quinoxalines via modified Pictet–Spengler reaction

An efficient tandem approach for the selective synthesis of 4,5-dihydroimidazo[1,5-a]quinoxalines 6a–g and imidazo[1,5-a]quinoxalines 7a–h by the reaction of 2-imidazolyl anilines 4a–c with aryl aldehydes 5a–k under mild reaction conditions is described. Introduction of electron releasing alkyl groups in substrates 4a–b was found to be instrumental for the success of the reaction.     

Understanding the Diels-Alder reactivity of 1,2-azaborine analogues

The Diels-Alder reactivity of 1,2-heteroborines (H₄C₄B(H)X, X?=?NH, PH, AsH; O, S, Se) has been computationally explored by means of Density Functional Theory (DFT) calculations. The influence of the HB?=?X fragment on the reactivity of the system has been quantitatively analyzed in detail by means of the so-called Activation Strain Model (ASM) of reactivity. It is found that the interaction between these species and the dienophile is significantly stronger than that computed for their all-carbon isoelectronic counterpart, benzene. In addition, the strain energy plays a key role in the observed reactivity trends. The role of the aromaticity strength of these heteroarenes on the reactivity is also assessed.     

Synthesis of N-substituted carbazolones from α-iodo enaminones via Pd(0)-catalyzed intramolecular coupling under microwave irradiation

A variety of N-aryl and N-alkyl carbazolones were conveniently achieved in good to high yields via Pd₂(dba)₃-mediated intramolecular coupling of N-substituted α-iodo enaminones under microwave irradiation. The Pd(0)-catalyzed cyclization was found to proceed favorably with the more electron-deficient phenyl ring during the reactions involving unsymmetrical N,N-diaryl α-iodo enaminones. This unique property enables the construction of carbazolone skeleton containing nitro substituted benzenoid ring.     

Iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction using terminal alkyne as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines and fused-nitrogen heterocycles

An efficient iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction in dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO) using terminal alkynes as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of aryl (9H-pyrido[3,4-b]indol-1-yl)methanones is described. The scope of the protocol includes the total synthesis of Fascaplysin, Eudistomins Y₁ and Y₂. The methodology is extended for preparing pyrrolo[1,2-a]-quinoxaline and indolo[1,5-a]quinoxaline derivatives. The utility of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines was demonstrated by performing palladium-catalyzed β-carboline directed ortho-C(sp2)-H functionalization of the phenyl ring with thiomethyl (SMe) group using DMSO as source and for accessing 4-aryl-canthin-6-ones.     

Facile synthesis of bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-ones

In this Letter, we described a facile method for constructing fused bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-one ring system. We employed various methylene-containing carboxylic acids as the substrates and proved that the pyrazolone ring closure requires activated methylene group in intermediate II. Accordingly, a series of structurally diversified, fused bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-ones was prepared in moderate to high yields using the requisite substrates.     

Synthesis of substituted 2,4,5,6-tetrahydrocyclopenta[c]pyrazoles and 2,4,5,6-tetrahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrazoles by intramolecular nitrilimine cycloaddition

Both substituted 2,4,5,6-tetrahydrocyclopenta[c]pyrazoles and 2,4,5,6-tetrahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrazoles have been synthesized by the 3+2 intramolecular dipolar cycloaddition of nitrilimines to alkynes. This cyclization has been extended to more versatile 3-bromo derivatives by the use of alkynylbromides as dipolarophiles.