生物大分子肝素修饰电极的制备及其应用——痕量铜的测定

本文利用肝素与某些金属离子之间强烈的亲和作用，设计成了一种新型的伏安传感器，这处用肝素修饰的玻碳电极被用于前量铜的阳极溶出伏安测定。该电极制作简便，具有较好的重现性，选择性和较高的灵敏度，本方法测定铜的线性范围为２．０×１０＾－８ｍｏｌ／Ｌ～１．０×１０＾－６ｍｏｌ／Ｌ，检测下限为１．０×１０＾－９ｍｏｌ／Ｌ，同一支修饰电极平行测定１０次的相对标准偏差是３．２０％。     

硅钼杂多阴离子薄膜修饰电极线性扫描伏安法测定黑液中要溶性硅

本报导了以玻碳电极为基体的１∶１２硅钼杂多阴离子薄膜化学修，铈电极的制备及其电化学特性。并应用于导数伏安法测定。在４．０×１０＾－３ｍｏｌ／Ｌ９ＮＨ４）６Ｍｏ７Ｏ２４－６６．８×１０＾－２ｍｏｌ／ＬＮａ３Ｃｉｔ－０．４８ｍｏｌ／Ｌ ＮＨＯ３体系中，硅浓度在８．３×１０＾－７～１．７×１０＾－３ｍｏｌ／Ｌ。对可溶性硅（以ＳｉＯ２计）为２４５．０５ｍｇ／Ｌ的黑液，稀释１０倍后，取２．００ｍＬ平行测定     

托美汀的吸附伏安法研究

在０．２ｍｏｌ／Ｌ ＮＨ３－ＮＨ４Ｃｌ底液中，托美汀在悬汞电极上有一灵敏的还原峰。峰电位为Ｅｐｃ＝－１．４８Ｖ，该峰具有明显的吸附性，峰电流ｉｐｃ与ＴＯＬ浓度在４．０×１０＾－９－７．０×１０＾－７ｍｏｌ／Ｌ范围内呈线性关系；检出限为５．０×１０＾－１０ｍｏｌ／ｌ，用该法测定了片剂ＴＯＬ的含量，结果良好。     

铁的单点络合滴定法研究

本研究了Ｆｅ＾３＋的单点络合滴定法，导出了定量关系式，比较了以铂电极为指示电极和以ＰＶＣ膜四氯络铁（Ⅲ）阴离子电极为指示电极时电位测量的稳定性及所得的分析结果。在Ｆｅ＾３＋浓度为１．０００×１０＾－３ｍｏｌ／Ｌ时，１８次实验的平均值为１．０２×１０＾－４ｍｏｌ／Ｌ，相对偏差小于１．７％；Ｆｅ＾３＋在５．０×１０＾３ｍｏｌ／Ｌ以上时，相对偏差小于０．１％；其浓度小于１０＾－３ｍｏｌ／Ｌ而大于５×１     

依诺沙星在混合粘合剂碳糊电极上的电化学特性

制备了混合粘合剂碳糊电极。在０．０１５ｍｏｌ／Ｌ，磷酸－０．１０ｍｏｌ／ＬＫＣｌ溶液中，依诺沙星在该电极上于－１．２６Ｖ处产生一灵敏的阴极溶出伏安峰。在－０．９０Ｖ富集９０ｓ后，依诺沙星的线性范围为３．１×１０＾－７－１．２×１０＾－５ｍｏｌ／Ｌ，检测下限为９．４２×１０＾－８ｍｏｌ／Ｌ，所提出的方法用于尿液和血清中依诺沙星测定，回收率在９６％－１０３％之间。     

苄氧基甲基12—冠—3的合成与锂离子选择性电极研究

报道了苄氧基甲基－１２－冠－３－的合成，并以此化合物作载体研制成锂离子选择电极。用苄氧基甲基－１２冠－３－为载体的电极对锂离子响应拇性范围为１．０×１０＾－１－８．３×１０＾－５ｍｏｌ／Ｌ．检测限为４．２×１０＾－５ｍｏｌ／Ｌ，斜率为５７．４ｍＶ／ｐＬｉ。电极具有好的稳定性和重现性。     

冠醚存在下稀土络合物荧光体系的荧光增强效应

本详细研究了冠醚对Ｅｕ－ＴＴＡ荧光体系的增敏作用和稀土离子Ｄｙ＾３＾＋或Ｈｏ＾３＾＋对Ｅｕ－ＴＴＡ－冠醚体系的荧光强增效应。对Ｅｕ－ＴＴＡ－冠醚和Ｅｕ－Ｄｙ（或Ｈｏ）－ＴＴＡ－冠醚体系，Ｅｕ的浓度分别在１．０×１０＾－＾８－４．０×１０＾－＾６ｍｏｌ／Ｌ，１．０×１０＾－＾９－１．０×１０＾－＾７ｍｏｌ／Ｌ和１．０×１０＾－＾８－９．０×１０＾－＾６ｍｏｌ／Ｌ范围内与体系的荧光强度呈线性关系，检     

溶出伏安法测定水中痕量钴

在０．０１ｍｏｌ／ＬＮＨ．Ｈ２Ｏ－ＮＨ４Ｃｌ和３．０×１０＾－５ｍｏｌ／Ｌ安息香缩氨基硫脲体系中，钴产生一灵敏的还原波，其峰电位是－０．９４Ｖ（ｖｓ．ＳＣＥ），峰电流与钴的浓度在２．０×１０－８－１．０×１０＾－６ｍｏｌ／Ｌ范围内成直线关系，检测限为５．０×１０＾－９ｍｏｌ／Ｌ，该法测定水中痕量钴结果令人满意。     

乳酸环丙沙星单扫描示波极谱法研究

研究了乳酸环丙沙星的极谱伏安行为，在ｐＨ＝８．３的０．０２ｍｏｌ／Ｌ，ＮＨ４Ｃｌ－ＮＨ３．Ｈ２Ｏ底液中，乳酸环丙沙星能产生１个灵敏的还原峰，峰电位为－１．６１Ｖ，其导数峰高与浓度在３．９×１０＾－８～１．８×１０＾－６ｍｏｌ／Ｌ和１．８×１０＾６～１．１×１０＾－５ｍｏｌ／Ｌ范围内呈现良好的线性关系，相关系数ｒ＝０．９９９７，检测下限为２．５×１０＾－８ｍｏｌ／Ｌ，用于乳酸环丙沙星注射液的测定，相     

锑—铜—茜素络合剂体系极谱行为的研究

在１．０ｍｏｌ／Ｌ甲酸－甲酸钠－０．０３ｍｏｌ／Ｌ邻苯二甲酸氢钾混合底液（ｐＨ３．５）中，锑－茜素络合剂（ＡＬＣ）络合物在单扫示波极谱上于一０．５３Ｖ（ｖｓ．ＳＣＥ）产生一极谱波，加入１．６×１０＾－３ｍｏｌ／ＬＣｕ（Ⅱ）后，灵敏度有较大提高，峰电流与锑浓度在２．０×１０＾－８～３．０×１０＾－６ｍｏｌ／Ｌ范围内呈线性关系，检测限达１．０×１０＾－８ｍｏｌ／Ｌ，研究了电极反应机理，方法应用于铜合金     

用氧化还原聚合物修饰多孔电极

对３种类型Ｎａｆｉｏｎ／Ｏｓ（ｂｐｙ）３Ｃｌ２修饰电极的研究结果表明，单位表观电极面积上中继体载量比为：乙炔黑粉末微电极（Ａ）：Ｔｅｆｌｏｎ粘结的乙炔黑膜电极（Ｂ）：平面玻碳电极（Ｃ）＝１０＾３：１０＾２：１．Ａ比Ｂ及Ｃ更容易在真实表面上形成花天酒地而均匀的修饰层而有利于层内的电荷传递。在Ａ类电极基础上制行的葡萄糖酶电极在１０ｍｍｏｌ／Ｌ葡萄糖溶液中的响应电流密度高达４．６×１０＾－＾４Ａ／ｃｍ＾     

Side effects in measurements of selectivity coefficients of solid state ion selective electrodes

The influence of various factors such as solubility, the oxidation of the membrane, and the contamination of the solution, on the experimental values of the selectivity coefficients of solid state sulphide ion selective electrodes is discussed. A new method for the evaluation of very small selectivity coefficients, based on the addition of reagents forming complexes or insoluble salts with the main ion, is proposed. By means of this method, selectivity coefficients for silver, copper, cadmium and lead ion selective electrodes have been determined, which are in far better agreement with thermodynamic values than those described in the literature.     

Carbon-Filled Polymer Paste Reference Electrodes

Abstract

Inexpensive, disposable, carbon-filled polymer paste reference electrodes are reported. These electrodes are designed for use in conjuction with carbon-filled polymer paste ion-selective probes reported earlier. Attachment of integrated electronics is easily achieved.     

对季鏻与季鉮离子具有电位响应的二元酸酯PVC膜电极

研究发现二元酸酯PVC膜电极对季鏻和季鉮盐均具有能斯特响应。电极的响应机理是由于季鏻、季鉮阳离子的正电中心与电子云密度较大的酯中苯环产生次级力作用所致。     

新型硫醇硫组合电极研制及性能测试

把玻璃参比电极、环状的银-硫化银指示电极、以及铂丝屏蔽电极组合形成新型硫醇硫组合电极,研究了在含有0.2 mol/L硫离子的醇-水-氨介质中,在表面活性剂存在下,以环状银电极为阳极,恒定微电流电沉积的方式制备硫化银敏感层的条件。由此法制得的新型硫醇硫组合电极在Ag 浓度为1.0×10-1~1.0×10-5mol/L范围内斜率为59.0±0.5 mV/pC,测量下限为2.2×10-6mol/L,与同类商品电极相比,响应速度快、记忆效应小、重复性好、电位稳定,易于批量生产,具有较强的适应性和应用价值。     

A surface renewable iridium oxide-glass composite hydrogen ion electrode

A robust and surface renewable iridium oxide-based pH glass composite electrode was prepared by modifying glass matrix with iridium oxide particles. Fine glass powder coated with iridium oxide was prepared by pyrolyzing ammonium hexachloroiridate-coated glass powder under oxygen atmosphere. First the glass powder was molded into a disk, by using a press, then was sintered in high temperature, and was finally fabricated. The electrode showed linear response between pH 1 and 13 with close slopes to the theoretical value, − 59.2 mV/pH. The electrode showed low hysteresis upon sudden changes of pH from 2 to 6, but in extreme conditions, from pH 13 to 1, it showed values near 16 mV. The electrode maintained the pH response for 36 days, without a significant slope drift, in various storage conditions — deionized water, a pH 7 buffer solution, 4 M KCl, and even in the air. Most of the cations and anions, except electrochemically active compounds or ions, did not interfere with the electrodes seriously. The electrode surface can be renewed reproducibly, by a simple grinding process whenever it becomes fouled or deactivated. The electrode matrix was durable and showed extended lifetime although it was ground repeatedly with 2000 grit SiC emery paper for surface renewal.     

Electroanalytical Determination of Vancomycin at a Graphene‐modified Electrode: Comparison of Electrochemical Property between Graphene,Carbon Nanotube,and Carbon Black

Carbon nanotube, graphene and carbon black, as electrode modifiers, were compared and evaluated for the electrochemical determination of vancomycin. Among them, the best results were obtained at the graphene‐modified electrode. Additions of vancomycin using square wave voltammetry at the graphene‐modified electrode showed a linear range from 0.70 μM to 50 μM and a detection limit of 0.20 μM was obtained. To control the correct dose of vancomycin and reduce its side effects, its accurate determination in blood plasma is very important. Therefore, the method was applied for the vancomycin determination in spiked human plasma samples and satisfactory recoveries were observed. The developed method exhibited fast analysis, high sensitivity, good repeatability and freedom from other interfering species.     

双层聚合膜可乐定选择性涂丝电极的研究

报告一种新型双层聚合膜可乐定涂丝电极的研制。通过电化学聚合,在铂丝表面修饰一层具有导电性能的聚苯胺薄膜,外层涂PVC膜(含四苯硼酸-可乐定活性物质)。此种电极既保持了涂丝电极的优点,又具备较好的稳定性和重现性,连续测定8h,电位值漂移0.8mV,线性范围为1×10^-1～8×10^-6mol/L,电极响应斜率56.7mV/decade;用加入稀释法测定了回收率,平均回收率为100.9%,标准偏差为1.3%。