CH2＝CHCl与O(3P)反应的理论研究

用量子化学密度泛函理论和QCISD (Quadratic configuration interaction calculation)方法, 对O(³P)与CH₂CHCl的反应进行了理论研究. 在UB3LYP/6-311＋＋G(d,p), UB3LYP/6-31＋＋G(3df, 3pd)计算水平上, 优化了反应物、产物、中间体和过渡态的几何构型, 并在UQCISD(T)/6-311＋＋G(2df,2pd)水平上计算了单点能量. 为了确证过渡态的真实性, 在UB3LYP/6-311＋＋G(3df,3pd)水平上进行了内禀坐标(IRC)计算和频率分析, 并确定了反应机理. 研究结果表明, 反应主要产物为CH₂CHO和Cl.     

HNO自由基与O2反应机理的理论研究

采用密度泛函理论（DFT）和从头算方法,在B3LYP/6-311++G（d,p）水平上对反应HNO+O₂做了理论计算研究。优化得到了反应物、中间体、过渡态和产物的几何构型以及相应的能量值、振动频率。通过分析反应路径的能量差异,以及异构化难易程度,发现HNO+O₂反应有2种产物通道：HOONO和HNO₃。其中过氧亚硝酸HOONO是主要产物,有3种稳定的构象。     

HOSO+NO反应的机理及动力学

在B3LYP/6-311++G(d,p)水平上研究了HOSO+NO的反应机理. 优化得到了反应势能面上各驻点的几何构型, 通过内禀反应坐标(IRC)确认了反应物、中间体、过渡态和产物的相关性. 在CCSD(T)/6-311++G(d,p)水平上对计算得到的构型进行了能量校正. 应用经典过渡态理论(TST)与变分过渡态理论(CVT), 并结合小曲率隧道(SCT)效应模型校正的方法计算了标题反应在200-3000 K温度范围内的速率常数k^TST、k^CVT和k^CVT/SCT. 计算结果表明: HOSO+NO反应在单重态和三重态条件下均可发生, 其中单重态反应为主反应通道, HNO+SO₂为主产物. 并利用电子密度拓扑分析方法研究主反应通道反应过程中的化学键变化.     

取代基对3(5)-(9-蒽基)吡唑光学性质的影响

使用密度泛函理论(DFT)B3LYP/6-31G(d)方法优化得到了3(5)-(9-蒽基)吡唑及其衍生物的基态(S₀)分子结构, 使用单激发组态相互作用(CIS)/6-31G(d)方法优化得到这些分子的第一单重激发态(S₁)的几何结构, 并使用含时密度泛函理论(TD-DFT)B3LYP/6-311++G(d,p)方法计算了它们的吸收和发射光谱. 计算结果表明, 与3(5)-(9-蒽基)吡唑相比, 无论取代基是吸电子基团还是供电子基团, 衍生物的吸收和发射峰均发生红移, 并且当取代基―R=―BH₂, ―CCl₃, ―CHO, ―NH₂时衍生物有较长的吸收波长和发射波长.     

D-苯丙氨酸与Cu＋(1S0, 3d10)气相反应理论研究

用量子化学密度泛函(DFT)方法研究D-苯丙氨酸与一价基态金属阳离子Cu^＋在气相中反应的机理. 在B3LYP/6-31G*水平上, 优化了反应包含的4个反应通道的反应物、中间体、过渡态和产物的几何构型, 并采用B3LYP/DZVP, B3LYP/[6-311＋G**(C,H,O)＋Lanl2dz(Cu)], B3LYP/6-311＋G**, MP2/6-311＋G** 等方法对各驻点进行了单点能计算. 通过对计算结果的分析, 获得了其单重态反应势能面的一般轮廓、各驻点几何构型优化参数, 明确了其反应机理.     

CH3与NO反应机理的理论研究

采用密度泛函B3LYP/6-311G**和高级电子相关耦合簇CCSD(T)/6-311G**方法计算研究了CH₃与NO反应机理, 全参数优化了反应势能面上各驻点的几何构型, 用内禀反应坐标(IRC)计算和频率分析方法, 对过渡态进行了验证. 研究结果表明: CH₃与NO是一多通道多步骤的复杂反应, 可以分别在单重态和三重态势能面上进行. 经过缔合, 氢转移和离解等复杂过程, 最终得到8种产物(P1～P8).     

CH3与NO反应机理的理论研究

采用密度泛函B3LYP/6-311G**和高级电子相关耦合簇CCSD(T)/6-311G**方法计算研究了CH₃与NO反应机理, 全参数优化了反应势能面上各驻点的几何构型, 用内禀反应坐标(IRC)计算和频率分析方法, 对过渡态进行了验证. 研究结果表明: CH₃与NO是一多通道多步骤的复杂反应, 可以分别在单重态和三重态势能面上进行. 经过缔合, 氢转移和离解等复杂过程, 最终得到8种产物(P1～P8).     

BrONO2光解反应的理论研究

采用密度泛函方法,研究了大气臭氧层主要破坏物BrONO2的光解反应机理,在UB3LYP/6-311++G**水平上优化了反应物、产物、中间体和过渡态的几何构型,并在UQCISD(T)/6-311++G**水平上计算了单点能量,为了确证过渡态的真实性,在UB3LYP/6-311++G**水平上进行了内禀反应坐标(IRC)计算和频率分析.研究结果表明,BrONO2的光解反应有两条反应通道,其中生成BrO+NO2的反应活化能较小(14.89 kJ·mol-1),较易发生.     

密度泛函理论研究SiN与ClO反应的产物通道

利用量子化学从头算和密度泛函理论研究了SiN和ClO的反应机理。在B3LYP/6-311++G(d,p)水平上优化得到了反应势能面上各驻点的几何构型;通过频率分析和内禀反应坐标计算对过渡态与反应物和产物的连接关系进行确认。在CCSD(T)/cc-pVTZ水平上对各物种的能量进行校正,得到了反应势能面。计算结果表明,该反应体系存在单态和三态势能面,其中单态势能面上反应通道(1)和(2)是主反应通道,1P4为主产物。     

丁烯自由基和O2反应机理的理论研究

应用量子化学密度泛函理论(DFT)对丁烯自由基C₄H₇和O₂的反应机理进行了研究. 在B3LYP/6-31G(d,p)水平上优化了反应通道上的反应物、中间体、过渡态和产物的几何构型, 并计算出它们的振动频率和零点能(ZPVE), 并对能量进行了零点能校正. 计算结果表明, C₄H₇和O₂形成三种氧环中间体, 再分别分解, 这是主要的反应形式. 生成物主要为羰基化合物, 其次还有一定比例的CO.     

Quantum study on the electrocyclic reactions of CH2CHCHCHX (XH,F, Cl)

The microscopic mechanisms of the electrocyclic reactions for cis‐1,3‐butadiene and its monofluoro‐, monochloroderivatives have been studied by density functional theory (DFT), using the B3LYP method and 6‐311++G** basis sets. We optimized the geometric configurations of reactants, transition states, and products; verified all the probable transition states through vibrational analysis; and calculated the relative single‐point energies at the QCISD(T)/6‐311++G**//B3LYP/6‐311++G**. The results show that the monofluoro‐, monochloroderivatives of cis‐1,3‐butadiene both have two conformers; the reactant favors the electrocyclic reaction when one outboard hydrogen atom of the CH₂ groups is substituted by the fluorine or chlorine atom. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Quantum Chem, 2004     

CH2F自由基与HNCO反应机理的理论研究

The reaction mechanism of CH2F radical with HNCO was investigated by density functional theory (DFT)at the B3LYP/6-311++G(d,p) level. The geometries of the reactants, the intermediates, the transition states and the products were optimized. The transition states were verified through the vibration analysis.The relative energies were calculated at the QCISD(T)/6-311++G**//B3LYP/6-311++G(d,p) level. Seven feasible reaction pathways of the reaction were studied. The results indicate that the pathway (5) is the most favorable to occur, so it is the main pathway of the reaction.     

Br＋活化甲烷C—H键反应机理的理论研究

化甲烷催化剂的可能性. 在B3LYP/6-311＋＋G(3df,3p)和MP2/6-311＋＋G(3df,3p)水平下优化了反应通道上各驻点(反应物、中间体、过渡态和产物)的几何构型. 在G2M(＋)水平下计算了各物种的能量. 研究结果表明: CH4与Br＋(3P)反应存在三条不同的吸热反应途径, 与Br＋(1D)反应存在二条不同的放热反应通道. 反应更易于通过单重态反应通道进行. 理论结果不仅较好地解释了实验事实, 还说明Br＋有可能成为一种活化甲烷的催化剂.     

HNCS二聚体解离机理的理论研究

采用量子化学密度泛函理论的B3LYP方法,在6-311 G**水平上按BERNY能量梯度解析全参数优化了异磺氰酸(HNCS)二聚体解离势能面上的各驻点的几何构型,通过振动频率分析确认了5个中间体和7个过渡态,内禀反应坐标(IRC)对反应物、中间体、过渡态和产物的相关性予以证明,确定了其解离过程的可能通道,在此基础上研究了反应机理．     

CH2=CHCl与O(3P)反应的理论研究

用量子化学密度泛函理论和QCISD(Quadratic configuration interaction calculation)方法,对0(^3P)与CH2CHCl的反应进行了理论研究．在UB3LYP／6—311 G(d,p),UB3LYP／6—31 (3df,3pd)计算水平上,优化了反应物、产物、中间体和过渡态的几何构型,并在UQCISD(T)／6—311 G(2df,2pO)水平上计算了单点能量．为了确证过渡态的真实性,在UB3LYP／6—311 G(3df,3pd)水平上进行了内禀坐标(IRC)计算和频率分析,并确定了反应机理．研究结果表明,反应主要产物为CH2CHO和Cl．     

DFT Studies on the Isomerization of Butene Double Bond Catalyzed by 1-Butyl-3-methyl-imidazolium in Ionic Liquid

1 INTRODUCTION Butene and its isomers are important petroleum raw materials. Isomerization reaction of butene plays a key role in the course of C4 alkylation and its reaction mechanism has captured the attention of chemists all along[1, 2]. As a green so…     

An electronic structure investigation of the BNO-BON-NBO system

The potential energy hypersurface of the ground triplet states of the BNO-BON-NBO system has been investigated using traditional ab initio electronic structure theory. The molecules studied have the molecular formula BON and include three linear and three angular species, and two transition states for the isomerization of an angular N-B-O to an angular B-O-N and a linear B-NO, respectively. All stationary points on the BNO-BON-NBO isomerization potential energy surface have been characterized employing UMP2, UMP4, and Gaussian-2 (G2) theory with the 6-311G(d), 6-311G(2d), and TZ2P basis sets. The isomerization for an angular N-BO to the linear B-NO has a lower energy barrier than that of the former to an angular B-ON. Energetics are presented with G2 energies. Two sets of resonance structures for both bent B-NO (boron nitrosyl) and B-ON (boron isonitrosyl) were proposed and the bonding in the two species was analyzed. For the purpose of comparison, the density functional theory based hybrid methods B3LYP/6-311G(d) and B3LYP/TZ2P have also been applied to both geometry optimization and single-point calculations. It is found that the B3LYP prediction of the nature of the linear B-O is contradictory to that made by all MPn(n = 2 and 4) calculations. The cause for this contradiction is discussed.     

Theoretical studies on the butene double bond isomerization catalyzed by 5-H of 1-ethyl-3-methyl-imidazolium fluoride

The isomerization of 1-butene to trans-2-butene catalyzed by 5-H proton of 1-ethyl-3-methyl-imidazolium fluoride (EMImF) has been studied with density functional theory of quantum chemistry. The equilibrium states geometries and transition state geometry are optimized at the levels of B3LYP/6-31G(d,p) and B3LYP/6-311++G(d,p), respectively. The apparent activation barrier of isomerization is about 208 kJ/mol theoretically. It indicates that the 5-H proton on the imidazole ring of EMImF has certain catalytic activity to the butene double bond isomerization, which is similar to that of the 4-H proton. According to the data of intrinsic coordinate path, it can be determined that the isomerization is an elementary course and the hydrogen exchange of butene with EMImF is synergetic.     

Theoretical and experimental study of the absolute configuration of helical structure of (2R,3S)-Rubiginone A2 analog

A novel analogue of (2R,3S)-Rubiginone A₂ was synthesized as a chiral helical model compound via an eight-step procedure (2.7% overall yield). Quantum methods, such as density functional theory (DFT) at different basis sets of 6-311+(d), 6-311++G(2d,p), were used to compute its optical rotation and electronic circular dichroism at the B3LYP/6-311++G(2d,p) level in the gas phase and in solution using PCM model, respectively. UV corrections were performed in electronic circular dichroism (ECD) simulations to match the experimental ECD well. The suitable computational methods, e.g., B3LYP/6-311++G(2d,p)//B3LYP/6-311++G(2d,p) in the gas phase using zero-point energy in Boltzmann statistics, were found and suggested for optical rotation and circular dichroism computations that can be used for absolute configuration determination of chiral helical compounds.     

Hydride abstraction of methylamine with Cu(S) in the gas phase: A density functional theory study

The gas-phase hydride abstraction of methylamine with Cu⁺(¹S) is theoretically investigated by using density functional theory. Geometries for all the stationary points involved are fully optimized at both the B3LYP/6-311++G(d,p) and B3LYP/6-311++G(3df,2p) levels and the reaction is analyzed in terms of the topology of potential energy surface. Approach of Cu⁺ towards methylamine could form either “classical” N or “nonclassical” η¹-methyl-H attached complex with the former being the global minimum. Both complexes are found to be key intermediates for the hydride abstraction, which could transfer into each other via two parallel routes, i.e., concerted metal movement and stepwise C-H activation-rearrangement. A charge-transfer process is detected for the “nonclassical” complex converting to a precursor species (CuH-NH₂CH₂⁺), which accounts for the final products by a nonreactive dissociation.