含多个氧化还原中心的卟啉化合物的电化学及光谱电化学行为(Ⅰ)

在DMF及DMSO中用循环伏安法、现场紫外可见光谱电化学方法及现场FT-IR光谱电化学方法研究了含多个氧化还原中心的卟啉化合物[四(对-硝基苯基)卟啉合钴(Ⅱ)]的氧化还原性质。指出该化合物的第一步氧化或第一步还原为中心金属钴失去或得到1个电子;第二步还原为卟啉环meso位的4个对硝基苯基上的硝基在同一电位下各得1个电子,形成相应的阴离子自由基;第三步还原为卟啉环得到1个电子,但该步反应不可逆。同时发现硝基与卟啉环及中心金属钴之间存在分子内电子相互作用,而4个硝基取代基之间未发现分子内电子相互作用。     

含多个氧化还原中心的卟啉化合物的电化学及光谱电化学行为(Ⅰ)

在DMF及DMSO中用循环伏安法、现场紫外可见光谱电化学方法及现场FT-IR光谱电化学方法研究了含多个氧化还原中心的卟啉化合物[四(对-硝基苯基)卟啉合钴(Ⅱ)]的氧化还原性质。指出该化合物的第一步氧化或第一步还原为中心金属钴失去或得到1个电子；第二步还原为卟啉环meso位的4个对硝基苯基上的硝基在同一电位下各得1个电子,形成相应的阴离子自由基；第三步还原为卟啉环得到1个电子,但该步反应不可逆。同时发现硝基与卟啉环及中心金属钴之间存在分子内电子相互作用,而4个硝基取代基之间未发现分子内电子相互作用。     

meso-四[(4-苯乙烯氨基)苯基]卟啉合成及其波谱特点

以吡咯和对硝基苯甲醛为原料,经过环化、还原和缩合,合成了meso-四[(4-苯乙烯氨基)苯基]卟啉(TBAPP),通过UV-Vis、FT-IR、1H NMR及元素分析等对产物进行了表征,并对其荧光和电子顺磁共振特性进行了研究。 卟啉产物的EPR测定显示出游离基特征,表明卟啉分子的大π共轭结构对周边基团产生的自由基有稳定作用。 取代基对卟啉的紫外 可见吸收、光致发光及电子顺磁共振特性均有影响。 四席夫碱苯基卟啉TBAPP的Q带比前体四氨基卟啉（TAPP）和母体四硝苯基卟啉（TNPP）红移,而Soret谱带变化较小;TBAPP的440 nm光激发的最大荧光峰658 nm分别比TAPP蓝移5 nm和比TNPP红移9 nm;TBAPP的EPR精细结构比TAPP弱,而比TNPP强。     

苯环上氯原子的不同取代位置对四苯基锌卟啉-酪氨酸光物理性质的影响

稳态紫外光谱、荧光光谱和时间分辨荧光光谱显示,苯环上氯原子的不同位置对氯苯基锌卟啉-酪氨酸的光物理性质有很大影响.紫外吸收光谱中,邻、间和对氯取代的3个化合物都具有典型的Soret带和Q带.其中Soret带位于423nm处,Q(0,0)和Q(0,1)带分别位于549和590nm处.邻位取代化合物的荧光量子产率为0.058,比间位(0.0241)、对位(0.0235)取代化合物的要高得多.邻位取代化合物的荧光寿命(3.11ns)比间位(1.12ns)和对位(1.11ns)取代化合物的长.邻位化合物的这些特性可能归因于取代基之间的空间效应;而在间位和对位化合物中,重原子效应和吸电子的诱导效应可能起主导作用.     

二茂铁修饰卟啉及含氟卟啉的光物理与电化学性质

合成了二茂铁修饰的卟啉与含有三氟甲基的卟啉.拉电子的三氟甲基使卟啉的紫外吸收发生蓝移,而给电子的二茂铁基则使卟啉的紫外吸收发生红移.在稳态荧光光谱中,二茂铁对卟啉荧光的猝灭程度大于三氟甲基,其中含有双二茂铁基的卟啉发生了66%的荧光猝灭,量子产率Φf仅为0.08,说明在激发态卟啉和二茂铁之间发生了较强的电子和能量的传递,这些结果在时间分辨荧光光谱研究中进一步被证实.电化学性质研究表明三氟甲基的引入使卟啉难失去电子,增加了卟啉的稳定性;二茂铁的给电子作用使卟啉更容易被氧化,是很好的电子给体.这些性质为此类化合物进一步应用于给受体体系的构筑提供了一定的理论依据.     

取代基结构-活性关系对电化学降解取代苯胺的影响

以Na2SO4为支持电解质, 使用Ti/PbO2电极, 研究了带有推电子基(—CH3)和吸电子基(—NO2, —Cl)的邻或对位取代基苯胺类化合物的电催化氧化降解过程. 研究结果表明, 带有取代基苯胺类化合物的氧化降解是在羟基自由基进攻下生成氨基酚类化合物, 然后在电极表面失去电子生成苯醌继续氧化的过程. 带有推电子基团苯胺的电催化降解速度比带有吸电子基团的苯胺降解速度快, 这是因为推电子基团使苯环电子云密度提高, 有利于羟基自由基的进攻; 吸电子基团使苯环电子云密度降低, 不利于羟基自由基的进攻. 由于阴极还原反应的作用, 化学反应活性和电化学反应活性并不完全一致. 氯代苯胺在羟基自由基进攻下—Cl离去, 以Cl-离子形式进入溶液中, 被氧化生成有效氯, 加快降解反应速度. 硝基虽然是强吸电子基, 但是可以转化为对苯二胺, 进一步活化苯环, 其降解速度较快.     

金属酞菁敏化光还原硝基化合物的反应

本文研究了各种金属酞菁以及带有不同取代基的锌酞菁敏化光还原硝基化合物的反应。确定了光敏还原反应的主要产物是氨基和羟氨基化合物;羟氨基化合物与亚硝基化合物通过暗反应缩合生成偶氮N-氧化物。测定了它们的氧化还原电位和荧光量子产率。从敏化光还原反应的量子产率及荧光猝灭与硝基化合物浓度的依赖关系,计算出各种金属酞菁激发单重态与三重态的敏化效率。受激发金属酞菁将电子转移至硝基化合物是敏化光还原反应的起始过程。电子转移生成离子自由基对后,电荷分离与逆电子转移过程相互竞争。由于自旋选择规则的限制,激发三重态的敏化效率一般比激发单重态的敏化效率高。为了提高敏化光还原反应的效率,除选择三重态产率较高的敏化剂外,改变敏化剂的结构可提高敏化剂激发单重态的敏化效率,从而提高敏化光还原反应的量子产率.     

反丁烯二酰基桥连的带不同取代基的卟啉二联体的合成与性质

合成了反丁烯二酰基桥连的3种带不同取代基的卟啉二联体, 通过红外光谱, 紫外-可见光谱, 核磁共振波谱和质谱对化合物的结构进行了确认, 并研究了二联体的表面光电压谱, 荧光光谱和激光拉曼光谱的变化. 结果表明, 取代基的类型对卟啉二联体分子的荧光量子产率有显著影响, 带供电子基团的甲氧基增强了荧光量子产率, 而带吸电子基团的氯则降低了荧光量子产率, 并且吸电子基团的氯比供电子基团的甲氧基对荧光的影响更大. 取代基的电子效应对卟啉二联体的荧光性和激光拉曼光谱有较大影响.     

系列羟基苯基卟啉化合物荧光性质的研究

对照紫外光谱的变化分析了5种卟啉周边羟基的数目、位置及其在不同溶剂条件下的荧光光谱的变化情况.研究表明,利用控制卟啉周边取代基的数目、对称性及选择溶剂可获得不同强度的荧光物质.     

金属卟啉的电化学性质与其催化氧化α-蒎烯性能的关系

 采用循环伏安法对一系列四苯基金属卟啉的电化学氧化还原性质进行了研究,考察了四苯基金属卟啉的第一还原电位与其催化氧化α-蒎烯性能的关系. 结果表明,各四苯基金属卟啉催化空气氧化α-蒎烯转化率的大小顺序为 TPPMnⅢCl＞TPPCoⅢCl＞TPPFeⅢCl＞TPPCuⅡ≈TPPNiⅡ≈TPPZnⅡ,除TPPCoⅢCl外,基本与其第一还原电位的大小顺序一致. 随着卟啉环上取代基供电子能力的减弱,各取代基铁卟啉和锰卟啉的第一还原电位E1值均逐渐减小,表现在催化体系中是它们越容易被还原而引发反应,催化氧化α-蒎烯的转化率逐渐升高. 四苯基铁卟啉和锰卟啉的第一还原电位E1与其卟啉环上对位取代基常数σ*之间均有良好的线性关系.     

Photochemical and electrochemical properties of porphyrin dimers containing an anhydride spacer

A study on thermogravimetric analyses, surface photovoltage (SPV), electron paramagnetic resonance and electrochemical properties comparing a porphyrin dimer with that of corresponding monomer was presented. The SPV intensity is weaker than that corresponding monomer, and with field-induced surface photovoltage spectroscopy (FISPS) reveal that all the compounds are p-type semiconductors. The spectral bands of all the porphyrins corresponded to π → π* transitions. Electrons (or holes) can be trapped on the porphyrins by applying both light and negative (or positive) electric field. The electrochemistry and EPR of the porphyrins show clearly that a π–π interaction existed between the two macrocycles of the dimer.     

PHOTOVOLTAGE AND PHOTOCURRENT AT TETRAPHENYLPORPHYRIN AND ZINC TETRAPHENYLPORPHYRIN ELECTRODES IN ACIDIC SOLUTIONS

Abstract— Photoelectrochemical properties of tetraphenylporphyrin and zinc tetraphenylporphyrin spread on a platinum plate were investigated in acidic solutions containing a variety of electroactive species. It was found that the photovoltage measured in 0.5 M sulfuric acid solutions depended strongly on the redox potential of the electroactive species; species having a redox potential of around 1.0 V vs NHE (such as oxygen and dichromate ions) generated the largest photovoltage. A similar dependency was also observed in the photocurrent, although a little ambiguous. These phenomena are discussed from a point of semiconductor electrochemistry. The magnitude of the photocurrent was found to be influenced by solution pH, suggesting that protonation of the porphyrin film surface plays an important role in the charge transfer process.     

卟啉纳米材料的新法合成

采用液体分子嵌入法将卟啉分子引入到孔径为几十纳米的硅藻土孔内,制得了粒径在10～20nm左右的卟啉微晶.通过紫外、红外、X射线衍射、透射电镜和表面光电压谱等手段证实卟啉微晶被固载在硅藻土孔径内.     

Effect of terminal substituents on self‐assembly behavior of porphyrin molecules on Ag(110)

Effect of terminal substituents on self‐assembly behavior of porphyrin molecules has been studied with three derivatives modified with distinctly different substituents, 5,15‐(di‐3,5‐di‐tert‐butylphenyl) porphyrin, 5,15‐(dimesityl) porphyrin, and 5,15‐(di‐4‐ethynylphenyl) porphyrin. Scanning tunneling microscopy and density functional calculations reveal that 5,15‐(di‐3,5‐di‐tert‐butylphenyl) porphyrin, 5,15‐(dimesityl) porphyrin, and 5,15‐(di‐4‐ethynylphenyl) porphyrin spontaneously give different ordered structures on Ag(110) surface both at room temperature and after annealing. It is clear that the tert‐butylphenyl substituent could increase the intermolecular van der Waals interactions to form stable network structure under condition of thermal activation, whereas the mesityl substituent plays an essential role in the formation of rigid chain structure as a result of the CH–π interactions between the mesityl groups of molecule enantiomers. Moreover, the ethynylphenyl substituent could induce metal atoms to coordinate with ethynyl to form organometallic chains. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Optical and Electronic Properties of Different Kinds of Water‐Soluble Porphyrin Films

Water‐soluble porphyrin‐porphyrin and porphyrin‐CdSe nanoparticle monolayer films were self‐assembled on different substrates. The influence of substrates, types of films, and heat treatment temperature on fluorescence of different kinds of porphyrin films was investigated. The SEM images showed the formation of monolayer films on porous alumina foil. The films assembled on porous alumina foil possessed higher fluorescence intensity and thermal stability. The result of conductance measurement indicated that the interaction of trimethylamidophenylporphyrin iodide (TAPPI) molecules with hydroxyl groups on porous alumina foil was weakened after CdSe nanoparticles assembled with TAPPI.     

Dipolar Nanocars Based on a Porphyrin Backbone

The design and synthesis of a new family of nanocars is reported. To control their motion, we integrated a dipole which can be tuned thanks to strategic donor and acceptor substituents at the 5- and 15-positions of the porphyrin backbone. The two other meso positions are substituted with ethynyltriptycene moieties which are known to act as wheels. Full characterization of nine nanocars is presented as well as the electrochemistry of these push-pull molecules. DFT calculations allowed us to evaluate the magnitude of the dipoles and to understand the electrochemical behavior and how it is affected by the electron donating and accepting groups present. An X-ray crystal structure of one nanocar has also been obtained.     

Porphyrin protonation studied by magnetic circular dichroism

Magnetic circular dichroism (MCD) spectroscopy provides valuable information about electronic excited states in molecules. The interpretation of spectra is however difficult, often requiring additional theoretical calculations to rationalize the observed signal. Recent developments in time-dependent density functional theory (TDDFT) bring hope that the applicability of MCD spectroscopy for chemical problems may be significantly extended. In this study, two modern analytical TDDFT implementations are compared and used to understand experimental MCD spectra of a model porphyrin system upon protonation. Changes in porphyrin geometry and electronic structure are related to MCD intensities by comparing the spectra of 5,10,15,20-tetraphenyl-21H,23H-porphyrintetrasulfonic acid (TPPS) measured at different pH values with the TDDFT calculations. Although the theoretical results slightly depended on the chosen exchange-correlation functional, the computations provided MCD curves that could well rationalize the experimental data. The protonation of the porphyrin core causes marked changes in the MCD spectrum, whereas the role of the substituents is limited. Also, different conformations of the porphyrin substituents cause relatively minor changes of the MCD pattern, mostly in the Soret region, where the porphine and phenyl electronic transitions start to mix. The solvent environment simulated by the dielectric model caused a shift (~20 nm) of the absorption bands but only minor variations in the absorption and MCD spectral shapes. The study thus demonstrates that the recently available first-principles interpretations of MCD spectra significantly enhance the applicability of the technique for molecular structural studies.     

羟基卟啉衍生物的电喷雾多级串联质谱研究

研究了3种单羟基卟啉的电喷雾多级串联质谱，对其可能的裂解途径进行了归纳；结果表明，仅仅在苯环上无取代基的卟啉HPTPP中才能观察到失去活性的羟基或羟苯基的裂解碎片，苯环具有拉电子取代基的卟啉比具有推电子取代基的卟啉更容易裂解；由此可见，苯环上取代基性质对羟基卟啉的裂解方式有一定的影响。     

Models of the cytochromes: crystal structures and EPR spectral characterization of low-spin bis-imidazole complexes of (OETPP)Fe(III) having intermediate ligand plane dihedral angles

The preparation, EPR spectra, and crystal structures of octaethyltetraphenylporphyrinatoiron(III) having two imidazole, N-benzylimidazole, and N-methylimidazole axial ligands are reported, [(OETPP)Fe(HIm)2]Cl, [(OETPP)Fe(N-BzIm)2]Cl, and [(OETPP)Fe(N-MeIm)2]Cl. Despite large variation in axial ligand size, the unit cell parameters for all complexes are very similar; each structure has the same basic motif, with large voids formed by the extended porphyrin framework (filled by ordered or disordered axial ligands and disordered solvent), which allows differently sized ligands to fit within the same cell dimensions. Each porphyrin core adopts a saddled conformation with absolute value(deltaC(beta)) = 1.13-1.15 A. The dihedral angles between axial ligand planes, delta phi, are far from being either ideal parallel or perpendicular: 30.1 degrees, 57.2 degrees for [(OETPP)Fe(HIm)2]Cl (molecules 1 and 2), 56.8 degrees for [(OETPP)Fe(N-BzIm)(2)]Cl, and 16.0 degrees, 44.6 degrees, 59.6 degrees, and 88.1 degrees for [(OETPP)Fe(N-MeIm)2]Cl, which has disordered axial ligands. Among the complexes of this study, an axial ligand delta phi of 56.8 degrees is found to be the largest "parallel" angle (as defined by the observation of a normal rhombic or Type II EPR signal (N-BzIm, g = 3.08, 2.19, 1.31)), while 57.2 degrees is found to be the smallest "perpendicular" delta phi (as defined by the observation of a "large gmax" or Type I EPR signal (HIm, gmax = 3.24)). From the results of this study, it is clear that the size of the largest g for Types I and II complexes varies continuously, with no break between the two. While the switch in EPR signal type, from Type II to Type I, appears to be very sharp in this study, this may be somewhat artificial based upon limited numbers of examples and the required saddle distortion of the (OETPP)Fe(III) complexes. However, in comparison to several proteins with dihedral angles near 60 degrees and Type II EPR spectra, we may conclude that the switch in EPR signal type occurs near 57 degrees +/- 3-5 degrees.