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《化学研究》2016,(6)
通过掺杂不同质量分数的八缩水甘油醚基笼形低聚倍半硅氧烷(G-POSS),以溶胶凝胶法制备得到一种新型聚酰亚胺(PI)杂化薄膜.通过红外反射光谱(DRIFT-IR)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)表征了其结构与薄膜断面形貌,以热重(TG)和机械性能分析研究了薄膜的耐热性与常温和低温(77K)下的力学性能.结果表明,在掺杂量低于5%时,该杂化薄膜耐热性保持稳定,同时在常温和低温下都表现出优于纯PI膜的拉伸强度,其中在G-POSS掺杂量为3%时,杂化薄膜的拉伸强度为239.38MPa(77K),比纯PI膜提升了17%.这是由于在低温条件下,聚合物分子链被冻结,G-POSS粒子与PI基底间的排列更加紧密,同时界面作用力更大. 相似文献
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纳米二氧化硅(SiO2)颗粒以其高硬度、高比表面积、高稳定、价格合理等优势被广泛应用于复合材料的制备中,获得的SiO2/聚合物复合材料通常具有优良的机械性能、很好的热稳定性以及增强的光学和电性能。近年来,随着聚合诱导自组装(PISA)的提出与发展,研究者们基于PISA发展了多种制备不同形貌聚合物纳米粒子的简便方法,为制备SiO2/聚合物复合材料提供了新的思路。作者调研了近十年来基于PISA制备SiO2/聚合物复合材料的相关研究,按照SiO2与聚合物的结合作用和复合机理的不同,创新性地将SiO2/聚合物复合材料的制备分为物理包封法、化学接枝法、超分子作用法和原位生长法。本综述重点论述复合材料的合成方法、主要性能及用途,同时分析各种复合方法的优缺点并对制备方法的未来发展做出展望,以期为相关领域科研工作者提供更清晰的脉络和更丰富的启示。 相似文献
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以萘甲醛和2,6-二甲基苯胺或苯胺为原料合成了2种含萘的二胺单体, 进一步与二苯醚四酸二酐(ODPA)经高温溶液缩聚, 得到2种侧链含萘的聚酰亚胺, 对聚合物进行了核磁共振谱、 傅里叶变换红外光谱及溶解性、 耐热性、 憎水性、 机械性能等结构与性能的测试. 结果表明, 含醚侧链含萘的聚酰亚胺具有优异的溶解性, 良好的耐热性, 较好的憎水性与机械性能. 另外, 通过静电纺丝的方法制备了侧链含萘的聚酰亚胺纤维, 研究了纤维的形貌与憎水性. 相似文献
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《高分子学报》2021,52(9):1184-1191
合成4,4'-二苯基-7,7'-双(2,2',3,3')二氮杂萘(1,1')酮(7,7-DBD)与4,4'-二苯基-6,7'-双(2,2',3,3')二氮杂萘(1,1')酮(6,7-DBD)2种杂环单体,探究2种单体和4-(4-羟基苯基)-2,3-二氮杂萘酮与1,4-二(4-氟苯甲酰基)苯的共聚行为,得到2种侧苯基位置不同的氮杂环聚芳醚酮酮P-CDs与P-TDs.两者的特性黏度介于0.5~1.1 dL/g,P-CDs的特性黏度更高,制备更容易.P-CDs的玻璃化转变温度介于254~296℃,250℃的储能模量保持率高达67%,均高于相同共聚组成的P-TDs.2种聚合物可溶于N-甲基吡咯烷酮与1,1,2,2-四氯乙烷等有机溶剂中;拉伸模量介于1.56~1.78 GPa,拉伸强度介于50.1~102.9 MPa,断裂伸长率介于11.0%~18.1%,绝缘性基本一致.P-CDs的耐热性、溶解性、机械性能均优于P-TDs.故调整主链上侧基分布方式可以明显改变聚合物的耐热性、机械性能、溶解性和可制备性,为制备耐热等级更高且可溶解的高性能聚合物提供参考. 相似文献
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两组份互穿网络聚合物的合成研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
以蓖麻油聚氨酯和聚醚聚氨酯的不同重量比与光敏剂、催化剂、稀释剂、促进剂所组成的多相体系为反应物,分别在紫外光照射和加热的条件下合成网络Ⅰ和网络Ⅱ的互穿网络聚合物(IPN)。改变网络Ⅱ聚醚聚氨酯中各组份的摩尔比制得系列样品。红外光谱,应力-应变曲线和动态力学性能测定发现,样品的力学性能与两组份重量比和网络Ⅱ中不同组成都存在着一定关系。这些结果,为该体系IPN的合成和应用提供了一定依据。 相似文献
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采用非共价复合方法,设计并合成了具有星形结构的聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯/星形聚乙二醇半互穿聚合物网络(PMMA/SPEG)和聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯/线性聚乙二醇半互穿聚合物网络(PMMA/LPEG).研究了PEG分子量对PMMA/SPEG和PMMA/LPEG的热性能、机械性能、动态机械性能和形状记忆性能的影响.结果表明,与PMMA/LPEG相比,星形结构的嵌入显著提高了PMMA/SPEG复合物的机械性能、形状回复率和回复速度.采用Edwards管道模型理论对其形状记忆效应的分子机理进行了阐释,利用材料的应力松弛特性对机理分析进行了验证. 相似文献
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T Jeevananda 《European Polymer Journal》2003,39(3):569-578
A series of conducting interpenetrating polymer networks (IPNs), are prepared by sequential polymerization of castor oil based polyurethane (PU) with poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) and polyaniline doped with camphor sulphonic acid (PAni)CSA. The effect of different amount of PAni (varies from 2.5-12.5%) on the properties of PU/PMMA (50/50) IPNs such as electrical properties like conductivity, dielectric constant and dissipation factor; mechanical properties like tensile strength and percentage elongation at break have been reported. (PAni)CSA filled IPNs shows improved tensile strength than the unfilled IPN system. The thermal stability and surface morphology of unfilled and (PAni)CSA filled PU/PMMA (50/50) IPN sheets were investigated using a thermogravimetric analyzer (TGA) and a scanning electron microscope (SEM). TGA thermograms of (PAni)CSA filled PU/PMMA (50/50) IPNs show a three-step thermal degradation process. SEM micrograms of filled PU/PMMA IPN system shows spherulitic structure at higher concentration of (PAni)CSA. 相似文献
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蓖麻油聚氨酯/聚取代乙烯互穿网络聚合物作为带锈涂料及粘合剂的可能性 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
在室温用氧化还原引发剂将蓖麻油、甲苯二异氰酸酯及取代乙烯合成了蓖麻油聚氨酯/聚取代乙烯互穿网络聚合物(IPN),研究了不同组成对带锈铁板搭接剪切强度的影响。指出搭接剪切强度随取代乙烯均聚物的玻璃化温度增加而增。NCO/OH之比愈大,搭接剪切强度也愈大。以蓖麻油聚氨酯/(丙烯腈-苯乙烯)共聚物的反应液作为带锈铁板的涂料,其涂膜性能良好。用扫描电镜观察了此种涂料与带锈铁板的结合状态,并讨论其成因。 相似文献
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Two kinds of interpenetrating polymer networks (IPNs) composed of two-component polyurethane (PU) and vinyl or methacrylic polymer (PV), namely, (polyether-castor oil)PU/PV IPN(I) and (polybutadiene-castor oil)PU/PV IPN(II), were synthesized at room temperature using benzoyl peroxide and N,N-dimethylaniline as redox initiator and dibutyltin dilaurate as catalyst. The former IPN was prepared by polymerization of castor oil, NCO-terminated polyether and vinyl or methacrylic monomer together and the latter IPN was obtained by polymerization of castor oil, NCO-terminated polybutadiene, NCO-terminated castor oil and vinyl or methacrylic monomer together. Various synthesis conditions affecting mechanical properties of the two kinds of IPNs were studied. Acrylonitrile (AN) is a good monomer for synthesizing IPN(I), but is a poor monomer for preparing IPN(II). At optimum conditions for the synthesis, both the (polyether-castor oil)PU/PAN IPNs and the (polybutadiene-castor oil)PU/polystyrene (PSt) IPNs possess permanent set about 10%, tensile strength over 13 and 11 MPa and ultimate elongation over 240% and 270%, respectively, thus behaving as elastomers. TEM micrograph of a (polybutadiene-castor oil)PU/PSt IPN showed a microphase separation in the IPN. 相似文献
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Nian Liu Huan Shao Cai-Feng Wang Qiao-Ling Chen Su Chen 《Colloid and polymer science》2013,291(8):1871-1879
We report the rapid synthesis of hydrogels with interpenetrating polymer networks (IPNs) by frontal polymerization (FP). Appropriate amounts of diacetone acrylamide (DAAM), N-methylolacrylamide (NMA), thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU), N,N′-methylenebisacrylamide (MBAA), and ammonium persulfate (APS)/N,N,N′,N′-tetramethylethylenediamine (TMEDA) were mixed together at ambient temperature. FP was initiated by transitorily heating the upper side of the reactants, and poly(DAAM-co-NMA)/TPU IPN hydrogels were obtained within minutes. The preparation parameters were thoroughly investigated. Moreover, we investigated the morphology, swelling capacity, chemical structure and the mechanical properties of poly(DAAM-co-NMA)/TPU IPN hydrogels, along with those of poly(DAAM-co-NMA) hydrogels without IPN structure for comparison. Interestingly, the mechanical strength of poly(DAAM-co-NMA)/TPU IPN hydrogels is notably improved in comparison with that of poly(DAAM-co-NMA) hydrogels. The results indicate that the IPN structure endows hydrogels with high mechanical strength, and FP can be applied as an alternative means for synthesis of IPN hydrogels with additional advantages of speed and efficiency. 相似文献
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Hui Jin Yuge Zhang Chengshuang Wang Yifan Sun Zuanru Yuan Youqiang Pan Hongfeng Xie Rongshi Cheng 《Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry》2014,117(2):773-781
A series of interpenetrating polymer networks (IPNs) based on epoxy (EP) resin and polyurethane (PU) prepolymer derived from soybean oil-based polyols with different mass ratios were synthesized. The structure, thermal properties, damping properties, tensile properties, and morphology of soybean oil-based PU/EP IPNs were characterized by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA), universal test machine, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). DSC and DMA results show that the glass transition temperature of the soybean oil-based PU/EP IPN decreases with the increase of PU prepolymer contents. Soybean oil-based PU/EP IPNs have better damping properties than that of the pure epoxy resin. The tensile strength and modulus of PU/EP IPNs decrease, while elongation at break increases with the increase of PU prepolymer contents. SEM observations reveal that phase separation appears in PU/EP IPNs with higher PU prepolymer contents. 相似文献
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J. James G.V. Thomas D. Rouxel M. Strankowski N. Kalarikkal S. Thomas 《Materials Today Chemistry》2021
A standard set of interpenetrating polymeric networks (IPNs) has been contrived using an elastomer-styrene butadiene rubber and a thermoplastic poly (methyl methacrylate) through sequential polymerization protocol. This low-cost material can be hopefully engaged as a toughened plastic with co-continuous morphology. Different morphological protocols including Raman imaging are effectively utilized to envisage the effect of blend ratio in IPN fabrication. The different mechanical properties of IPNs revealed that the cross-linking in phases have their own impact. Thermogravimetric analysis is used as an efficient tool to prove the extra thermal stability of IPNs. Of seven different composites theoretical models, the Davies model showed better fit to the experimental data. The etiquette of characterization adopted in this work including mechanical, morphological, and thermal protocols and their correlation with theoretical predictions can definitely be act as a platform for the synthesis of low-cost toughened plastic. 相似文献
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不饱和聚酯/聚氨酯互穿网络聚合物的合成 总被引:8,自引:1,他引:8
以醋酸酐封端的不饱和聚酯(FUPR)与交联聚氨酯预聚物制备了具有互穿聚合物网络(IPN)的不饱和聚酯/聚氨酯,通过红外,DSC和扫描电镜等分析了FUPR/PUIPN网络形成的动力学,微相分离行为及力学性能,结果表明,当FUPR/PU达到某一比值时,产生网络互穿效应,可改善聚氨酯的刚性,提高不饱和聚酯的抗冲性。 相似文献
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Edward F. Cassidy Han X. Xiao Kurt C. Frisch Harry L. Frisch 《Journal of polymer science. Part A, Polymer chemistry》1984,22(8):1839-1850
In this article we review the synthesis and morphology and the physical and mechanical properties of two-component interpenetrating polymer networks (IPNs) from polyurethane and epoxy polymers; the corresponding pseudo-IPNs and grafted IPNs are also discussed. A comparison was made of full IPNs, pseudo-IPNs, grafted IPNs, and related homopolymers by examining their mechanical properties, mechanical spectra, and electron microscopy on an investigation of the effects of interpenetration or permanent entanglement in the IPN and related systems. This interpenetration has resulted in improved compatibility between the two polymer systems and has caused a decrease in the degree of phase separation. An observed shift in the dynamic glass transition temperatures (Tgs) of the two components which yielded a single IPN Tg further substantiates our results. 相似文献
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Polyether-based polyurethane/poly (methyl methacrylate-co-ethyleneglycol dimethacrylate) interpenetrating polymer networks [PU/P (MMA–co–EGDMA)-IPNs] were synthesized and used as adhesives to adhere vulcanized natural rubber (NR) and soft polyvinyl chloride (PVC). The structure and morphology of the IPN adhesives in bulk and near the adhesive/substrate interfaces were investigated. A new mechanism of adhesion called conjugate interpenetration of networks across interfaces, which is suitable for IPN adhesives and polymer substrates, was put forward. According to this mechanism, while forming simultaneous interpenetrating networks in the adhesive, the monomers in the IPN adhesive can permeate polymer substrates and polymerize in situ to form gradient IPNs, thereby producing conjugate three-component IPNs near the adhesive/substrate interfaces. It is the conjugate interpenetration of the networks across the interfaces that strengthens interfacial combination remarkably and results in high bond strength of IPN adhesives. © 1994 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 相似文献