含硫柔性二苯甲酸及氮杂环配体的Zn(Ⅱ)和Mn(Ⅱ)配合物的合成及晶体结构

以2,2'-二硫代二苯甲酸、2,2'-联吡啶、咪唑、硝酸锌和硝酸锰为原料,使用水热方法合成了配合物[Zn(EBLA)(2,2'-bipy)(H₂O)](EBLA=2,2'-二苯甲酸硫醚)(2,2'-bipy=2,2'-联吡啶)(1),自然挥发法制备了配合物[Mn(EBSA)(im)₂(H₂O)]_n(EBSA=2,2'-二硫代二苯甲酸)(im=咪唑)(2).利用元素分析、红外和热重分析对其进行了表征.利用X-射线单晶衍射对结构进行了测定,并研究了配合物1的荧光性质.配合物1中,2,2'-二苯甲酸硫醚是通过水热方法由2,2'-二硫代二苯甲酸发生原位反应制备,Zn²⁺离子是五配位的四角锥双核结构;配合物2中,Mn²⁺离子是六配位的变形八面体一维链状结构.配合物中存在氢键和π-π堆积等弱的分子间作用力.     

微量热法研究丹皮酚及其两种同分异构体与γ-环糊精在水溶液中的相互作用

在298.15 K下利用纳瓦级等温滴定微量热法研究了γ-环糊精与丹皮酚(Pae)及其两种同分异构体(2'-羟基-5'-甲氧基苯乙酮, Hma; 4'-羟基-3'-甲氧基苯乙酮, Ace)在水溶液中的相互作用, 并结合核磁共振对其相互作用的微观结构进行了表征. 试验表明, γ-环糊精与三种药物分子都是1∶1结合, 其中 Pae, Hma与γ-环糊精相互作用过程是焓驱动, 而Ace与γ-环糊精相互作用却是焓-熵共驱动; ¹H NMR 谱表明 Pae, Ace 与γ-环糊精形成典型的包结物, 其中 Pae 分子从 g-环糊精空穴的小口端进入, Ace分子从 g-环糊精空穴的大口端进入, 而 Hma 与γ-环糊精之间只是以弱相互作用结合而非包结作用. 结果显示γ-环糊精对三种同分异构体具有明显的分子识别功能.     

二氟亚甲基取代的Goniodiol类似物的合成

合成了具有潜在生物活性的二氟亚甲基取代的Goniodiol类似物. 该合成路线的关键步骤为: 铟粉引发对醛的二氟炔丙基化反应引入二氟亚甲基; 在2,2,6,6-四甲基-1-氧基哌啶(TEMPO)催化下, 三氯异氰尿酸(TCCA)氧化1,5-二醇高效率地关环生成α,β-不饱和-δ-内脂环.     

穿心莲中两个黄酮苷的波谱学研究

研究了穿心莲中抗血栓的活性成分. 应用AB-8大孔吸附树脂、聚酰胺柱色谱及薄层色谱进行分离, 应用波谱学(¹H NMR, ¹³C NMR, DQFCOSY, TOCSY, HMQC, HMBC, NOESY等)方法进行结构鉴定. 分离得到两个黄酮苷类化合物, 确定了¹H NMR, ¹³C NMR信号的全归属. 化合物1鉴定为5,4'-二羟基-7-甲氧基黄酮-6-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷, 化合物2鉴定为5,4'-二羟基-7-甲氧基黄酮-8-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷, 化合物1为首次从该植物中分得, 首次对两个化合物的碳谱和氢谱进行了全归属.     

基于5-(3'',4''-二(四唑-5''-基)苯氧基)间苯二甲酸构筑的镧系金属配合物的合成、晶体结构及性质

在水热条件下利用H₂btpa配体合成了2个镧系金属配合物{[Ln(btpa)(H₂O)(OH)]·bpy}_n(Ln=Tb(1),Pr(2),H₂btpa=5-(3',4'-二(四唑-5'-基)苯氧基)间苯二甲酸,bpy=4,4'-联吡啶),并用元素分析、红外光谱、X射线粉末衍射、X射线单晶衍射对其进行了表征。配合物1和2中,双核镧系金属单元通过btpa2-配体以μ₄:η¹,η²,η¹,η²的配位模式连接,形成二维网状结构,客体分子4,4'-联吡啶通过分子间的氢键作用存在于结构中。相邻的二维网通过氢键的识别作用以锁链形式拓展为三维超分子结构。室温下配合物1呈现出Tb^Ⅲ的特征荧光发射峰。     

辅助配体导向合成两个锌金属配位聚合物: 结构,稳定性和荧光性质

以二苯-4,4'-二羧酸和六水硝酸锌为原料,在相同反应条件下,通过改变不同的辅助配体(2,2'-二甲基-4,4'-联吡啶和三乙烯二胺),合成出2个金属有机配位聚合物:{[Zn(DBA)(dmbpy)_0.5]·2H₂O}_n(1)和[Zn₂(DBA)₂(dabco)]_n(2)(H₂DBA=二苯-4,4'-二羧酸,dmbpy=2,2'-二甲基-4,4'-联吡啶,dabco=三乙烯二胺)。通过元素分析、红外光谱、差热分析、X射线粉末衍射和X射线单晶衍射等手段对配合物进行了结构表征。结果显示,化合物1为二维(4,4)网络结构,2个二维结构在平行方向上通过互锁进一步形成2D→2D的互锁网络结构。化合物2为一维带状结构。热稳定性表明化合物1能够稳定到370℃;而化合物2稳定性差。荧光分析表明常温固态下配合物1和2均发射蓝色荧光,荧光寿命分别为231.4 ns和2.33 ns。     

β-环糊精与二苯胺超分子包合物

研究了β-环糊精(主体)与二苯胺(客体)的包合反应。通过元素分析、核磁共振、差热分析及X-射线粉末分析方法确定了包合物的形成，用荧光光谱法测定了包合反应的形成常数。实验结果表明：β-环糊精与二苯胺分子形成摩尔比为2∶1的包合物。二苯胺的苯环嵌入β-环糊精分子的疏水性空腔内。包合物的分子式为C₉₆H₁₅₁O₇₀N。热稳定性比相应主客体明显提高。     

两个三维柔性功能化双苯并咪唑金属N-杂环卡宾的合成和结构

由1,1'-双苄基-3,3'-氧双(亚乙基-2,1)-二苯并咪唑六氟磷酸盐(L1)和1,1'-双(吡啶-2-甲基)-3,3'-氧双(亚乙基-2,1)-二苯并咪唑六氟磷酸盐(L2)为配体合成了[Hg(C₃₂H₂₈N₄O)](CH₃COO)(PF₆)₂ (1)和[NiCl(C₃₀H₂₈N₆O)](PF₆)₂ (2),并对其进行了结构表征。配合物1是一个罕见的三价态Hg配合物,为单斜晶系P2₁/c空间群,配合物2为单斜晶系P2₁/n的配合物。1和2中存在O-H…F,C-H…F,C-H…Cl,C-H…π,P-F…π氢键作用和π-π堆积作用,并以此分别形成了3D超分子结构。     

大空间位阻β-二亚胺镁配合物的合成、晶体结构及硅氢化反应

2,4-戊二酮分别与不同的伯胺反应,合成出2种新的大空间位阻的β-二亚胺配体。其中β-二亚胺配体1与格氏试剂甲基碘化镁（MeMgI）反应得到相应四配位镁的甲基配合物,配体1的锂盐与溴化镁（MgBr₂）反应制备出Mg-Li双金属溴配合物。新β-二亚胺配体和相应镁的甲基配合物和溴配合物的晶体结构均通过单晶X射线衍射确定,相应镁的甲基配合物和溴配合物在苯乙酮的硅氢化反应中显示了较好的催化活性。     

大空间位阻β-二亚胺镁配合物的合成、晶体结构及硅氢化反应

2,4-戊二酮分别与不同的伯胺反应,合成出2种新的大空间位阻的β-二亚胺配体。其中β-二亚胺配体1与格氏试剂甲基碘化镁（MeMgI）反应得到相应四配位镁的甲基配合物,配体1的锂盐与溴化镁（MgBr₂）反应制备出Mg-Li双金属溴配合物。新β-二亚胺配体和相应镁的甲基配合物和溴配合物的晶体结构均通过单晶X射线衍射确定,相应镁的甲基配合物和溴配合物在苯乙酮的硅氢化反应中显示了较好的催化活性。     

On the structure of the diagonal conditions

Some structural features of the diagonal problem of reduced density matrix theory are investigated by considering the cone B^r introduced elsewhere. In some special cases, we discover a very tight connection between the group structure of G^r, the invariance group of B^r, and the convex structure of B^r. We also state a general theorem that relates the convex structure of B^r to the group structure of G^r.     

Role of the supramolecular structure of the reactants in the kinetics of the liquid-phase synthesis and decomposition of explosives

Formulas relating the observed rate constant of the initial reaction step (k _ef) to the rate constants of the elementary steps (k _i ), to the monomer-association species equilibrium constants (K _i ), and to the concentrations of the reactants (A _i ) and solvent have been obtained for a number of simple kinetic models of liquid-phase explosive material synthesis and decomposition reactions involving associating reactants. The k _ef = F(k _i , K _i , and A _i ) relationship is independent of the rate law of the reaction and is governed by the association species type (autoassociation or heteroassociation species) and by the number of association species kinds. In the case of parallel reactions involving association species, as distinct from the same reactions involving unassociated reactants, concentration variations have an effect on the ratio of the rates of the parallel steps and on the product yield ratio. By varying the reaction temperature, it is possible to make the rates of the parallel steps to vary in opposite ways. When monomers, dimers, and tetramers are present in the reaction mixture, the temperature dependence of lnk _ef may have an extremum. These deduced regularities are in qualitative agreement with experimental data.     

Comparison between the analysis of the asymptotic wavepacket and the associated flux for the calculation of kinetic-energy-releases function

The kinetic-energy-releases (KER) distribution function of the fragment is an important observable in the molecular dynamics. In theory, there are several different methods to calculate the KER distribution function or spectrum, which could be generally divided into two classes: One is based on the analysis of the asymptotic wavepacket (“projection method”) and the other is on the analysis of the associated flux (“flux method”). By taking the above-threshold dissociation of the HeH⁺ (v = 8) molecule as an example, we compared these two classes of methods. Based on evenly separated Fourier grid representation, the KER distribution calculated via the projection method F_Proj(E_k) is the same as the one calculated via the flux method F_Flux(E_k) . The relationship between F_Proj(E_k) and the distribution of the projection of the asymptotic wavepacket onto the energy eigenstates of the quasicontinuum, P_Proj(E_k) , and the relationship between F_Flux(E_k) and the distribution of the dissociation probability P_Flux(E_k) from the cumulation of the associated flux, are determined.     

On the Sanibel coefficients in the expansion of spin-projected slater determinants

Every Slater determinant D may be uniquely analyzed in terms of spin components D_l = O_lD which are pure spin eigenfunctions, so that S²D_l = l(l+1)D. Every component D_l = O_lD may in turn be written as a sum of symmetric combinations of Slater determinants, T_k = [α^μ?kβ^k‖α^kβ^ν?k], and the coefficients c in the expansion O_lD = ∑_k c T_k are known as the “Sanibel coefficients.” By using the relation S²D_l = l(l+1)D, a recursion formula for the coefficients c is derived, which is then explicitly solved in the special case when S_z has the pure quantum number m = 0.     

On the connectivity index of trees

The connectivity index χ₁(G) of a graph G is the sum of the weights d(u)d(v) of all edges uv of G, where d(u) denotes the degree of the vertex u. Let T(n, r) be the set of trees on n vertices with diameter r. In this paper, we determine all trees in T(n, r) with the largest and the second largest connectivity index. Also, the trees in T(n, r) with the largest and the second largest connectivity index are characterized. Mei Lu is partially supported by NNSFC (No. 10571105).     

Disproportionation-combination ratios of small alkyl radicals formed by the mercury-photosensitized hydrogenation of olefins in the gas phase

Disproportionation-combination ratios have been obtained for small alkyl radicals produced in the mercury-photosensitized hydrogenation of ethylene, propylene, butene-1, butene-2, and isobutene. For conditions favoring thermalized radicals, k_d/k_c (ethyl, ethyl) = 0.14, k_d/k_c (isopropyl, isopropyl) = 0.69, k_d/k_c (isopropyl, n-propyl) = 0.41, k_d/k_c (2-butyl, 2-butyl) = 0.77, k_d/k_c (2-butyl, n-butyl) = 0.45, and k_d/k_c (t-butyl, t-butyl) = 3.1. The results are consistent with k_d/k_c (n-propyl, n-propyl) = 0.15 and k_d/k_c (n-butyl, n-butyl) = 0.14. The general agreement between these disproportionation-combination ratios and those obtained where photolytic radical sources have been used indicates that under appropriate conditions, H atom addition to olefins is a suitable source for the study of thermalized alkyl radicals and may be especially useful for larger alkyl radicals for which clean photolytic precursors are not available.     

Relation of the decay of free radicals in irradiated polyethylene to the molecular motion of the polymer and the configurations of the free radicals

Decay reactions of the free radicals produced in irradiated polyethylene (high-density and low-density materials) were examined in connection with the molecular motion of the matrix polymer. Three temperature regions, in which the free radicals decay very rapidly, at around 120, 200, and 250°K, were designated T_A, T_L, and T_B, respectively. The decay of the free radicals at these temperatures had activation energies in high-density polyethylene of 0.4 kcal/mole for T_A, 9.4 kcal/mole for T_L, and 18.4 kcal/mole for T_B. In low-density polyethylene these quantities were 0.7 kcal/mole for T_A, 23.1 kcal/mole for T_L, and 24.8 kcal/mole for T_B. Comparison of time constants for the decay reactions and for molecular motion of the matrix polymer indicate that the decay in T_A and T_B is closely related to molecular motion in the amorphous regions of the polymer. The decay of the free radicals at T_L in high-density polyethylene is due to molecular motion associated with local mode relaxation at lamellar surfaces, while that of low-density polyethylene is due to local mode relaxation in the completely amorphous region. Steric configurations of the free radicals which decay in the respective temperature regions were also investigated.     

Exact solutions of the rigid rotor in the electric field

We first present a new constraint condition on the confluent Heun function H_C(α, β, γ, δ, η;z) (β, γ ≥ 0, z ∈ [0, 1]) and then illustrate how to solve the rigid rotor in the electric field. We find its exact solutions unsolved previously through solving the Wronskian determinant. The present results compared with those by the perturbation methods are found to have a big difference for a large parameter a. We also present 2D and 3D probability density distributions by choosing different angular momentum quantum numbers l. We observe that the original eigenvalues with degeneracy (2 l + 1) are split into the (l + 1) state with approximate eigenvalues l(l + 1) for small a but large l.     

Stereochemistry of the Robinson Anellation: Studies on the Mode of Formation of the Intermediate Hydroxy Ketones

The stereochemical outcome of the base-catalyzed cyclization of diketones 5 – 8 has been investigated under protic conditions (Scheme 3). The more stable trans-fused ketols are preferentially formed in kinetically controlled aldol reactions, when the incipient angular substituent R = H (6 → 10a ) or CN ( 7 → 11a , 8a → 12a ). For R = Me (as in 5 ), axial attack of the side-chain enolate double bond on the ring C?O group results in the rather selective formation of cis- 9b. It is assumed that these cyclizations are controlled by relative product stabilities (product-like transition state) and steric effects. The competition between fused (e.g. 9 ) and bridged ketol (e.g. 13 ) formation in these cyclizations is discussed. The cis-fused (‘steroid’) ketols were readily equilibrated with their trans-counterparts (9b ? 9a, 10b ? 10a, 11b ? 11a) under aprotic conditions (5 mol-% of LDA, THF, 0°), thus, allowing assessments of relative stabilities.     

Theory of spin triplet ground states ind 6 transition metal compounds and the effect of high-energy states on the nature of the ground state

The formation of spin triplet, quintet, and singlet ground states within the 3d ⁶ electron configuration is investigated inD _4h , andD _3d symmetries employing irreducible tensor operator methods. Significant differences in the possible ground states are encountered between a complete CI and spin-orbit interaction treatment and an approximate calculation within the cubic⁵ T ₂,¹A₁,³ T ₁, and³ T ₂ parents.