铱配合物在磷光化学传感器中的应用

由于在生物领域和物联网领域的广泛应用,化学传感器在近期发展迅速.相比于纯有机分子的荧光化学传感器,基于重金属配合物的磷光化学传感器由于发光寿命长,斯托克斯位移大等优点越来越引起人们的广泛关注.重金属铱配合物三线态寿命短,发光效率高而且配合物的发射波长容易受配体的改变而发生变化,因此成为最好的磷光传感器材料之一.本文介绍了铱配合物在磷光化学传感器领域中的应用,具体包括:阳离子传感器、阴离子传感器、氧分子传感器、氨基酸传感器、pH传感器等,并指出了相比于其它磷光化学传感器,基于铱配合物的磷光化学传感器的优势以及目前所存在的问题,最后,对基于铱配合物的磷光化学传感器的研究和发展方向进行了展望.     

小分子铱配合物及其电致发光

由于磷光金属配合物可以同时利用单线态和三线态激子发光,使有机电致发光器件的理论内量子效率达到100%,突破了25%的极限。因而以磷光金属配合物为发光材料制成的器件备受关注。在这些金属配合物中,铱配合物由于具有较强的发光特性、发光波长可调性、较好的热稳定性和电化学稳定性以及能够形成便于蒸镀的中性分子,而成为最有应用潜力的电致磷光材料。本文综述了近几年铱配合物磷光材料在分子设计与合成方法、发光机理及器件构筑等方面的研究进展。特别介绍与讨论了磷光铱配合物的两种发光机理,即基于同配体铱配合物或异配体铱配合物的主配体到中心金属离子的电荷转移三线态(³MLCT)发射和基于异配体铱配合物的辅助配体三线态(³LC)发射。根据反应条件的差异,归纳总结了合成铱配合物常用的4种方法以及合成fac式和mer式的铱配合物的方法。还根据材料的发光颜色及其电致发光的不同,对磷光铱配合物材料进行了分类与讨论。此外,简要介绍了用于器件制作的主体材料。最后,展望了金属有机配合物电致磷光材料的发展前景,并提出了今后磷光材料的发展方向。     

磷光环金属化铱(Ⅲ)配合物在癌症治疗方面的应用

配位饱和且取代惰性的环金属化铱（Ⅲ）配合物由于优秀的磷光特性,在生物成像和生物传感等方面有着广泛的应用。近年来,该类铱配合物由于有效的抗肿瘤效力和新颖的抗肿瘤机制,在抗肿瘤方面的应用也引起了广泛关注。本文主要对磷光环金属化铱（Ⅲ）配合物（结构通式为[Ir（C^N）₂（N^N）]⁺）在抗癌化疗和光动力治疗两方面的最新研究进展进行了综述;分类总结了靶向不同细胞器,作为蛋白-蛋白相互作用抑制剂,以及应用于单光子和双光子光动力治疗的环金属化铱（Ⅲ）配合物,为开发新型金属抗肿瘤药物提供参考。最后,对环金属化铱（Ⅲ）配合物在抗癌应用方面的前景进行了展望。     

一种新型吡嗪铱（Ⅲ）配合物的合成及其磷光性质

利用5-甲基-2,3-二苯基吡嗪（MDPP）和水合三氯化铱（IrCl3•H2O）,合成了一种新型吡嗪铱配合物Ir (MDPP)2 (acac).通过1H NMR、元素分析和质谱方法对配合物结构进行了表征,并研究了配合物的吸收光谱和光致发光光谱.结果表明,配合物Ir (MDPP)2(acac)在393和528 nm处存在单重态1MLCT（金属到配体的电荷跃迁）和三重态3MLCT的吸收;在588 nm 处有较强的金属配合物三重态的磷光发射,是一种绿色磷光材料.     

含铱配合物聚合物磷光材料及其电致发光性能

聚合物电致发光器件由于在大面积平板显示和固态照明上的潜在应用,在学术研究和工业应用领域引起了广泛的关注.聚合物电致发光器件可以通过溶液加工的方法制备,制作工艺简单,成本低、材料省,并且可以实现大面积柔性显示.和荧光聚合物材料相比,磷光铱配合物聚合物材料可以同时利用单线态和三线态激子发光,器件的内量子效率理论上能达到100%,突破了传统25%的极限,因而受到广泛关注.基于此,本文综述了含铱配合物聚合物磷光材料的研究进展,主要对含铱配合物线型聚合物和超分子聚合物的合成、结构特点以及光电特性进行了总结,并讨论了聚合物结构对材料性能的影响.     

稠杂环化合物在红色磷光铱配合物中的应用

在过去的几十年里, 有机发光二极管(OLED)由于潜在的优势, 在全彩显示领域引起了高度重视. 电致磷光材料因其优异的发光性能, 引起了人们广泛关注. 对于实际应用的平板显示器, 蓝、绿、红三基色是必不可少的. 相对于高效的绿光材料, 红光磷光材料仍然存在色纯度差、效率低和亮度不足等问题, 因此设计合适的红光材料成为具有挑战性的问题. 稠杂环化合物因发光量子效率高、发光颜色可调、平衡电荷注入及迁移等优越性能而广泛应用于红色磷光铱配合物. 本文综述了近几年稠杂环化合物在小分子、树枝状及高分子红色磷光铱配合物中的应用, 阐述了铱配合物分子结构对材料光电性质及器件性能的影响, 最后展望了稠杂环化合物在红光磷光材料中的应用前景.     

基于苯并呋喃-异喹啉的红光铱配合物的合成及电致发光性质

分别以6-异丙基-1-(5-甲基苯并呋喃-7-基)异喹啉、6-环戊基-1-(5-甲基苯并呋喃-7-基)异喹啉和6-异丁基-1-(5-甲基苯并呋喃-7-基)异喹啉为主配体,以3,7-二乙基-4,6-壬二酮为辅助配体,设计合成了三个红光铱配合物.测试了它们的光物理、热学和电化学性质,这些配合物具有较高的光致发光量子产率以及较短的磷光寿命.以所合成的铱配合物为客体材料,制备了三个相同结构的有机电致发光器件.三个器件都实现了红光发射,峰值分别位于637、635和636nm处.它们的开启电压较低,均不超过2.8 V,对应的最高外量子效率分别为14.1%、13.4%和13.3%,最高电流效率分别为7.0、7.4和7.0 cd/A,最高功率效率分别为7.9、8.3和7.8 lm/W.这些数据表明所合成的三个铱配合物均为性能较好的红光磷光材料.     

一种红光树枝状铱配合物的合成、表征及其对Hg2+的识别研究

本文基于Ir(Btp)2(acac)为发光内核,合成了一种外围为萘环的苄醚型树枝状红光铱配合物,并通过NMR、MS和元素分析实验表征了该配合物。利用紫外-可见吸收光谱与磷光光谱实验研究了该配合物对金属离子的识别作用。结果表明:在CH3CN/THF溶液中,仅Hg2+的加入能引起配合物的最大吸收峰和发射峰均发生蓝移,溶液颜色由桔黄色变为浅绿色。该配合物可作为识别汞离子的光化学传感器。     

带烷氧基的苯基蒎烯吡啶铱配合物的合成及光物理性质

合成了一组新型的带有烷氧基团的铱(Ⅲ)配合物[Ir(RO-pppy)3], 并进行了结构表征. 该组配合物在~496 nm处有较强的三重态发射, 磷光量子产率为0.4~0.6, 三重态寿命为2~4 μs. 结果表明, 连接了长链的配合物可减少分子间的聚集, 可以用作有机电致发光器件中的磷光材料.     

微波辐射法合成喹喔啉铱（Ⅲ）配合物及其发光性质

采用微波辐射加热方法,将2,3-二苯基喹喔啉（DPQ）与水合三氯化铱（IrCl3•H2O）反应,合成了一种新型三环喹喔啉铱配合物[Ir(DPQ)3],通过元素分析,1H NMR和质谱方法对配合物结构进行了表征,并初步研究了配合物的吸收光谱和荧光光谱。结果表明,配合物Ir(DPQ)3在387和458nm处存在单线态1MLCT（金属到配体的电荷跃迁）和三线态3MLCT的吸收;在634nm 处有较强的金属配合物三线态的磷光发射。     

α-Amino acid derived enaminones and their application in the synthesis of N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates and other heterocycles

A new and simple synthesis of novel N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates, which exist in equilibrium with their 4-oxo tautomers, has been developed in two steps starting from N-protected α-amino acids. The key intermediates are enaminones, which can also be isolated, characterized, and used for the construction of other functionalized heterocycles, before they spontaneously decompose to pyrrole products. 4-Hydroxypyrroles are prone to partial aerial oxidation but can be efficiently alkylated or reduced to stable polysubstituted pyrrolidine derivatives.     

Specific intramolecular aromatic CH insertion of diazosulfonamides

The chemoselectivity in the intramolecular CH insertion of various diazosulfonamides has been experimentally studied. The results reveal that the aliphatic 1,4-, 1,5-, or 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions of diazosulfonamides are not accessible, while the aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion can be realized specifically by adjusting the diazo-adjacent group. In addition, the general chemoselectivities in the intramolecular CH insertions of diazosulfonyl compounds are summarized. Generally, diazosulfones undergo both aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H and aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions, while diazosulfonates undergo aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions. However, diazosulfonamides only undergo aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion.     

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes: synthesis,characterization and their applications in the C-N coupling and α-arylation of ketones using aryl chlorides

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes 3 were successfully achieved in a one-pot procedure under mild conditions. The structure of 3a was unambiguously confirmed by X-ray single crystal diffraction and it was an active catalyst in the Buchwald-Hartwig amination and α-arylation of ketones even at very low catalyst loadings (0.01?mol%).     

Iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction using terminal alkyne as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines and fused-nitrogen heterocycles

An efficient iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction in dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO) using terminal alkynes as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of aryl (9H-pyrido[3,4-b]indol-1-yl)methanones is described. The scope of the protocol includes the total synthesis of Fascaplysin, Eudistomins Y₁ and Y₂. The methodology is extended for preparing pyrrolo[1,2-a]-quinoxaline and indolo[1,5-a]quinoxaline derivatives. The utility of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines was demonstrated by performing palladium-catalyzed β-carboline directed ortho-C(sp2)-H functionalization of the phenyl ring with thiomethyl (SMe) group using DMSO as source and for accessing 4-aryl-canthin-6-ones.     

Facile synthesis of bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-ones

In this Letter, we described a facile method for constructing fused bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-one ring system. We employed various methylene-containing carboxylic acids as the substrates and proved that the pyrazolone ring closure requires activated methylene group in intermediate II. Accordingly, a series of structurally diversified, fused bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-ones was prepared in moderate to high yields using the requisite substrates.     

A carbanion induced synthesis of highly congested pyrazole and imidazole containing heterocycles

An efficient approach to the synthesis of highly congested di, penta and hexacyclic pyrazoles as well as imidazole fragment containing novel heterocyclic molecule has been developed through a carbanion induced transformation of suitably functionalized 2H-pyran-2-ones, benzo[h]chromene and thiochromeno[4,3-b]pyrans. Due to the presence of fluorescence, we report their prime application metal sensor as off/on switching in ferric ions.     

Synthesis of pyrrolo[1,2-a]pyrazines and pyrazino[1,2-a]indoles by Curtius reaction in Morita-Baylis-Hillman derivatives

Synthesis of substituted pyrrolo[1,2-a]pyrazines and pyrazino[1,2-a]indoles from the Morita-Baylis-Hillman derivatives of acrylates via saponification followed by Curtius reaction is described.     

正丁胺对激光染料荧光谱影响的研究

用正丁胺作为碳源,采用射频辉光放电制备碳膜,选用激光染料R6G和聚乙二醇混合液作为蒸气源,采用单源热蒸发,在蒸发室与染料同时沉积得到混合膜,用拉曼光谱和红外光谱分析了碳膜的结构和键合方式,分析表明:碳膜中存在胺基团和氢原子.混合膜的荧光谱测量结果表明,认为正丁胺对染料荧光谱的影响是因为胺基和氢原子的存在.     

Selective synthesis of 4,5-dihydroimidazo- and imidazo[1,5-a]quinoxalines via modified Pictet–Spengler reaction

An efficient tandem approach for the selective synthesis of 4,5-dihydroimidazo[1,5-a]quinoxalines 6a–g and imidazo[1,5-a]quinoxalines 7a–h by the reaction of 2-imidazolyl anilines 4a–c with aryl aldehydes 5a–k under mild reaction conditions is described. Introduction of electron releasing alkyl groups in substrates 4a–b was found to be instrumental for the success of the reaction.     

Understanding the Diels-Alder reactivity of 1,2-azaborine analogues

The Diels-Alder reactivity of 1,2-heteroborines (H₄C₄B(H)X, X?=?NH, PH, AsH; O, S, Se) has been computationally explored by means of Density Functional Theory (DFT) calculations. The influence of the HB?=?X fragment on the reactivity of the system has been quantitatively analyzed in detail by means of the so-called Activation Strain Model (ASM) of reactivity. It is found that the interaction between these species and the dienophile is significantly stronger than that computed for their all-carbon isoelectronic counterpart, benzene. In addition, the strain energy plays a key role in the observed reactivity trends. The role of the aromaticity strength of these heteroarenes on the reactivity is also assessed.