苯乙酮酸冰片酯的合成及其诱导不对称Henry反应

在四乙氧基钛催化下,用天然丰产的冰片为手性源与苯乙酮酸乙酯进行酯交换得到含手性基团的苯乙酮酸冰片酯,苯乙酮酸冰片酯在冰片基的立体控制下与硝基甲烷缩合,主要得到2R-2-羟基-2-苯基-3-硝基丙酸冰片酯,用高效液相色谱法分析了诱导不对称Henry缩合反应效果,其e.e.值为56.5%,用IR、1HNMR、13CNMR确...     

芳基乙酮酸薄荷醇酯的合成及不对称Henry反应

以钛酸四乙酯为催化剂, 芳基乙酮酸乙酯与天然L-薄荷醇进行酯交换, 合成了8个含手性基团的芳基乙酮酸薄荷醇酯; 在手性基团的立体选择性控制下, 芳基乙酮酸薄荷醇酯与硝基甲烷进行不对称Henry反应, 合成了7个(2R)-2-羟基-2-芳基-3-硝基丙酸薄荷醇酯新化合物, 用IR, ¹H NMR, ¹³C NMR, MS和元素分析表征了化合物结构. 用高效液相色谱经手性柱分析了不对称反应效果, 缩合反应的非对映体过量在46.5%～64.2%之间, 表明可以通过立体选择性控制产物构型.     

修饰金鸡纳碱催化的不对称烯丙基烷基化反应

以修饰金鸡纳碱的手性叔胺为催化剂,Morita-Baylis-Hillman碳酸酯与α-取代的β-酮酸酯经不对称烯丙基烷基化反应,以中等收率及较好的非对映选择性和对映选择性合成了一系列具有连续季碳叔碳手性中心的新型烷基取代β-酮酸酯类化合物,其结构经1H NMR和13C NMR表征。     

新型类卟啉手性双噁唑啉化合物的合成

以对硝基苯甲醛与3,4-二甲基吡咯-2-甲酸乙酯缩合,然后将缩合产物的酯基水解成羧基得二元酸,由羧酸与手性氨基醇一步法合成了6个具有C2对称的类卟啉手性双噁唑啉化合物。     

含平面手性和中心手性双手性因素化合物的合成及应用

[2,2]对二环苯经甲酰化、缩合、拆分得到（Rp）-4-甲酰基[2,2]对二环苯,再与L-亮氨酸的衍生物二齿手性氨基醇经缩合、还原得到由平面手性和中心手性因素构建的化合物（Rp,S）-1,1-二苯基-2-{[2,2]对二环苯基-甲氨基}-4-甲基戊醇.产物结构经IR、MS和1H NMR等进行了表征.用1H NMR考察了其作为主体对客体手性羧酸衍生物消旋体的手性识别能力.     

新型有机小分子催化剂的合成及其在α-酮亚胺基酯的不对称氢化硅烷化反应中的应用

杂环芳香酸和手性氨基醇通过缩合反应制备了9个新型手性有机小分子催化剂(3a～3i),其结构经1H NMR, 13C NMR和MS表征.3用于催化α-酮亚胺基酯的不对称氢化硅烷化反应(三氯硅烷为还原剂),可得到高收率和中等对映选择性的手性α-氨基酸酯.     

芳基氟喹诺酮抗菌剂的合成新方法

提出了一种合成芳基氟喹诺酮抗菌剂二氟沙星和替马沙星的新方法，以2，4- 二氯-5氟苯乙酮为原料，用草酸二乙酯代替文献报道的碳酸二惭酯与之反应，高收 率得到β-酮酸酯，该酮酸酯经乙氧亚甲基化、胺化、环合和水解反应制得比文献 报道的类似物多一个羰基的中间本，再经过氧化物氧化脱羰基，与哌嗪衍生物缩合 制得标题化合物，所制得的新化合物的结构由~1H NMR, IR, MS和元素分析确证。     

D-甘露醇衍生的新型手性硫脲的合成及其在Henry反应中的应用

以D-甘露醇为原料,经缩合,醇解,叠氮化和还原等4步反应制得含联1,3-二氧六环骨架的手性胺中间体(4); 4分别与3,5-双(三氟甲基)苯基异硫氰酯,表奎宁异硫氰酸酯和表奎尼丁异硫氰酸酯偶联合成了3个新型的手性硫脲(6a~6c),其结构经¹H NMR, ¹³C NMR, IR和HR-MS表征。以硝基甲烷和苯甲醛的不对称Henry反应为探针反应,考察了6的催化活性。结果表明：在以吡啶为碱,甲苯为溶剂,6b 5%(摩尔百分数),于-30 ℃反应24 h的条件下,(S)-2-硝基-1-苯基乙醇的收率和对映选择性分别为69%和78%。     

2，4-二羟甲基四氢吡咯衍生物的合成及对烯烃环氧化反应的诱导

用手性的丙烯酸薄荷醇酯与原位生成的1，3-偶极试剂发生Diels-Alder反应， 得到一系列新的手性2，4-二酯基四氢吡咯衍生物，经氢化铝锂还原得到纯的手性 2，4-二羟甲基吡咯衍生物。并首次发现，在用Oxone氧化烯时，2，4-二羟甲基四 氢吡咯衍生物能有效地诱导烯烃发生环氧化反应，转化率达到定量。     

SO42-/ZrO2固体超强酸催化合成乙醛酸L-盖基酯

乙醛酸L-盖基酯是一种重要的手性试剂和手性中间体.本文以SO42-/ZrO2固体超强酸作催化剂,由乙醛酸与L-薄荷醇酯化合成乙醛酸L-盖基酯,通过正交实验探讨了反应温度、反应时间、催化剂用量、酸醇摩尔比4个因素对该酯化反应的影响,得到优化工艺条件,收率达78.5%,并对L-薄荷醇的套用及SO42-/ZrO2固体超强酸的重复使用进行了研究.     

Menthyloxycarbonyl phosphonium chlorides: new derivatives for determining the enantiomeric excess of chiral tertiary phosphines

The direct alkoxycarbonylation of tertiary phosphines with alkyl chloroformates has been examined and the products characterised by NMR and X-ray crystallographic analysis. The derivatisation of representative chiral tertiary phosphines with enantiopure menthyl chloroformate allows the determination of the enantiomeric excess of scalemic mixtures by ³¹P NMR spectroscopic analysis.     

The Stereoselective Synthesis of 2‐Aryl‐2‐hydroxybutanoic Acid via Menthyl Chiral Auxiliaries

In the presence of titanium(IV) tetraethoxide ((EtO)₄Ti), menthyl arylglyoxylates are prepared by transesterification of ethyl arylglyoxylates and natural (−)‐(1R,2S,5R)‐menthol. Using menthyl as a chiral auxiliary, the corresponding novel (R)‐menthyl 2‐aryl‐2‐hydroxybutanoates are synthesized by the addition of Et₂Zn with menthyl arylglyoxylates. The structures of the products are characterized by IR and ¹H‐ and ¹³C‐NMR spectroscopy, mass spectrometry, and elemental analysis. The diastereoselectivities are analyzed by HPLC. The addition reactions are completed with good yields and high diastereoisomeric excess (de up to 95%), and, after hydrolysis, the (R)‐2‐aryl‐2‐hydroxybutanoic acids are obtained with high optical purities.     

含薄荷基的手性液晶单体的合成、结构与性能研究

合成了五种新型含薄荷基的手性单体(M1～M5), 它们的结构、纯度及旋光性质通过了1H NMR, FT-IR、元素分析仪及旋光仪等手段的表征, 采用DSC, POM, UV/Vis/NIR等研究了单体的介晶性能、相行为及选择反射性能. 结果表明: 单体的比旋光度值随苯环数目的增加而降低, 通过在薄荷基与液晶核之间引入柔性间隔基元, 实现了含薄荷基单体具有液晶性能的目的. 除M1外, 其余四种单体均呈现手性近晶C (SC*)相和胆甾(Ch)相, 此外M5还出现了蓝相织构. M2～M4只在SC*相区能观察到选择反射现象, 而M5在SC*相区和Ch相区均出现明显的选择反射现象, 且随温度的升高, SC*相区的反射波长发生“红移”, 而Ch相区的反射波长则发生“蓝移”. 随着液晶核刚性的增加, 对应单体的熔点和清亮点增大, 液晶相范围变宽. 液晶核中的酯基桥键与组合方式也对单体的熔点和清亮点具有一定的影响.     

Asymmetric Synthesis of Chiral Atropisomeric Bis‐Aryl Organophosphorus from Menthyl H‐Phosphinate

This review describes new methods for the synthesis of chiral monophosphine ligands with menthyl phenylphosphinate as a chiral auxiliary through asymmetric Suzuki‐Miyaura cross‐coupling reactions and asymmetric C–H functionalization. The chiral menthyl phenylphosphinate as a chiral auxiliary is easy to prepare and the menthyl group can easily be transformed into other functional groups, with the chiral center synchronously remaining. These methodologies provide highly efficient and practical strategies for the synthesis of novel axially chiral biaryl monophosphine oxides and their corresponding phosphines. Meanwhile, these reactions are easy to handle and exhibit wide scope for substrates with excellent diastereomeric ratios.     

Asymmetric induction copolymerization. Cationic copolymerization of l-menthyl vinyl ether with indene and acenaphthylene

l-Menthyl vinyl ether (l-MVE) was homopolymerized and copolymerized with the monomers indene (IN) and acenaphthylene (ANp) by BF₃OEt₂ as a catalyst. The chiral menthyl substituent was cloven from the homopolymers and copolymers using dry-hydrogen bromide gas. After the removal of optically active menthyl group, poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) from l-MVE homopolymer was optically inactive, and copolymers (VA-IN, VA-ANp) from l-MVE-IN and l-MVE-ANp copolymers were still optically active. Hence, in the case of l-MVE homopolymer, it was concluded that asymmetric induction in the polymer main chain can only produce pseudoasymmetry. In the case of l-MVE-IN and l-MVE-ANp copolymers, it was found that asymmetric induction proceeded in the copolymer main chain and was caused by the influence of chiral menthyl group.     

几种手性原子转移自由基聚合引发剂的合成及其在螺旋选择性聚合中的应用

合成了(S)-2,2'-二(溴甲基)-1,1'-联萘, (S)-2'-甲基-2-溴甲基-1,1'-联萘, α-溴代苯乙酸薄荷酯, N-薄荷基-α-溴代苯乙酰胺和α-溴代苯乙酸胆甾烷醇酯5种旋光的溴代烷并将其用作非手性单体甲基丙烯酸-1-苯基二苯并环庚醇酯 (PDBSMA)的原子转移自由基聚合(ATRP)的手性引发剂. 为了使这些手性引发剂在引发一步生成的初级自由基不发生消旋化, 引发剂中的手性中心都不直接与溴原子相连. 用这5种手性溴代烷做引发剂引发PDBSMA的ATRP所得聚合物可分成四氢呋喃(THF)可溶部分和THF不溶部分. THF可溶部分具有较大的比旋光度. 对THF可溶部分的手性光学性质研究以及比较该部分聚合物和在同样引发条件下得到的甲基丙烯酸甲酯聚合物的比旋光度, 我们得出聚合物大的比旋光度是由聚合物单手性螺旋过量引起的结论, 即合成的手性引发剂对PDBSMA的ATRP均有一定的螺旋选择性, 其中(S)-2,2'-二(溴甲基)-1,1'-联萘、(S)-2'-甲基-2-溴甲基-1,1'-联萘螺旋选择性最好. 引发剂的螺旋诱导能力跟聚合反应的温度有很大关系, 聚合温度上限为70 ℃, 在0～70 ℃之间, 随着温度的升高引发剂的螺旋选择性逐渐增强.     

Synthesis and Characterization of (–)‐Menthyl Containing N‐Alkyl Cycloimmonium Salts

The reaction of 4‐phenyl‐2‐aminothiazole or 2‐amino pyridine with α‐bromo acetic (–)‐menthyl ester ( 2c ) yields new N‐alkyl cycloimmonium bromides ( 1c , 3 ) with the chiral (–)‐menthyl substituent, which were isolated and fully characterized by ¹H and ¹³C NMR spectroscopy for the first time. In addition, starting from 4‐phenyl‐2‐aminothiazole, two further N‐alkyl cycloimmonium bromides ( 1a , 1b ) were prepared. The molecular and crystal structures of all three thiazole derived N‐alkyl cycloimmonium bromides ( 1a – c ) were determined by single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction. In all cases the crystal structures are dominated by N–H ··· Br hydrogen bonds, which results in the formation of an extensive hydrogen bonded network in the crystal. Interestingly, in all structures S ··· Br^– distances shorter than the sum of the van der Waals radii are observed.     

Resolution of enantiomers of the antiarrhythmic drug encainide and its major metabolites by chiral derivatization and high-performance liquid chromatography

Commercially available chiral columns were unable to provide adequate resolution of enantiomers of the antiarrhythmic drug encainide or its major metabolites. The homochiral derivatizing agent, (-)-menthyl chloroformate, was found to react at the tertiary piperidine nitrogen of racemic encainide providing two menthyl carbamate diastereomers. The individual diastereomers could be separated with baseline resolution on normal-phase high-performance liquid chromatography on a silica column. Structures of the derivatives were confirmed by electron impact mass spectrometry and 1H NMR spectroscopy. The method was adapted for the chiral analysis of the major metabolites of encainide. The limit of sensitivity for racemic encainide was 10 ng on column and it was possible to detect a mixture containing (+)- and (-)-encainide in a ratio of 1:99. Preliminary studies indicated that (-)-encainide was O-demethylated to a greater extent than the (+)-enantiomer by rat liver microsomes.     

手性化合物环境下制备甲壳型液晶高分子

甲壳型液晶高分子的研究是我国独创[1 ,2 ] ,已产生了积极的科学影响 .虽然它们在化学结构上属于侧链型 ,但在分子形态上更接近于主链型液晶高分子[3] .由于庞大的液晶基元对空间的要求 ,液晶高分子主链被迫采取尽可能伸展的构象[4,5] .然而 ,至今尚不清楚主链与液晶基元之间是怎样协同作用以形成有序结构 .本文探索了在不同手性化合物环境下制备单手螺旋链甲壳型液晶高分子的可能性 .尽管最后并未获得螺旋链高分子 ,但仍取得了一些有价值的结果 .手性化合物环境分别是 ( )薄荷醇 ( 1 )作为反应溶剂、( )过氧化 二 (碳酸薄荷醇酯 ( 2 )作…